Suchergebnisse

[EN] Home purchase-sale prices have been widely modeled by several authors. Nonetheless, other values exist, such as home mortgage appraisal values, used by financial institutions, which have played a key role in the recent financial crisis. This article attempts to model the appraisal price of one m(2) of residential properties obtained by 31 appraisal companies in Valencia (Spain). Mortgage appraisal values of 17 007 residential properties were used for this purpose. Spatial autocorrelation was detected in both the data and residuals of the ordinary regression model, which justified using spatial regression models. Of the four employed models, the error model offered the best results. Significant differences were found among appraisal companies, which varied as much as 83% for some. Generally speaking, small appraisal companies obtained higher over-valuation percentages, which confirms their situation of weakness. The fact that over-valuations exist in mortgage securities is a high risk for a stable financial system. ; Guadalajara Olmeda, MN.; Lopez-Gomez, MA. (2018). The inflated valuation problem in Valencia, Spain, and Implications for Firm Size. International Journal of Strategic Property Management. 22(4):300-313. https://doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2018.4348 ; S ; 300 ; 313 ; 22 ; 4

Este trabalho resenha a obra Neoclassical Realist Theory of International Politics, de Norrin Ripsman, Jeffrey Taliaferro e Steven Lobell, publicado em 2016. O intuito dos autores é construir um modelo teórico realista neoclássico, indo além do ideário neorrealista focado apenas em fatores sistêmicos enquanto determinantes da política exterior de um Estado. Assim, alguns fatores domésticos são elencados enquanto variáveis intervenientes capazes de influenciar a resposta de um Estado aos estímulos vindos do sistema internacional.ABSTRACTThis paper aims to review Neoclassical Realist Theory of International Politics, a book written by Norrin Ripsman, Jeffrey Taliaferro e Steven Lobell and published in 2016. The authors goal is to construct a neoclassical realist model, as a further advance in comparison to neorealist appraisal of International Politics, whose claim that systemical restraints and dictates the foreign policy of states. Hence, some domestical factors are placed as intervening variables that can influence a state's reaction to the stimulus emanated from the international system. Palavras-chave: Realismo, Teoria das Relações Internacionais, análise de política externa.Keywords: Realism, International Relations theory, Foreign policy analysis.Recebido em 13 de Maio de 2018 | Aceito em 22 de Maio de 2018.Received May 13, 2018 | Accepted on May 22, 2018. DOI

International audience Economic security is a goal of comprehensive social protection, dimension of the policy of old age and key element in the quality of life. Its scope differs according to the degree of demographic transition, economic development and state protection goals. In Cuba through Law 105/08, monthly access to the minimum old-age pension is guaranteed. This paper proposes a structured index in eight dimensions and determined with the support of multivariate analysis and the applications of SPSS V.22, Which allows a methodological basis to address the public, integral and social management of aging. ; La seguridad económica es meta de protección social integral, dimensión de la política de vejez y elemento clave en la calidad de vida. Su alcance difiere según sea el grado de transición demográfica, de desarrollo económico y metas de protección estatales. En Cuba mediante la ley 105/08 se garantiza el acceso mensual a la pensión mínima de vejez. Con el presente trabajo se propone un índice estructurado en ocho dimensiones y determinado con el apoyo del análisis multivariante y las aplicaciones del SPSS V.22, lo que posibilita una base metodológica para afrontar la gestión pública, integral y social del envejecimiento.

The thesis is about ideological change of political parties and the way parties gather information, learn by updating their beliefs and ultimately make "rational choices". Analyzing 1451 policy moves of 137 parties in 22 OECD-countries from 1950 to 2013 it is a story about rational learning, about emulating other parties abroad and chasing public opinion. Yet, the "internal life" of a party conditions the effects when activists have some influence over the formation of party policy. As volunteers facing a scarcity of time and resources, members of the party on the ground have a different information horizon, and may arrive at the opposite decision where to move than party elites which (can) rest their decision on a broader set of information resources. In some parties the party on the ground thus constitutes an "internal wall of resistance" to the strategy party elites would choose, if they were free from constraints. ; Die Arbeit untersucht den Einfluss von Lernen auf die ideologische Veränderung von 137 Parteien in 22 OECD-Staaten von 1950 bis 2013. Parteien lernen über die Effektivität von policy moves mit Blick auf Stimmengewinne bzw. -verluste von sich selbst, ihren Konkurrenten und anderen Parteien im Ausland und treffen anschließend eine (begrenzt) rationale Entscheidung für die Richtung einer Veränderung. Die interne Machtbalance zwischen Parteeliten und Aktivisten bedingt dabei, welche Informationsquellen die finale Entscheidung beeinflussen.

Die vom britischen Kurator und Autor herausgegebene Publikation Red Africa macht sich daran, eine scheinbar vergessene Vergangenheit freizulegen: die sozialistische Freundschaft mit Afrika im Kalten Krieg. Die Beiträge präsentieren die Resultate eines zweijährigen Forschungsprojekts und eines Saisonprogramms in der Calvert 22 Foundation in London, welches die Ausstellung Things Fall Apart, Filmvorführungen und Seminare beinhaltete. In der Form einer Collage sind Abschriften von Gesprächen zusammengetragen mit sechs wissenschaftlichen Essays und kleinen Einblicken in das Schaffen von elf Künstler_innen und Künstlergruppen, deren Projekte in der Ausstellung gezeigt wurden. Die Mischung von Ausstellungskatalog, Sammelband und künstlerisches Hochglanzmagazin beginnt eine Konversation mit ihren Leser_innen und Betrachter_innen, die ebenso faszinierend wie verwirrend ist und sie mehr wollen lässt. ; The publication Red Africa edited by British curator and writer Mark Nash sets out to excavate a seemingly forgotten past: the socialist friendship with Africa in the Cold War. The contributions present the results of a two-year research project and seasonal programme at Calvert 22 Foundation in London that included the exhibition Things Fall Apart, film screenings, and seminars. In the form of a collage, transcripts of conversations are assembled together with six scholarly essays and glimpses into the work of eleven artists and artist groups whose projects were on display at the exhibition. The mix of exhibition catalogue, edited volume, and glossy art magazine enters into a conversation with its readers and viewers that is equally intriguing and confusing and that leaves them wanting more.

Հոդվածում Ղարաբաղյան հակամարտության շուրջ տեղի ունեցող նոր զարգացումների համատեքստում վերլուծված են 1994թ. ստորագրված Բիշքեկյան արձանագրությունն ու մայիսի 12-ի հրադադարի համաձայնագիրը: ԱՀ, ՀՀ և ԼՂՀ ներկայացուցիչների միջև կնքված եռակողմ և անժամկետ փաստաթղթերում առկա փաստարկները և Բաքվի ու Ստեփանակերտի միջև ուղղակի բանակցությունները վկայում են, որ Ադրբեջանը ճանաչել էր ԼՂՀ դե-ֆակտո անկախությունը: Արցախի դեմ ապրիլի 2-ին ձեռնարկված նախահարձակ ռազմական գործողությունները, հրադադարի նոր պայմանագրի կնքման և հակամարտությունը ռազմական ճանապարհով լուծելու Բաքվի նկրտումները վկայում են, որ 22 տարի անց չի փոխվել հրադադարի հաստատման և հակառակորդին խաղաղություն պարտադրելու նախապայմանը: ; The Bishkek protocol signed in 1994 and the ceasefire agreement of May 12 are analyzed in the article in the context of current developments of Karabakh conflict. The existing arguments in the trilateral and perpetual agreements signed by the representatives of RoA, AR and NKR and the direct talks between Baku and Stepanakert indicate that Azerbaijan recognized the de facto independence of Nagorno Karabakh Republic. Aggressive military action taken against Artsakh on April 2, Baku's effort to sign a new ceasefire agreement and ambitions to resolve the conflict through military action show that nothing has changed in 22 years and peace must be enforced on the adversary.

Годы смягчили остроту восприятия трагических событий, которые произошли 75 лет назад, в самую короткую ночь 22 июня, но не сняли главные вопросы, поставленные ими: планировал ли Советский Союз упреждающий удар по Германии? Была ли война внезапной? Чем был ознаменован первый день войны? Почему Красная Армия потерпела тяжелое поражение в первую неделю боев? Смогли ли контрудары первых дней войны задержать стремительное продвижение противника вглубь страны? Вопросов много. В этой статье попытаемся ответить на некоторые из них. Библиогр. 44 назв. ; The years have softened the sharpness of perception of the tragic events that occurred 75 years ago, in the shortest night on 22 June, but did not invalidate the main points raised by them: was the Soviet Union planning a preemptive strike on Germany? Was it a sudden war? What was the first day of the war marked by? Why did the Red Army suffer a heavy defeat in the first week of battles? Did the counter-strike during the first days of the war delay the rapid advance of the enemy deep into the country? A lot of questions. In the course of this article we will try to answer some of them. Refs 44.

Emphasis on studies that seek sustainable energy alternatives to oil has increased over the last few years. Ethanol derived from sugarcane remains a promising technology for biofuel production. Waste from pineapple culture remains is a potential alternative raw material for biofuel production. The goal of this study was to determine the potential of residual biomass production of a pineapple crop, subjected to fertilization by different levels of nitrogen and potassium. The experiment was conducted in Northwest Paraná, in a commercial area in Santa Isabel do Ivaí-PR. The climate in this area is subtropical humid according to the Köppen classification, and has a sandy dystrophic red acrisol.The experimental design was a 4 × 4 factorial, where factor A:N doses (0; 11; 22; and 33 g per plant) and factor B:K2O doses (0; 11; 22; and 33 g per plant. The production of residual pineapple biomass responded differently to the N and K doses applied. Potassium fertilization had a positive linear correlation, up to the addition of 33 g plant-1 with a production of 5.88 Mg ha-1. A dose of 18.138 g plant-1 yielded in the maximum dry biomass production for nitrogen fertilization.

Public session access to diving boards is one of the stepping stones for those wishing to develop their skills in the sport of diving. The extent to which certain dive forms are considered risky (forward/backward/rotations) and therefore not permitted is a matter for local pool managers. In Study 1, 20 public pools with diving facilities responded to a U.K. survey concerning their diving regulation policy and related injury incidence in the previous year. More restrictive regulation of dive forms was not associated with a decrease in injuries (rs[42] = –0.20, p = 0.93). In Study 2, diving risk perception and attitudes towards regulation were compared between experienced club divers (N = 22) and nondivers (N = 22). Risk was perceived to be lower for those with experience, and these people favored less regulation. The findings are interpreted in terms of a risk thermostat model, where for complex physical performance activities such as diving, individuals may exercise caution in proportion to their ability and previous experience of success and failure related to the activity. Though intuitively appealing, restrictive regulation of public pool diving may be ineffective in practice because risk is not simplistically associated with dive forms, and divers are able to respond flexibly to risk by exercising caution where appropriate.

The Delphi technique is a means of facilitating discussion among experts in order to develop consensus, and can be used for policy formulation. This article describes a modified Delphi approach in which 27 multi-disciplinary academics and 22 stakeholders from Ghana and North America were polled about ways to address negative effects of small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in Ghana. In early 2014, the academics, working in disciplinary groups, synthesized 17 response options based on data aggregated during an Integrated Assessment of ASGM in Ghana. The researchers participated in two rounds of Delphi polling in March and April 2014, during which 17 options were condensed into 12. Response options were rated via a 4-point Likert scale in terms of benefit (economic, environmental, and benefit to people) and feasibility (economic, social/cultural, political, and implementation). The six highest-scoring options populated a third Delphi poll, which 22 stakeholders from diverse sectors completed in April 2015. The academics and stakeholders also prioritized the response options using ranking exercises. The technique successfully gauged expert opinion on ASGM, and helped identify potential responses, policies and solutions for the sector. This is timely given that improvement to the ASGM sector is an important component within the UN Minamata Convention.

В период с 22 ноября по 25 января 2014 г. на базе кафедры политологии и права Московского государственного областного университета и Московского областного отделения Российского общества политологов было проведено социологическое исследование отношения учеников школ Москвы и Московской области к США. Результаты опроса показали, что на мнение респондентов оказывает влияние территориальное проживание и статус школы. Другими немаловажными факторами остаются доступность политической информации и политико-менеджерские манипуляции. Авторы пришли к выводу, что сетевые технологии информационно-пропагандистского противостояния с США используются отечественной властью для укрепления легитимности собственного политического режима. ; In the period from November 22 to January 25, 2014 at the Department of Political Science and Law, Moscow State Regional University and the Moscow regional branch of the Russian Society of Political Scientists had conducted a sociological survey of attitudes of school pupils in Moscow and the Moscow region to the United States. The results showed that the opinion of respondents affects the territorial status of residence and school. Other important factors are the availability of political information and political and managerial manipulation. The authors concluded that the network technology advocacy of confrontation with the United States is used to strengthen the power of the national legitimacy of their own political regime.

The Delphi technique is a means of facilitating discussion among experts in order to develop consensus, and can be used for policy formulation. This article describes a modified Delphi approach in which 27 multi-disciplinary academics and 22 stakeholders from Ghana and North America were polled about ways to address negative effects of small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in Ghana. In early 2014, the academics, working in disciplinary groups, synthesized 17 response options based on data aggregated during an Integrated Assessment of ASGM in Ghana. The researchers participated in two rounds of Delphi polling in March and April 2014, during which 17 options were condensed into 12. Response options were rated via a 4-point Likert scale in terms of benefit (economic, environmental, and benefit to people) and feasibility (economic, social/cultural, political, and implementation). The six highest-scoring options populated a third Delphi poll, which 22 stakeholders from diverse sectors completed in April 2015. The academics and stakeholders also prioritized the response options using ranking exercises. The technique successfully gauged expert opinion on ASGM, and helped identify potential responses, policies and solutions for the sector. This is timely given that improvement to the ASGM sector is an important component within the UN Minamata Convention.

Objectives: We sought to measure the financial burden on the Turkish government from early tooth loss and tooth impaction requiring prosthetics in 6-22-year-olds.Material and Methods: We evaluated 28784 teeth from 1028 patients (379 males and 649 females) between the ages of 6 and 22 and assessed the indications for prosthodontic treatment. As the study age range is not reliable for the presence of third molars, third molars were ignored. We divided the patients into pediatric and young adult groups. the homogeneity of data was evaluated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Differences between the genders and groups were evaluated with Pearson's Chi-squared test and the Mann-Whitney U-test.Results: Missing permanent teeth predominated in the young adult group (1.61) %, while impacted permanent teeth predominated in the pediatric group (0.81 %). Applying these rates to the population as a whole, 1.8 million pediatric and 6.2 million young adult cases of missing teeth may be extant in Turkey.Conclusions: Making dental hygiene information available to all socioeconomic groups would require an initial outlay of expenses, but savings would be realized both from preventing lost work and school time and from avoiding t he need for prosthetic work in millions of Turkish citizens.

El propósito de este artículo es analizar el estado de la cuestión de la financiación de las Comunidades autónomas en España, y en particular, el sistema asimétrico de financiación de los entes subcentrales. La reciente jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de las Comunidades Europeas, junto a la Sentencia del Tribunal Superior de Justicia del País Vasco de 22 de diciembre de 2008, plantea nuevas cuestiones y retos para los regímenes forales en España. ; The purpose of this article is to analyse the present arrangements for financing devolved government in Spain and, specifically, to explain why there is such great asymmetry between the tax powers of the historic or foral autonomous communities. The recent case law of the European Court of Justice, together with the 22 december 2008 resolution of the Tribunal Superior de Justicia del País Vasco, following the «Azores case» poses new questions and challenges for the foral regimes in Spain. ; Este trabajo se enmarca en el Proyecto de investigación titulado «La Armonización de la imposición sobre Sociedades. Especial Atención a los fenómenos de armonización jurisprudencial y contable (NIC/NIIF)», financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (número de referencia SEJ2006-01159/JURI).

В конце 2013 г. Российская ассоциация политической науки провела в Москве Всероссийскую научную конференцию (с международным участием) «Власть, бизнес, гражданское общество в условиях модернизации России: институты, стратегии и практики политического взаимодействия», которая вызвала большой интерес среди 500 участников (членов РАПН и гостей). К конференции был приурочен сборник со 198 тезисами. На 3 пленарных заседаниях было заслушано 10 докладов. Состоялась презентация 5 новых книг, написанных исследовательскими комитетами РАПН или при их участии. Около 150 человек выступили на 9 секциях во время работы 22 сессий. Эта статья содержит квинтэссенцию основных выступлений.Russian Political Science Association at the end of the 2013 organized the Russian scientific conference (with international participation) «Government, business, civil society in Russia's modernization: institutions, strategies and practice of political cooperation», which was held in Moscow and was of interest for more than 500 persons (RAPS members and guests). The day before 198 theses were published. 10 persons made reports on the 3 plenary sessions. Five new books, which were issued under RAPS or with participation of RAPS exploratory committees, were presented. During the conference about 150 persons took part in 9 sections and 22 sessions. This article contains the quintessence of the main speeches.