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Innovation at a railway network operator depends on the decision-making processes in the daily work of operational professionals and staff. This paper is about innovative measures at a railway network operator, required to increase capacity on the railway network without investing in expensive infrastructural extensions. Using field observations and open interviews, the authors found out that project managers early on in the decision-making process limit their design space. The range of alternatives under study is limited to decrease the technical and social complexity. By doing so, project managers are able to realize a phased and sequential decision making process that leads to a working proof-of-concept. The solutions are only valid under highly restrictive assumptions. The uncertainty about the value of a solution once implemented in the total railway system therefore remains high and many innovation processes therefore end with the proof-of-concept. This studies' contribution to existing theory is the provision of an alternate explanation for the rigidity of railway systems and network-based infrastructures in general. Rather than incremental innovations as a result of political decision making in a network of interdependent actors with conflicting incentives, incremental innovations can also be a result of a more sequential and phased decision making processes as project managers purposefully decrease the technical and social complexity beforehand. ; Multi Actor Systems ; Technology, Policy and Management

The distribution of Particulate Matter in the atmosphere, resulting from emissions produced by cars, trucks, ships, industrial estates and agricultural complexes, is a topical public health problem that has increased in recent decades due to environmental factors in advanced economies in particular. This contribution relates the health impact caused by concentrations of Particulate Matter (PM) in ambient air to the PM standards, the size of the particles and spatial planning. Diverging impacts of PM standards in legal regulation are discussed. The authors present a review of the development of legal PM standards in the European Union, with a specific reference to The Netherlands. ; OTB Research Institute

This study examines the extent to which the Memorial Attribute Model accounts for the memorials posted on the Communication Research and Theory Network (CRTNET). Results show that the model's strength is its emphasis on the surrogacy function of memorials and the role that relationships between author and deceased play in illuminating the memorial content, length and author motivations. Colleagues are the most prolific authors of CRTNET memorials while 'colleague and friend' was the most frequent combination of author–deceased relationships indicated in the memorials. However, the model falls short of recognizing the prominence of expressing admiration and gratitude for the deceased above expression of grief, addressing unfinished business and treating the deceased as a social presence.

This thesis combines methods from sociology of literature and natural language processing to answer the questions: what is the relationship between author gender and the perceived literary quality of her work? And to what extent can textual qualities be ascribed to author gender? I first assess Dutch female authors' chances of gaining literary prestige. Even though female authors publish many literary works, they still have a harder time climbing the literary ladder. Results of the 2013 National Reader Survey mirror this skewness. Respondents were asked to supply ratings of literary quality, on a list of 401 recent, bestselling Dutch-language novels in several genres (the Riddle of Literary Quality corpus). Even within genre works by female authors' are judged to be of lesser quality, and 'feminine' novels are seen as the worst; formulaic detectives score better. Female author gender is not a conscious motivation, but analysis of respondents' motivations shows that instead, the text is associated with 'femaleness' - through genre, topics or style. Such associations lead to perception of lower literary quality. I then analyze the text of the novels themselves to examine to which extent such femaleness of text exists. First, computational analysis of the Riddle corpus indicates that author gender is too easily assumed to be the cause of text differences. Moreover, additional visualizations show that gender group differences are often caused by outliers. In the final chapters, I focus on a 'feminine' topic, attention to characters' physical appearance. I show that it is not exclusive to the genre of chick-lit, nor to female authors. In fact, male literary authors write most about physical appearance, in describing female love interests. This novel approach shows that female author gender is connected to the text differently than expected. By reading differently, literary quality can be judged separate from female author gender

This thesis combines methods from sociology of literature and natural language processing to answer the questions: what is the relationship between author gender and the perceived literary quality of her work? And to what extent can textual qualities be ascribed to author gender? I first assess Dutch female authors' chances of gaining literary prestige. Even though female authors publish many literary works, they still have a harder time climbing the literary ladder. Results of the 2013 National Reader Survey mirror this skewness. Respondents were asked to supply ratings of literary quality, on a list of 401 recent, bestselling Dutch-language novels in several genres (the Riddle of Literary Quality corpus). Even within genre works by female authors' are judged to be of lesser quality, and 'feminine' novels are seen as the worst; formulaic detectives score better. Female author gender is not a conscious motivation, but analysis of respondents' motivations shows that instead, the text is associated with 'femaleness' - through genre, topics or style. Such associations lead to perception of lower literary quality. I then analyze the text of the novels themselves to examine to which extent such femaleness of text exists. First, computational analysis of the Riddle corpus indicates that author gender is too easily assumed to be the cause of text differences. Moreover, additional visualizations show that gender group differences are often caused by outliers. In the final chapters, I focus on a 'feminine' topic, attention to characters' physical appearance. I show that it is not exclusive to the genre of chick-lit, nor to female authors. In fact, male literary authors write most about physical appearance, in describing female love interests. This novel approach shows that female author gender is connected to the text differently than expected. By reading differently, literary quality can be judged separate from female author gender

Volltext // 2013 digitalisiert von: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, München. Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- J.publ.e. 413 x-22/23

В основе речевой коммуникации человека лежит стремление к самовыра­жению, освоению и пониманию действительности, самого себя и других. Очевидно, что проблемы коммуникации актуальны как для устной речи, так и для письменной, в том числе выраженной в художественной форме. Исследование процессов коммуникации занимало центральное место в сфе­ре научных интересов русского психолога и философа Николая Ивановича Жинкина. Будучи специалистом в области психологии мышления и речи, он предложил оригинальный подход к изучению текста как целостного пси­холингвистического явления. Для осмысления проблем взаимодействия между интеллектом, речью и языком он вводит понятие универсального предметного кода (УПК), который позволяет преобразовывать мысли в зна­ки сначала во внутренней речи, а затем во внешней. Н.И. Жинкин был не только выдающимся теоретиком, но и практиком. Он хорошо знал про­блемы современного образования, поэтому во многих его научных работах содержатся рекомендации для педагогов (в том числе по развитию устной и письменной речи школьников, формированию навыков выразительного чтения и др.). В статье психолингвистическая концепция Н.И. Жинкина бу­дет рассмотрена применительно к проблеме коммуникативного взаимодей­ствия читателя с художественным текстом, а также будет выявлено ее прак­тическое значение для современной философии образования.

The article discusses linguistic methods for determining the images of authors of scientific texts. The theoretical basis of the study is a typology of points of view reflected in the text. The research method consists in detecting implicatures in the content of the text and determining their relationship to the author's intentions. The image of the author is derived on the basis of the assessments, language means and the stated facts contained in the text. On the basis of implicatures, the content of which does not contradict the author's intentions, his intentional image is derived. In the presence of implicatures, which most likely do not correspond to the author's intentions, the perceptual image of the author is determined.

Review of Judith May Fathallah. Fanfiction and the author: How fanfic changes popular cultural texts. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2017, hardcover, €99 (234p) ISBN 978-90-8964-995-9, eISBN 978-90-485-2908-7.

[First paragraph of Introduction]: Until recently the discipline of Public Administration, and the Social Sciences more generally, have been remarkably silent about the role of nonprofit organizations in the provision of 'public services' and their contribution toward public benefit. In fact, an understanding of the place which nonprofit organizations play within society has been an ignored subject matter; the state of affairs is such that one commentator has tellingly referred to the voluntary realm as the "invisible sector" (Hall 1997: 74). Keywords: CVSS, Centre for Voluntary Sector Studies, Working Paper Series,TRSM, Ted Rogers School of Management Citation: ; Evans, B. M. & Shields, J. (2000). Neoliberal restructuring and the third sector: reshaping governance, civil society and local relations. (Working paper Volume 2000(1)). Toronto : Ted Rogers School of Management, Centre for Volunteer Sector Studies, Ryerson University.

Frontmatter -- Vorwort -- Inhaltsverzeichnis -- Abkürzungen -- Überblick -- Börsengesetz -- I. Allgemeine Bestimmungen über die Börsen und deren Organe -- II. Feststellung des Börsenpreises und Maklerwesen -- III. Zulassung von Wertpapieren zum Börsenhandel -- IV. Börsenterminhandel -- V. Ordnungsstrafverfahren -- VI. Straf- und Schlußbestimmungen -- Anhang -- A. Bestimmungen für das Reich -- Anlage 1. Bekanntmachung, betreffend die Zulassung von Wertpapieren zum Börsenhandel -- Anlage 2. Bekanntmachung, betreffend die Feststellung des Börsenpreises von Wertpapieren -- Anlage 3. Verzeichnis der Gesellschaften, in deren Anteilen der Bundesrat gemäß § 63 BörsG. Börsentermingeschäfte genehmigt hat -- B. Bestimmungen für Preußen -- Anlage 4. Bestimmungen über die Bestellung und Entlassung der Kursmakler -- Anlage 5. Bestimmungen über das Ordnungsstrafverfahren wegen verbotenen Börsenterminhandels -- C. Bestimmungen für Berlin -- Anlage 6. Börsenordnung für Berlin -- Anlage 7. Maklerordnung für die Kursmakler an der Berliner Börse -- Anlage 8. Bedingungen für die Geschäfte an der Berliner Fondsbörse -- Anlage 9. Bekanntmachung, betreffend die Geschäftsbedingungen der Produktenbörse zu Berlin für den Zeithandel in Getreide und Mehl -- Anlage 10. Schlußnoten für Zeitgeschäfte in Roggen, Weizen, Hafer, Mais und Roggenmehl -- Anlage 11. Schlußnote für Termingeschäfte in Kupfer -- Sachregister -- Front Matter 2 -- Guttentagsche Sammlung Deutscher Reichsgesetze -- Guttentagsche Sammlung Preußischer Gesetze -- Guttentagsche Sammlung von Textausgaben mit Sachregister ohne Anmerkungen -- Z. Gutteutag, Verlagsbuchhandlung, G.m.b.H. in Berlin W10 -- Schlagwort-Register

Engl. Zsfassung u.d.T.: 1941 June uprising