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This article discusses the responsibilities of legal scholars to make their published works openly accessible through the Internet, within the context of efforts to increase free and open access to legal information, and to improve access to scholarly literature in other disciplines. The article also considers the roles and responsibilities of the institutions that support the creation and communication of legal scholarship for improving access to legal information.

This article examines legal and institutional aspects of the evolution of China's approach to the dispute settlement mechanism of the World Trade Organization (WTO). It begins by analyzing the impact of China's changing attitude toward international law on the escalation of international economic law research. In particular, the article provides the first detailed examination of China's efforts to strengthen public–private cooperation in building its WTO legal capacity. China established think tanks to bridge the information and communication gaps between the government and industries. To develop its WTO lawyers, the Chinese government has consistently required international law firms to collaborate with domestic firms in major disputes and engaged the latter in third-party cases. Finally, the article evaluates China's assertive legalism strategy that enhances its recent participation in WTO rule-making and disputes against the US and the European Union. This research, therefore, provides a valuable case study for other emerging economies and the multilateral trading system.

Memory, witnesses, and international criminal institutions -- Conceptualising the way legal witnesses remember mass human rights violations -- The discursive battleground of legal witnessing, or, the active witness and their 'right to truth' -- Memories of violence and the limitations of law -- Critiquing liberal legality and collective memory -- Fragments of legal memories.

The huge amount of work accidents in Peru has not produced the implementation of policies aimed at reducing occupational accidents rates. Not only that, there is a certain passivity with informal business and persons who break the law, even when it creates risks to workers' lives. Criminal Law is the best example, because criminal rules do not apply in fact. We have a symbolic norm; that means a situation that counteracts the preventive effect of Criminal Law. In other words, the legislator has weakened non-criminal instances excluding punishment even for the most serious behaviors in which workers' lives are endangered. In this context, compliance programs play a big role in labor risk prevention and, therefore, in the reduction of criminal rates. ; El elevado número de accidentes de trabajo en el Perú, contra lo que se pudiere pensar, no ha generado de parte del Estado la implementación de una política dirigida a la reducción de tales índices de siniestralidad laboral. Por el contrario, se aprecia cierta condescendencia con actividades en las que impera la informalidad, así como el incumplimiento de las normas más elementales para la prevención de riesgos laborales. La intervención del derecho penal constituye la muestra más evidente de esto, pues el delito que en nuestro ordenamiento sanciona la puesta en peligro de la vida y salud de los trabajadores —por no observar las normas sobre seguridad en el trabajo— carece de eficacia real alguna. Estamos ante el más claro ejemplo de una norma simbólica, situación que contrarresta el efecto preventivo del derecho penal. En otras palabras, el legislador, más que reforzar, ha conseguido debilitar las instancias de control extrapenal al excluir la sanción penal incluso para los comportamientos más graves en los que se pone en peligro la vida e integridad de los trabajadores. En este escenario, se afirma la importancia de los programas de cumplimiento (compliance) no solo en la reducción de los índices de siniestralidad laboral, sino también en la disminución de la criminalidad.

Finalist for the National Book Award: A fascinating history of Anglo-American law from one of its most important practitioners What do the thoughts of a ravenous tiger have to do with the evolution of America's legal system? How do the works of Jane Austen and Ludwig van Beethoven relate to corporal punishment? In The Law of the Land, Charles Rembar examines these and many other topics, illustrating the surprisingly entertaining history of US law. Best known for his passionate efforts to protect literature, including Lady Chatterley's Lover, from censorship laws, Rembar offers an exciting lo

The paper analyzes the approaches to establishing criminal liability for bribery during the Soviet period of the Russian state. The novelty lies in the fact that this research is one of the few studies that focuses on penalization and differentiation of criminal liability. The judicial practice of this historical period is analyzed, and the relevant statistics are presented. The author notes the anti-bribery activity conducted throughout the entire Soviet state. Laws and regulations being in force in the above-mentioned period are discussed. The paper identifies the evolving approaches to differentiation of liability for bribery and its penalization in criminal law. It is concluded that many provisions of the amended Soviet law are reflected in the current Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The paper reveals the aspects of penalization and differentiation of criminal liability for bribery in the Soviet period and determines the reasons for the ineffective fight against corruption offences at this historical stage.

Drawing on philosophical pragmatism, the author formulates a framework for a realistic approach to socio-legal theory. The strengths of this approach are contrasted with that of the major schools of socio-legal theory by application to core issues in this area.

Petty Justice examines the role of justices of the peace and other front-line low law officials like customs officers and deputy land surveyors in colonial local government.

Theoretical framework for the voices project / Clíona de Bhailís /Project methodology and background / Eilionoir Flynn -- Introduction to criminal responsibility / Anna arstein-kerslake -- Going to pot : Nick's journey through the criminal justice system / Nicholas Clarke, Chloe Hocking, and Nell Munro -- Questions of criminal culpability and persons with disabilities / Amita Dhanda and Gabor Gombos -- Conclusion : criminal responsibility / Anna Arstein-Kerslake -- Introduction to contractual capacity / Clíona de Bhailís -- I have the strength to speak up for myself : Nikona nguvu ya kujiongelelea / Joy Rehema and Emer O'Shea -- Silenced, alone, powerless : my life as a ward of court in Ireland / Claire Hendrick and Donna MC Namara -- "The law is very complicated" / Dermot Lowndes and Jan Strnad -- Travel and dementia : one story, many rights / Helen Rochford Brennan and Moira Jenkins -- Consumer law, contracts & support : I had one dream to buy a simple smartphone / Marieta Petrova and Aylin Yumerova -- From institutional life to home ownership : a personal story demonstrating the power of support to enable the exercise of legal capacity / Paul Alford and Michelle Browning -- Conclusion : contractual capacity / Clíona de Bhailís -- Introduction to relationships and consent to sex / María Laura Serra -- Marriage and intellectual disability in Ireland : my sister is married, why can't I get married? / Maria Mahony and Sarah Richardson -- Dreaming of traveling, dreaming of freedom : relationships and the right to support / Ronnie Harris and Jana Offergeld -- Conclusion : relationships and consent to sex / María Laura Serra -- Introduction to consent to medical treatment / Eilionóir Flynn -- This is not a story : from ethical loneliness to respect for diverse ways of knowing, thinking, and being / Cath Roper and Piers Gooding -- Getting sucked out of that black hole termed India's legal mental health machinery / Lavanya Seshayee and Maths Jesperson -- Consent is more than just yes or no / Fiona Anderson and Bo Chen -- The humour in my tumour : respecting legal capacity in health care decision making / Reshma Vallippan and Roxanne Mykitiuk -- Conclusion : consent to medical treatment / Eilionóir Flynn -- Freedom : a work in progress / Rusi Stanev and Sheila Wildeman -- Overall conclusion / Eilionóir Flynn