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En octobre 2007, le service d'évaluation médico-économique et de santé publique de la Haute Autorité de Santé a sollicité l'organisation d'un groupe de travail pour envisager la manière dont la sociologie pourrait contribuer aux travaux d'évaluation. Ce groupe de travail s'est réuni à huit reprises entre novembre 2007 et novembre 2008. Composé de sociologues, d'autres experts en sciences sociales (sciences politiques,anthropologie, économie) et de spécialistes en santé publique, il s'est attaché à cerner les dimensions sociologiques les plus pertinentes pour aborder les aspects sociaux de l'évaluation. [Premières lignes]

Introduction. Today, most people own smartphones, which fit into their pockets and are more powerful than the first supercomputers, and which they can use to communicate, stream music or measure their pulse. There is no end in sight to this rapid technological development. This also applies to the rapidly growing volume of health-related data. Objectives: In doctor's practices, medical data, such as medical history, blood test results and diagnostic findings, are recorded directly in the computer system. In biomedical research entire genomes, for example those of malignant tumors, are sequenced almost routinely and are also stored and processed electronically. And, more and more people are themselves using smartphone apps, wearables and in future perhaps also implanted biosensors for continuously measuring their blood pressure, blood sugar levels and pulse. Methodology: In qualitative social research, there are only a few approaches that involve a detailed explanation and systematization of the typology process. As the concept of type is of central importance for qualitative social research, it is crucial to clarify the concept and the process of typology, as presented by Kluge in her essay published in the FQM (Forum for Qualitative Social Research). In the evaluation of secondary data from the KBV (National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians), the methodology of this approach is based on the procedure of typology development according to Kluge (2000), with the aim of demonstrating a systematic and transparent development of types and typologies in the digitization process.

THIS PAPER ATTEMPTS TO UNDERSTAND THE MAIN LINES OF EMPHASIS IN THE RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF INSTITUTIONS CONCERNED WITH HUMAN RIGHTS EDUCATION AND RESEARCH IN LATIN AMERICA. A SOUNDLY BASED IDEA OF WHAT IS MEANT BY "EDUCATION" IS NECESSARY, AS WELL AS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE PARTICULAR SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, POLITICAL AND CULTURAL CONTEXT IN LATIN AMERICA.

"This volume illuminates how families and the communities in which they are enmeshed negotiate everyday lives with the social, cultural, economic, and political resources available to them. It provides an excellent example of how anthropology matters to our understanding of the contemporary world and its global restructuring." -- Karen Tranberg Hansen, Northwestern UniversityGlobalization is not only a large-scale phenomenon: it is also inextricably bound up with intimate aspects of personhood, care, and

While the value of early detection of dementia is largely agreed upon, population-based screening as a means of early detection is controversial. This controversial status means that such screening is not recommended in most national dementia plans. Some current practices, however, resemble screening but are labelled "case-finding" or "detection of cognitive impairment". Labelled as such, they may avoid the ethical scrutiny that population-based screening may be subject to. This article examines conceptualizations of screening and case-finding. It shows how the definitions and delimitations of the concepts (the what of screening) are drawn into the ethical, political, and practical dimensions that screening assessment criteria or principles are intended to clarify and control (the how of screening, how it is and how it should be performed). As a result, different conceptualizations of screening provide the opportunity to rethink what ethical assessments should take place: the conceptualizations have different ethico-political implications. The article argues that population-based systematic screening, population-based opportunistic screening, and case-finding should be clearly distinguished. ; Funding: Linkoping University - Swedish Research Council [Dnr 2016-00781]

Previous research has attempted to examine specific social aspects of the school inclusion of students with vision impairment, such as the development of social relationships with their teachers and peers and their participation in school activities. Based on Bronfenbrenner's ecological system theory, this article presents a socio-ecological model that aims to embrace the different elements of social inclusion in school. Considering the components of this socio-ecological model, the findings of an empirical study that examined the school engagement of adolescents with vision impairment and its effect on their social competence are presented. Thirty-seven adolescents, with and without vision impairment, aged 12–14 years, participated in this study. Adolescents were divided into three groups: adolescents with severe sight impairment (previously 'blindness'), adolescents with sight impairment (previously 'low vision') and sighted adolescents. Participants completed a questionnaire about their school engagement and disengagement, and their parents completed a quantitative scale about their children's social competence. There were no significant differences found between the three participant groups in terms of school engagement, disengagement and social competence. Neither school engagement nor disengagement was a significant predictor of social competence. The findings of this empirical study revealed remarkable similarities in school engagement and social competence between adolescents with and without vision impairment. These findings may also suggest that other clinical and social factors, independent of visual functioning, affect the school inclusion and social competence of adolescents with vision impairment. Overall, the socio-ecological model developed for the purposes of this research can lead to the development of evidence-based interventions that will aim to improve the social inclusion of adolescents with vision impairment. Furthermore, the rationale of the empirical study may promote further investigation of the critical role of promoting less-intrusive classroom interventions to facilitate the school inclusion of students with vision impairment.

Vor dem Hintergrund eines auch zukünftig anhaltenden Migrationsdrucks (KÄLIN 1989), des Zusammenwachsens des "Europäischen Hauses" und einer Bevölkerungsstruktur in Deutschland, die demographischen Prognosen zufolge im Zusammenhang mit der niedrigen Geburtenziffer einen stetig wachsenden Ausländeranteil aufweisen und damit an ethnischer Vielfalt zunehmen wird (BIRG/KOCH 1987), gewinnt die Auseinandersetzung mit der Frage nach der Rolle des Sports im Kontext kultureller Kontakte für eine zeitgemäße Sportwissenschaft auch langfristig einen zentralen Stellenwert. Die folgenden Überlegungen, die am Beispiel des gemeinsamen Sporttreibens von einheimischen und zugewanderten ausländischen Bevölkerungsgruppen entwickelt worden sind, rücken einen bislang unterbelichteten Aspekt dieses Problems ins Zentrum des Forschungsinteresses: die Fremdheit, die bei interkulturellen Sportbegegnungen entstehen kann. Dabei stellt der Text erstens den Zusammenhang zwischen Fremdheitsphänomenen und der internationalen Arbeitsmigration heraus. Zweitens fragt er nach den Eigenschaften, die dem Sport in diesem Kontext zugeschrieben werden, und ob die Praxis des interkulturell betriebenen Sports hält, was man sich von ihr verspricht. Drittens wird geprüft, welche Ansätze der Sportwissenschaft einen Zugang zu damit zusammenhängenden Problemen ermöglichen. Viertens soll der sportspezifische Charakter von Fremdheitserfahrungen beschrieben werden. Anschließend wird fünftens der Entwurf einer theoretischen Perspektive zur Erforschung der Fremdheit im sportlichen und nicht-sportlichen Alltag vorgestellt.

ABSTRACT: Corruption can be considered the oldest form of crime that has accompanied the development of human society so far, and probably a long time from here on. The topicality of the approached topic has its roots in the urgent need to combat this dangerous reality by adopting a fair and stable legislation, without the existence of loopholes to encourage criminal perseverance. In this article we will emphasize the need for legal regulation of the facts and acts of corruption both internally and internationally, as well as the presentation of the methods or tactics that can prevent or, as the case may be, combat these antisocial facts if the function of prevention of the law did not produce the expected effects, such as the search, the hearing of the suspects, the accused and the witnesses, the flagrant or the spot investigation. With its sanction, corruption has also become a legal phenomenon, crossing purely social borders and becoming a source of criminal consequences. Thus, corruption becomes a legal fact, regulated by rules that attract the most serious form of liability in case of their violation. KEYWORDS: crime scene investigation, corruption, flagrant, hearing, investigation, search

The aim of the research is the investigation of the essential theoretical aspects of smart culture management. The article formulates the theoretical construct of smart culture management by combining cultural management and management concepts, closely linking cultural management with the implementation of cultural policy and seeing the specifics of smart cultural management.Qualitative analysis was performed of theoretical sources of foreign countries and Lithuania. Also, a comparative analysis of different concepts was carried out, highlighting similarities and differences of concepts (in order to discern correlations between them).Five groups of cultural management concepts are distinguished: cultural management as specific management in art and culture; cultural management as a phenomenon, process reflecting the formation and implementation of cultural policy; cultural management as an institution management; cultural management as a profession and academic discipline; cultural management as leadership-based management. Theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of smartness in cultural management allowed us to distinguish six dimensions of smartness: strategic, creative development, harmonization of interests in the cultural sector, empowered cultural sector parties, the harmony of intellectual and technological capital, the culture of shared value creation.Exploring the urban cultural field situation, using a model that reflects the 6 dimensions of smart culture management and 18 qualities of a smart social system, will highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the cultural field. By analyzing the weaknesses, the researchers will be able to make recommendations on how to improve the current situation. Improving the cultural field at the local level will significantly increase the quality of cultural services provided to the population.In future research, it is planned to apply the theoretical model of smart culture management to the analysis of situation analysis in the selected city. Analysis based on this theoretical model can also be performed at the state level, thus providing a comprehensive view of the cultural field situation. ; Straipsnyje formuluojamas sumanaus kultūros valdymo teorinis konstruktas derinant kultūros vadybos ir valdymo koncepcijas, glaudžiai siejant kultūros vadybą su kultūros politikos įgyvendinimu ir įžvelgiant sumanaus kultūros valdymo specifiką.Temos aktualumas ir problematika. Nacionalinė šalies kultūra yra valstybės pamatas. Šalis, siekianti išsaugoti nacionalinį-kultūrinį identitetą, ypatingą dėmesį skiria sumaniam kultūros politikos valdymui. Nors sumanumo konceptas mokslininkų pradėtas vartoti jau praėjusio amžiaus pabaigoje, kultūros vadybos, kultūros valdymo kontekstuose šis konceptas pradėtas vartoti neseniai.Sumanus kultūros valdymas yra daugiadimensis reiškinys, visų pirma apimantis sumanumo reiškinį, kuris suvokiamas kaip pamatinė sumanios socialinės sistemos kokybinė vertybė. Kaip teigia Jucevičienė, Jucevičius (2014), "sumanumas yra gebėjimas greitai ir išradingai prisitaikyti prie kintančios aplinkos sąlygų priimant adekvačius sprendimus ir juos panaudojant galutinio tikslo pasiekimui." Vykdomai kultūros politikai ypač svarbus yra lankstumas ir gebėjimas prisitaikyti prie rinkos sąlygų vykstant nuolatiniams pokyčiams, globalizacijos procesams. Sumanumo koncepto atsiradimas kultūros valdyme verčia mąstyti apie šios srities politikos formavimo, įgyvendinimo unikalumą, naujumą. Sumanus kultūros valdymas yra grįstas sumaniu valdymu, kuris dar tik pradeda įsitvirtinti. Sumanus valdymas, kaip naujausia viešojo valdymo modelio atšaka, atsirado gana neseniai, tačiau jos taikymo apraiškų, nors ir nedaug, bet jau galime aptikti analizuojant, kaip kultūros politiką formuoja, valdo ir įgyvendina skirtingų lygmenų viešojo administravimo institucijos bei joms pavaldžios kultūros įstaigos. Anot Gaulės (2014), "sumanus viešasis valdymas – valdymo modelis, pasižymintis suinteresuotųjų dalyvavimu ir tinklaveika grįsta veikla, kai remiantis savalaike ir kompleksine informacija priimami sąlygas atitinkantys racionalūs sprendimai, pasirenkamos jų įgyvendinimo struktūros ir procesai, technologijos ir priemonės, sutelkiami ir stiprinami gebėjimai bei ištekliai siekiant sukurti tvarią viešąją vertę." Sumanus kultūros valdymas taip pat yra grįstas sumania kultūros vadyba.Nors kultūros politika yra priskiriama vienai iš politicos rūšių, tačiau pats kultūros reiškinys yra labai sudėtingas ir daugiabriaunis procesas. Kultūros srityje, kaip teigia Pauliukevičiūtė, Raipa (2009), sudėtinga "parinkti atitinkamas ir labiausiai derančias administravimo formas, įžvelgti svarbiausias srities problemas ir nustatyti prioritetinius tikslus". Šis autorių atskleistas požiūris į kultūros politikos valdymą leidžia daryti prielaidas, kad ir sumanus kultūros politikos valdymas yra sudėtingas daugiadimensis procesas, kurį veikia įvairūs objektyvūs ir subjektyvūs aplinkos veiksniai. Kultūros lauke, kaip ir kitose politikos srityse, veikia skirtingos interesų grupės, turinčios skirtingus požiūrius ir siekinius tais pačiais sumanaus kultūros valdymo klausimais. Tarp šių interesų grupių dažnai kyla kolizinės situacijos. Interesų grupių skirtingų požiūrių suderinimas konsensuso būdu ir tampa suformuotąja kultūros politika, kurioje galima įžvelgti vis daugiau sumanaus kultūros valdymo apraiškų.Tyrimo objektas– sumanus kultūros valdymas.Tyrimo tikslas– ištirti sumanaus kultūros valdymo esminius teorinius aspektus.Metodas. Atlikta užsienio šalių ir Lietuvos teorinių šaltinių kokybinė turinio analizė. Taip pat atlikta lyginamoji skirtingų sąvokų turinio analizė, išryškinant sąvokų panašumus ir skirtumus (siekiant išsiaiškinti jų sąsajas).Kultūros vadybos konstruktas formuluojamas derinant kultūros ir vadybos koncepcijas, glaudžiai siejant kultūros vadybą su kultūros politikos įgyvendinimu ir įžvelgiant kultūros vadybos specifiką. Atsižvelgiant į kultūros sektoriaus kompleksiškumą, kylančius naujus reikalavimus kultūros vadybai, sumanumo koncepcijos taikymas vadybiniuose sprendimuose atveria daug naujų galimybių.Kultūros vadybos koncepcijos pasižymi plačia įvairove. Kiekviena iš koncepcijų papildo kultūros vadybos lauko sampratą tam tikrais naujais aspektais. Galima išskirti esmines penkias kultūros vadybos koncepcijų grupes: kultūros vadyba kaip specifinė vadyba meno ir kultūros srityje; kultūros vadyba kaip kultūros politikos formavimą ir įgyvendinimą atspindintis reiškinys, procesas; kultūros vadyba kaip institucijų vadyba; kultūros vadyba kaip profesija ir akademinė disciplina; kultūros vadyba kaip lyderyste grindžiama vadyba.Teorinė sumanumo fenomeno kultūros valdyme analizė įgalino išskirti šešias sumanumo dimensijas: strategiškumo; kūrybiško vystymosi; įžvalgaus interesų derinimo kultūros sektoriuje; įgalintų kultūros sektoriaus subjektų; intelektinio ir technologinio kapitalo dermės; bendros vertės kūrimo kultūros. Kiekviena iš šešių dimensijų yra naujas mokslinis konceptas, tačiau visos dimensijos susijusios tarpusavyje, viena kitą papildančios ir išryškina sumanumo dimensijų kultūros valdyme koreliacijas su sumaniosios socialinės sistemos kokybėmis. Kiekvienai sumanios kultūros valdymo dimensijai priskirta po tris sumanios socialinės sistemos kokybes. Sukurtas sumanaus miesto kultūros vadybos modelis, kaip instrumentas gali būti pritaikytas tolesniems mokslininkų tyrimams.