Suchergebnisse

DER INTERNATIONALE NACHRICHTENVERKEHR UND DER KRIEG Der internationale Nachrichtenverkehr und der Krieg ( - ) Einband ( - ) [Exlibris]: ( - ) Titelseite ([1]) Impressum ([2]) Der internationale Nachrichtenverkehr und der Krieg. (3) [Werbung]: ( - ) [Werbung]: ( - ) Einband ( - )

Trotz intensiver internationaler Geschäftstätigkeit vieler Unternehmen existierte lange kein in sich geschlossenes System zur internationalen Gewinnabgrenzung zwischen Stammhaus und Betriebstätte. Die gegebene Diskrepanz führte zu beträchtlichen Widersprüchen, verbunden mit der Gefahr von Doppelbesteuerungsproblemen. Die aktuellen Vorgaben verschiedener supranationaler Organisationen zur Lösung dieser Probleme werfen bei der Umsetzung zahlreiche hochkomplexe Zweifelsfragen auf.Welche Konsequenzen sich aus den nationalen und internationalen Reformen bzw. Reformbestrebungen ergeben, erläutert Steffen Heyd erstmals im Detail. Er präsentiert einen systematischen Überblick und analysiert - bestehende nationale und abkommensrechtliche Gewinnabgrenzungsgrundsätze und -vor schriften hinsichtlich des Güter- und Leistungsaustauschs zwischen Stammhaus und Betriebstätte,- Implikationen des europäischen Gemeinschaftsrechts,- Folgewirkungen einer formelhaften Gewinnabgrenzung als Alternativmodell.Der Verfasser beschränkt sich nicht auf eine reine Problemidentifikation, sondern gibt konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen für eine Neugestaltung wichtiger nationaler Rechtsnormen im Kontext der internationalen Gewinnabgrenzung.

The UN Charter and the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties require interpreting treaties and settling international disputes "in conformity with the principles of justice and international law." This contribution discusses procedural and substantive principles of justice which the international judge may take into account in interpreting international economic agreements. The "sovereign equality of states" underlying the "international law of coexistence" as well as the "international law of intergovernmental cooperation" must be interpreted in conformity with the universal recognition of human dignity as a source of inalienable human rights. The universal recognition of economic and social human rights further requires taking into account solidarity principles, as proposed also by the sociological approach to international law. The constitutional structures and citizen-oriented functions of the law of international economic organizations liberalizing and regulating mutually beneficial market transactions among citizens require judges to engage in a careful balancing of state-centered and citizen-oriented principles of international law, including respect for the emerging human right to democratic decision-making. This modern "international integration law" and the increasing number of "international constitutional rules" promote the reconciliation of the various state-centered approaches, human rights approaches, sociological approaches and policy-approaches to international law as a system not only of international rules and "legal pluralism" but also of constitutionally limited decision-making processes and struggles for human rights.

The ninth Plenipotentiary Conference of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) took place in Montreux, Switzerland, between September 14 and November 12, 1965, under the chairmanship of Gustav-Adolf Wettstein (Switzerland). The main task of the Conference was the revision of the previous Convention, drawn up by the preceding Plenipotentiary Conference in Geneva in 1959. The new Convention was to enter into force on January 1, 1967. In one of its major decisions the Conference agreed in principle on a Constitutional Charter eventually to replace the Convention, and it instructed the Administrative Council to set up a study group to prepare the draft of such a charter in sufficient time for it to be distributed at least one year prior to the next Conference, scheduled to be held in 1971. The Conference approved the Union's accounts for the years 1959–1964 and fixed the limits of expenditure for the period 1966–1971, providing for slight annual increases in this expenditure. It also approved the purchase of the new headquarters building by December 31, 1965.

The Annual Report of the Executive Directors of the International Monetary Fund for the fiscal year ended April 30, 1958, was transmitted to the Chairman of the Board of Governors on July 25, 1958. In its discussion of the economic climate of 1957–1958, the report noted that at the beginning of 1957, the world economy was still dominated by boom conditions generated by an intense world-wide wave of private and public investment which was reflected in a large demand for capital. Most of the payments problems that called for treatment during the first three-quarters of the year had their origin in the inflationary methods which were often used to satisfy this demand, and there was a dearth of loanable funds and a growing tension in the money markets. The financial problems that presented themselves in this situation were greatly intensified early in 1957 by the temporary effects of the tensions that arose in connection with the Suez events and, later in the year, by speculative movements against certain European currencies.

The 137th session of the Governing Body of the International Labor Organization (ILO) was held in Geneva from October 29 to November 1, 1957, under the chairmanship of E. Calderon Puig. The Governing Body devoted three sittings to the consideration of matters concerning freedom of association, in connection with which it received from the Director-General a report on the establishment of machinery to determine the facts relating to freedom of association in ILO member states. The report contained proposals to strengthen ILO methods of promoting respect for freedom of association under regular constitutional machinery through factual inquiries and the establishment of independent machinery for the adjustment of disputes. Several members of the Governing Body felt that prior to forming the proposed body the definition of freedom of association would require clarification, while others felt that the tripartite principle should be introduced into the suggested independent commission or that a body representing the Governing Body should be installed between the commission and the Governing Body.

The eighth annual report of the International Labor Organization to the United Nations noted that certain projects, although desirable, had had to be deferred or eliminated from the 1955 program and budget for financial reasons. A number of periodical technical meetings which would ordinarily have been held in 1955 had had to be postponed, and certain ILO projects under the Expanded Program of Technical Assistance as well as a number of ILO field activities financed under the regular budget had been also adversely affected by the shortage of funds. The first chapter of the report dealt with major developments in the work of ILO in 1953 and the early part of 1954; these lay in the fields of productivity, wages and housing in underdeveloped areas, workers in non-metropolitan territories, indigenous workers in independent countries, agricultural labor including plantation workers, and national labor departments. The second chapter of the report summarized the semi-continuous activities of ILO in such fields as occupational safety and health, manpower, and statistics.