Suchergebnisse

The "One Health" approach has found its way into political processes at various levels. The reason for this is the increased occurrence of zoonoses, i.e. infectious diseases that can be reciprocally transmitted between animals and humans. One Health is located at the intersection of human, animal, and ecosystem health on the one hand and calls for trans-sectoral solutions on the other. Numerous substantive issues beleaguer the practical design of the One Health approach as well as its implementation by the World Health Organization (WHO), regional institutions, and states. One Health is currently being addressed in three contexts in particular: in the negotiations on the pandemic treaty, in the EU's Global Health Strategy, and in the German government's strategy on global health. (author's abstract)

In Just Health, Norman Daniels makes a strong argument for obligations of mutual assistance to fulfill the right to health at the national level and challenges readers to develop arguments supporting obligations of mutual assistance at the global level. In this paper, we argue that there is global responsibility for global health and that there are obligations of justice (beyond charity) to help fulfill (not merely respect or even protect) the right to health in other countries; these we call obligations of global health justice. We show how international human rights law affirms obligations of global health justice beyond national obligations and beyond obligations of charity and assert that the human rights approach provides guidance on delineating the relationship between national and global responsibility for fulfilling the core obligations that arise from socioeconomic human rights and addressing global health inequities. We further argue that new ways of providing international assistance, originating from the global HIV/AIDS response, demonstrate the feasibility of improving health outcomes through exogenous efforts and that obligations of global health justice thus carry much weight: the weight of lives not saved. The global response to the HIV/AIDS pandemic has led to the emergence of a new international health assistance paradigm, and the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria is, we suggest, an embryonic form of this new paradigm. We conclude that agreements on several common parameters delineating global and national responsibility for global health can advance the movement towards a global institution for the distribution of health-related goods. Adapted from the source document.

Intro -- Reviewers -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Tables, Figures, and Boxes -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Scale Up Existing Interventions to Achieve Significant Health Gains -- 3 Generate and Share Knowledge to Address Health Problems Endemic to the Global Poor -- 4 Invest in People, Institutions, and Capacity Building with Global Partners -- 5 Increase U.S. Financial Commitments to Global Health -- 6 Set the Example of Engaging in Respectful Partnerships -- 7 Call to Action -- Appendix A: Statement of Task -- Appendix B: Committee Biographies -- Appendix C: Public Committee Meeting Agendas -- Appendix D: Working Group Meeting Agendas -- Appendix E: Commissioned Paper: Global Health Governance Report--Lawrence O. Gostin and Emily A. Mok -- Appendix F: Commissioned Paper: Sharing Knowledge for Global Health--Anthony D. So and Evan Stewart.

Haeok Lee, PhD, RN, FAAN who is a Korean-American nurse scientist, received her doctor al degree from the Nursing Physiology Department, College of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), in 1993, and her post doctor al training from College of Medicine, UCSF. Dr. Lee worked at Case Western Reserve University and University of Colorado Health Sciences Center. She has worked at the UMass Boston since 2008. Dr. Lee has established a long-term commitment to minority health, especially Asian American Pacific Islanders, as a community leader, community health educator, and community researcher, and all these services have become a foundation for her community-based participatory research. Dr. Lee's research addresses current health problems framed in the context of social, political, and economic settings, and her studies have improved racial and ethnic data and developed national health policies to address health disparities in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections and liver cancer among minorities. Dr. Lee's research, which is noteworthy for its theoretical base, is clearly filling the gap. Especially, Dr. Lee's research is beginning to have a favorable impact on national and international health policies and continuing education programs directed toward the global elimination of cervical and liver cancer-related health disparities in underserved and understudied populations.

Background: Global Health Leadership (GHL) programs are essential for training emerging health care professionals to be effective leaders. Synthesizing knowledge acquired through experience implementing GHL programs can inform future recommendations for GHL.Objective: To describe the lessons learned, highlighting gaps, challenges and opportunities, during implementation of two GHL capacity building programs, namely the Afya Bora Consortium Fellowship in Global Health Leadership and the Sustaining Technical and Analytic Resources (STAR) fellowship and internship program for global health professionals.Methods: A mixed methods case-comparison study was conducted, using qualitative data (expert opinion) collected from the Program Directors in order to understand the experiences of the two GHL programs. A structured response guide was used to assess the overall experience in GHL program implementation, operational challenges and reported gaps. Afya Bora and STAR have been implemented for 8 and 2.5 years respectively. Thus, the analysis reflects a snapshot of the two programs at different stages.Findings: The results reflect knowledge gained through extensive experience in implementing the two GHL programs. Afya Bora has trained 188 multi-disciplinary fellows, and 100% of the African fellows are engaged in leadership positions in government departments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in their countries. STAR has placed 147 participants (89 fellows and 58 interns) in more than 25 countries globally. Both programs were successful in strengthening south-south and north-south collaborations for a common goal of improving global health. Implementation of both fellowships identified room for improvement in operational procedures and financing of the programs, and highlighted knowledge and skills gaps, as well as challenges in sustainability of the training programs.Conclusions: Afya Bora and STAR have had significant impact and have contributed to changing the leadership landscape in global health. Future GHL programs should address sustainability in terms of financing, delivery modalities and domestic integration of knowledge.