Suchergebnisse

The Draft Law on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Strengthening Protection of Rights to Trademarks and Industrial Designsand Combating Patent Trolling N 2258 of October 11, 2019 provides for changes in the interpretation of the scope of rights for an industrial design. According to the proposed changes, the scope of rights for a registered industrial design is supplemented by the following: the scope of legal protection of an industrial design includes any other industrialdesign that does not make an disparate general impression on the informed user. To determine the scope of legal protection, the degree of freedom of the author (designer) is taken into account during the creation of an industrial design. The degree of freedom of the author is a new criterion that must be taken into account when determining the scope of rights to assess the individual character of an industrial design.The degree of freedom of the author is determined by Council Regulation (EC) No 6/2002 of 12 December 2001 on Community designs (Section 2, Article 10 of the Regulation). The definition of this criterion and its impact on the scope of rights depends on the design techniques adopted in the industry in which the product can be used, the appearance of which is the subject of an industrial design, i.e. depends on the nature and purpose of the product. The degree of freedom of the author, as a rule, is limited to the elements of the product, the appearance of which is due to technical and functional requirements. The list of elements of an industrial design, which form the general impression, depends on a certain degree of freedom of the author. Given that this criterion is completely new in thenational legislation on the protection of rights to an industrial design and requires certain approaches to its definition, it is appropriate to review the case law of the European Union in the field of protection of design rights.The main purpose of this article is to analyze this practice to determine a degree of freedom of the author for industrial designsbelonging to different type and for different purposes, as well as the impact of a certain degree of freedom of the author on the overall impression for the informed user. ; Осуществлен краткий анализ судебной практики ЕС на предмет определения степени свободы автора для промышленных образцов, а также влияния степени свободы автора на общее впечатление для информированного пользователя. В статье использованы общедоступные базы данных судебных решений ЕС. Анализ включает краткий обзор сути дела с акцентом на определение степени свободы автора. ; Здійснено короткий аналіз судової практики ЄС на предмет визначення ступеня свободи автора для промислових зразків, а також впливу визначеного ступеня свободи автора на загальне враження для інформованого користувача. Для аналізу в статті використано загальнодоступні бази даних рішень Апеляційної ради EUIPO та СудуЄвропейського Союзу, а також публікації європейських патентних фірм, що практикують у галузі охорони прав інтелектуальної власності. Аналіз включає короткий огляд суті справи з акцентом на визначення ступеня свободи автора та його впливу на кінцеве рішення.

The Draft Law on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on Strengthening Protection of Rights to Trademarks and Industrial Designsand Combating Patent Trolling N 2258 of October 11, 2019 provides for changes in the interpretation of the scope of rights for an industrial design. According to the proposed changes, the scope of rights for a registered industrial design is supplemented by the following: the scope of legal protection of an industrial design includes any other industrialdesign that does not make an disparate general impression on the informed user. To determine the scope of legal protection, the degree of freedom of the author (designer) is taken into account during the creation of an industrial design. The degree of freedom of the author is a new criterion that must be taken into account when determining the scope of rights to assess the individual character of an industrial design.The degree of freedom of the author is determined by Council Regulation (EC) No 6/2002 of 12 December 2001 on Community designs (Section 2, Article 10 of the Regulation). The definition of this criterion and its impact on the scope of rights depends on the design techniques adopted in the industry in which the product can be used, the appearance of which is the subject of an industrial design, i.e. depends on the nature and purpose of the product. The degree of freedom of the author, as a rule, is limited to the elements of the product, the appearance of which is due to technical and functional requirements. The list of elements of an industrial design, which form the general impression, depends on a certain degree of freedom of the author. Given that this criterion is completely new in thenational legislation on the protection of rights to an industrial design and requires certain approaches to its definition, it is appropriate to review the case law of the European Union in the field of protection of design rights.The main purpose of this article is to analyze this practice to determine a degree of freedom of the author for industrial designsbelonging to different type and for different purposes, as well as the impact of a certain degree of freedom of the author on the overall impression for the informed user. ; Осуществлен краткий анализ судебной практики ЕС на предмет определения степени свободы автора для промышленных образцов, а также влияния степени свободы автора на общее впечатление для информированного пользователя. В статье использованы общедоступные базы данных судебных решений ЕС. Анализ включает краткий обзор сути дела с акцентом на определение степени свободы автора. ; Здійснено короткий аналіз судової практики ЄС на предмет визначення ступеня свободи автора для промислових зразків, а також впливу визначеного ступеня свободи автора на загальне враження для інформованого користувача. Для аналізу в статті використано загальнодоступні бази даних рішень Апеляційної ради EUIPO та СудуЄвропейського Союзу, а також публікації європейських патентних фірм, що практикують у галузі охорони прав інтелектуальної власності. Аналіз включає короткий огляд суті справи з акцентом на визначення ступеня свободи автора та його впливу на кінцеве рішення.

Shipping list no.: 2014-0273-P. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Shipping list number: 2014-0166-P. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Mode of access: Internet. ; Port. a dos tintas. ; Error de pag., de p. 636 pasa a 647.

Экономические интересы определяются потребностями и правами каждого владельца. Степень, возможности реализации экономических интересов каждого владельца зависят от состава участников отношения, от глубины столкновения их интересов, от прав сторон на интеллектуальный продукт. Экономические интересы владельцев объектов интеллектуальной собственности сталкиваются в хозяйственной деятельности, в своем взаимодействии образуя экономические отношения. В статье рассмотрены наиболее типичные, часто возникающие экономические отношения: между автором и государством, как заказчиком и структурой; между автором и предприятием-работодателем; между предприятием работодателем (исполнителем) и государством-заказчиком. Было выявлено, что в большей степени реализуются интересы государства, это объясняется наличием у него более широкого круга прав. Степень реализации экономических интересов во взаимоотношениях работодателя и авторов зависит от прав сторон, и от условий заключаемого между ними договора. Отмечено, что вопросы регулирования отношений между автором и его работодателем при создании служебных изобретений до настоящего времени четко не определены законодательством. Поэтому необходима проработка законодательных актов при учете интересов, как работодателя, так и автора объекта интеллектуальной собственности. Сделан вывод, что в настоящее время в государстве, в целом, большая часть экономических интересов владельцев объектов реализуется. Так как согласование и реализация как можно большего числа экономических интересов выгодна всем сторонам (владельцам), это создает возможности для дальнейшего развития интеллектуальной деятельности авторов, применения новых объектов в работе предприятия, в целом государства, а значит и выхода страны на новый, высокий уровень развития научной и производственной сферах. ; The requirements and the rights of each owner define economic interests. Degree, possibilities of realization of economic interests of each owner depend on the list of participants of the relation, on depth of collision of their interests, on the rights of the parties for an intellectual product. Economic interests of owners of intellectual property items face in economic activity, in the interaction forming the economic relations. In article the authors considered the most typical, often arising economic relations: between the author and the state, as the customer and structure; between the author and the enterprise employer; between the enterprise, the employer (performer) and the state customer. The authors revealed that interests of the state more realize because of presence of more wide range of the rights at it. Extent of realization of economic interests in relationship of the employer and authors depends on the rights of the parties, and on conditions of the contract signed between them. The authors noted that the legislation didn't define the questions of regulation of the relations between the author and his employer during creation of office inventions so far. Therefore study of acts is necessary, at the accounting of interests, both the employer, and the author of an intellectual property item. The authors came to a conclusion that now, in general, the most part of economic interests of owners of objects realize in the state. As coordination and realization the bigger number of economic interests, is favorable to all parties (owners), it creates opportunities for further development of intellectual activity of authors, applications of new objects in work of the enterprise, in general the states, so and a country exit to the new, high level of development scientific and production spheres.

Este artículo realiza un análisis interdisciplinar acerca de un mediador intercultural colombiano de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Álvaro Ulcué Chocué fue, al mismo tiempo, un intelectual, un participante del movimiento indígena y un sacerdote católico. Esta ambigüedad, que para muchos nublaría su trayectoria, representa su riqueza como actor de la agitada vida política de las décadas de 1970 y 1980. Una aproximación al contexto político, social y cultural, de estos años, nos permitirá redimensionar los escasos registros que existen sobre la vida de Ulcué. A través de la revisión de bibliografía secundaria, y de algunos documentos autoría del intelectual estudiado, proponemos que en su trayectoria pueden leerse elementos reveladores para entender el devenir político colombiano en décadas recientes. ; This article attempts an interdisciplinary approach to a Colombian intercultural mediator from the second half of the 20th century. Álvaro Ulcué was, simultaneously, an intellectual, a participant of the indigenous movement and a Catholic priest; this ambiguity, which many thought would cloud his career, represents his richness as an actor in the hectic political life of the 1970s and 1980s. An approach to the political, social and cultural context of these years will allow us to reinterpret the few records that exist about the life of Ulcué. By reviewing secondary bibliography and documents written by Ulcué himself, we propose that an analysis of his trajectory provides elements to understand the Colombian political life in recent decades.

El presente artículo analiza cómo el surgimiento de un Kurdistán independiente representó una amenaza para la seguridad societal de los grupos minoritarios que habitan en el norte de Irak. Para lo cual, aborda el caso de la provincia de Nínive (Irak), en donde el Gobierno Regional del Kurdistán (GRK) implementó políticas de asimilación, cooptación e intimidación para garantizar el apoyo de las minorías a su proyecto independentista. Además, explora cómo la aparición del Estado Islámico fue un factor relevante para el aumento del poder kurdo en la región. Finalmente, se examinan algunos escenarios que enfrentan los kurdos tras el fin del autoproclamado califato. Se concluye que el proyecto de un Kurdistán independiente representa un escenario conflictivo e inestable tanto para los Estados de la región —que tienen una importante población kurda— como para los diferentes grupos societales, en especial, del norte de Irak. ; The herein article discusses how the emergence of an independent Kurdistan represented a threat to the societal security of minority groups living in the Northern of Iraq. For this purpose, it deals with the case of the province of Nineveh, where the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) implemented policies of assimilation, co-option and intimidation to ensure the support of minorities to their independence project. In addition, it explores how the emergence of the Islamic State was an important factor for the increase of Kurdish power in the region. Finally, it examines some scenarios faced by Kurds since the end of the self-proclaimed Caliphate. It is concluded that the project of an independent Kurdistan represents a conflicting and unstable scenario for both the States in the region—which have a large Kurdish population—and the different societal groups, especially from northern Iraq.

Статья посвящена правовым аспектам выплаты вознаграждения авторам служебных результатов интеллектуальной деятельности. Анализируется правовая природа права автора на вознаграждение, освещаются основные проблемы, связанные с правовым регулированием указанной сферы. В статье приводятся мнения специалистов, высказываемые в литературе по спорным вопросам, позиция судов по некоторым из них, а также рассматриваются планируемые изменения в законодательство. ; The article focuses on legal aspects of remuneration of the authors of employee's results of intellectual activity. The legal nature of the right to remuneration and basic regulative problems are considered. The competitive views on some disputable questions expressed by scholars, and position of the courts on these issues are analyzed. Amendments proposed to current legislation are discussed in the article.

From the advent of Grid technology - as the new paradigm of distributed computing - to the current days of Cloud computing models, the continuous need of new tools and services to match the scientific community requirements has been addressed in Europe through dedicated software development projects for e-Infrastructure creation, operation and management. This work presents the most signi cant software quality breakthroughs obtained in one of such projects, INDIGO-DataCloud, the main challenges and barriers confronted throughout the lifespan of the project, and how they were partially or totally overcome. The knowledge base established throughout the last 15 years of diverse software development initiatives in Europe for sustaining distributed research e-Infrastructures, supported by the advances in the area of software engineering, de nitely contributed to improve the quality and reliability of the software delivered, and consequently, the operational stability of the European e-Infrastructures. INDIGO-DataCloud project is a good evidence of such insights, where, unlike the preceding trend found in past projects, the enforcement of Software Quality Assurance practices has been present since the very early stages of the software lifecycle. ; DataGrid - Research and Technological Development for an International Data Grid project has received funding from the European Union's Fifth Framework Programme under grant agreement IST-2000-25182E. EGEE - Enabling grids For E-science project has received funding from the European Union's Sixth Framework Programme under grant agreement INFSO-RI-508833. EGEE - Enabling grids For E-science-II project has received funding from the European Union's Sixth Framework Programme under grant agreement INFSORI031688. EGEE - Enabling grids For E-science-III project has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement INFSO-RI-222667. ETICS - E-Infrastructure for Testing, Integration and Configuration of Software project has received funding from the European Union's Sixth Framework Programme under grant agreement INFSO-RI-026753. ETICS - E-Infrastructure for Testing, Integration and Configuration of Software - Phase 2 project has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement INFSO-RI-223782. EGI-InSPIRE - European Grid Initiative: Integrated Sustainable Pan-European Infrastructure for Researchers in Europe project has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement INFSO-RI-261323. EGI-Engage project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement RIA-654142. INDIGO-DataCloud project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement RIA- 653549. ; Peer reviewed