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AbstractThe article investigates how gender differences in school performance are conceptualized in recent Swedish and Norwegian public commission reports against the backdrop of an increasing public focus on "problem boys" and boys' underachievement in school as a policy challenge. We found substantive country differences, despite regime similarities and the considerable level of gender equality norms and policy diffusion within the Nordic region. Whereas Swedish reports address gender differences in school performance and behavior equipped with radical feminist perspectives and theories of patriarchal oppression, Norwegian reports largely avoid explicit references to feminist theory and include analyses of the unfair burdens of boys in school and society. It is argued that the diverging approaches are connected to features of the commissions and of the wider knowledge regimes of the two gender equality forerunners, but also to historical differences in the ideological underpinnings of Swedish and Norwegian gender equality policy making.Related ArticlesIreni‐Saban, Liza. 2013. "Give Me Children or Else I Die: The Politics and Policy of Cross‐Border Reproductive Care." Politics & Policy 41(1): 5–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12004.Svallfors, Stefan, Erica Falkenström, Corrie Hammar, and Anna T. Höglund. 2022. "Networked Reports: Commissioning and Production of Expert Reports on Swedish Health Care Governance." Politics & Policy 50(3): 580–97. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12462.Tusalem, Rollin F. 2022. "Does Gendered Representation in National Legislatures Promote Substantive Representation and Human Development? Evidence from the Developing World." Politics & Policy 50(6): 1096–137. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12503.

Examines general policy and financial activities of authorities, the politics underlying the creation of quasi-public enterprises, and other issues; based largely on case studies; US; 8 articles.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- List of Illustrations -- Chapter 1: Public Policy as a Concept and a Field (or Fields) of Study -- Defining Public Policy -- Defining the Field(s) of Public Policy Studies -- The Policy Sciences: A Very Short History of the Field of Policy Studies -- The Fracturing of the Policy Sciences -- Why Build When You Can Beg, Borrow, and Steal? -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Chapter 2: Does Politics Cause Policy? Does Policy Cause Politics? -- Good Policy Theory -- Policy Stages: A First Attempt at Policy Theory -- Stages Model: Descriptive or Predictive? -- Another "Theory" of Public Policy: Policy Typologies -- Typologies as Non-Mutually Exclusive Categories -- Conclusion: Where Do We Go from Here? -- Notes -- Chapter 3: Who Makes Decisions? How Do They Make Decisions? Actors and Institutions -- Bounded Rationality and Incrementalism -- Incrementalism in Practice -- Public Choice and the Tiebout Model -- The Tiebout Model: Citizens as Efficient Policymakers? -- Institutional Rational Choice -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Chapter 4: Whose Values? Policy Design -- Objective Policy Design? -- The "Paradox" of Policy Design -- Social Constructions and Target Populations -- "Democratic" Values and Policy Design -- Narrative Policy Framework -- Testing Policy Design Theories? -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Chapter 5: Where Does Policy Come From? The Policy Process -- Process and Power -- Policy Subsystems and Issue Networks -- Advocacy Coalitions: Theory or Framework? -- Punctuated Equilibrium: A Descriptive Framework for Policy Change -- Assessing the Value of PET -- Garbage Cans and Policy Windows: A Multiple Streams Approach to Policy Change -- A Theory of Policy Change? -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Chapter 6: What Should We Do? The Field of Policy Analysis -- The Rationalist Approach

Part of the Volume on Digital Media, Youth, and CredibilityAs concern about the credibility of information on the Internet grows, so do pressures for government attempts to mitigate the problem. This chapter examines the potential roles of government in dealing with public concerns about information credibility. It argues that public policy will be a political negotiation between a positive view of digital media as crucial infrastructure for education, and a negative view of an unregulated, dangerous environment especially for children. The chapter concludes that more attention should be paid to developing policies that support both users and educators to find and evaluate the information they need.

"At the mid-point of the twentieth century, many philosophers in the English-speaking world regarded political and moral philosophy as all but moribund. Thinkers influenced by logical positivism believe that ethical statements are merely disguised expressions of individual emotion lacking propositional force, or that the conditions for the validation of ethical statements could not be specified, or that their content, however humanly meaningful, is inexpressible.Philosophical Dimensions of Public Policy presents thirty-four articles written by research scholars numerous fields-philosophy, political theory, medicine, law, biology, economics, ecology and sociology-treating a broad range of topics in practical philosophy. The Institute for Philosophy and Public Affairs has been home for these ideas, pioneering a distinctive method of conducting inquiry into the moral dimensions of public life, and contributing to public discussion and deliberation. Members of the Institute reject the idea that public philosophy means reaching into the philosopher's tool-kit and "applying" prefabricated theories to particular problems. They set in motion a dialogue between the distinctive moral features of practical problems and the more general moral theories or considerations that seem most likely to elucidate these problems.The volume is divided into five areas: "Politics, Civic Life, and Moral Education"; "Diversity, Identity, and Equal Opportunity"; "Human Rights, Development Ethics, and International Justice"; "Biotechnology, Genetic Research, and Health Policy"; and "Natural Environment, Human Communities."Philosophical Dimensions of Public Policy presents empirical data and philosophical arguments with the intention of informing public policy and public deliberation. Scholars as well as graduate and undergraduate students are certain to find it useful to their research work."--Provided by publisher.

Introduction : Why entrepreneurship matters /Zoltan J. Acs, David B. Audretsch, and Robert Strom --Capitalism : growth miracle maker, growth saboteur /William J. Baumol, Robert Litan, and Carl Schramm --Toward a model of innovation and performance along the lines of Knight, Keynes, Hayek, and M. Polanyí /Edmund S. Phelps --Advance of total factor productivity from entrepreneurial innovations /Paul A. Samuelson --Silicon Valley, a chip off the old Detroit bloc /Steven Klepper --Entrepreneurship and job growth /John Haltiwanger --Entrepreneurship at American universities /Nathan Rosenberg --Scientist commercialization and knowledge transfer? /David B. Audretsch, Taylor Aldridge, and Alexander Oettl --Why entrepreneurship matters for Germany /Max Keilbach --Entreprenomics : entrepreneurship, economic growth, and policy /Roy Thurik --The Bayh-Dole act and high-technology entrepreneurship in the United States during the 1980s and 1990s /David C. Mowery --Academic entrepreneurship in Europe : a different perspective /Mirjam van Praag --Crating an entrepreneurial economy : the role of public policy /Heike Grimm --"Entrepreneurial capitalism" in capitalist development : toward a synthesis of capitalist development and the "economy as a whole" /Zoltan J. Acs.