Suchergebnisse

This paper is the second of a three-part series dealing with
quantitative indicators of impact and prominence in the political science
discipline. In these essays, we assess some of the changes in the
discipline since the publication of the Somit and Tanenhaus (1963; 1964; 1967) studies that cover the first 60 years of the
twentieth century. In the first paper of the series, published in the
January 2007 issue of PS (Masuoka, Grofman, and Feld 2007), we focused on the individual visibility and
impact of all regular faculty in Ph.D.-granting departments by using
SSCI-based cumulative citation counts to their lifetime work. In
particular, we identified the 400 most-cited faculty members in the
discipline, and we found that citation counts are strongly influenced by
factors such as date of Ph.D., subfield, and gender. This, the second
paper in the series, shifts to departmental-level data and details the
historical changes in Ph.D. production and placement rates from
1902–2000. The last paper in the series, to be published in the July
2007 issue of PS, will combine the individual-level citation data
presented in the first paper with the Ph.D. production and placement data
in the second paper to look at the factors that affect reputational
rankings of Ph.D.-granting political science departments. The authors would like to thank Russell Dalton,
Lee Sigelman, and the anonymous reviewers of PS for their helpful
feedback and corrections. We are also indebted to the bibliographic
assistance of Clover Behrend-Gethard and to the inspiration of Joe
Tanenhaus' pioneering work. Any errors presented in this paper are
the sole responsibility of the authors. The authors welcome corrections to
the data that is presented in this series. Comments and corrections can be
sent to Bgrofman@uci.edu.

First published in 1953, The Refugee in the Post-War World presents a comprehensive survey on the global refugee situation after the Second World War. Chapter I and II of Part I attempt a definition of what is meant by a refugee and states the problems to which the refugees give rise for the receiving countries and the international community; chapter III contains a brief account of the work of the international bodies concerned with refugees from the First World War onwards; and chapter IV tells the story of the various ethnic and national groups of refugees after the Second World War. The other parts give an analysis of the refugees' situation in the different countries. The latter are classified in two ways: according to their place on the map and to their capacity to absorb refugees. Each chapter describing the refugee position in a particular country is divided further into three sections: an introduction intended to afford a bird's eye view of the general refugee problem in that country; a second section setting forth the main legislative provisions applicable to aliens and, more specially to refugees; and the third which gives an account of the refugees' economic and social conditions. This is an important historical reference work for scholars and researchers of refugee studies, international relations, political studies, and immigration studies.

Le thème des « petits États » a été développé par les Islandais à la fois dans la recherche et dans le débat politique afin de construire leur identité et de défendre leurs intérêts sur la scène internationale. Après avoir évoqué le cadre général de l'étude des petits Etats en science politique, cet article montrera pourquoi et comment elle s'est développée en Islande. Il montrera également des exemples de l'utilisation du discours sur la « petitesse » par les hommes politiques, avant et après le krach de 2008. Puis il se terminera par une réflexion sur l'interaction entre la vie politique et la recherche et par une évocation de nouveaux thèmes potentiels et de défis que les spécialistes des petits Etats auront à affronter dans le futur.

The contributors to this volume analyze the general problems of economic transition in countries of the former Eastern bloc: changing the ownership structure, abolishing the command economy, and integrating with the world economy. Because unique political, economic and social conditions in each nation require individual policy solutions, the contri

Supervised machine learning methods are increasingly employed in political science. Such models require costly manual labeling of documents. In this paper, we introduce active learning, a framework in which data to be labeled by human coders are not chosen at random but rather targeted in such a way that the required amount of data to train a machine learning model can be minimized. We study the benefits of active learning using text data examples. We perform simulation studies that illustrate conditions where active learning can reduce the cost of labeling text data. We perform these simulations on three corpora that vary in size, document length, and domain. We find that in cases where the document class of interest is not balanced, researchers can label a fraction of the documents one would need using random sampling (or "passive" learning) to achieve equally performing classifiers. We further investigate how varying levels of intercoder reliability affect the active learning procedures and find that even with low reliability, active learning performs more efficiently than does random sampling.

The substantial literature on mass violence, from ethnic cleansing to civil wars, has paid surprisingly little attention to the largest instance of mass violence in human history: the Holocaust. When political scientists have approached the subject, the trend has been to treat the Holocaust as a single case, comparing it—sometimes controversially—with other instances of genocide such as Rwanda or Cambodia. But historically grounded work on the destruction of European Jewry can help illuminate the microfoundations of violent politics, unpack the relationship between a ubiquitous violence-inducing ideology (antisemitism) and highly variable murder, and recast old questions about the origins and evolution of the Holocaust itself. After reviewing new trends in history-writing, I highlight opportunities for social-scientifically oriented research centered on the interaction of state power, local communities, and violent mobilization in five areas: military occupation, repertoires of violence, alliance politics, genocidal policymaking, and resistance. My conclusion addresses thorny issues of comparison, morality, and memory.

AbstractAbstract — This paper integrates the knowledge‐base concerning systems, their behavior and structure, and the management of complex systems ‐ to provide insight to physical planning and design in equilibrium and rapidly‐changing conditions. It contributes to the redefinition of the professions of physical planning and design; and the establishment of their human science foundations.

The article is devoted to the new status of judges in the system of separation of powers and the important role they play in the implementation of political power. The author finds the reasons for these changes in raising the level of legitimacy of judges while maintaining their constitutional and legal status. In the author's opinion, legitimacy and social acceptability of actions of a political actor is based simultaneously on the person's ideas about their duty to obey and their voluntary participation in solving common problems. As conditions of the power legitimacy, the author notes its ability to create legal norms, to proclaim moral values and to stabilize the political system. Having examined specific judicial decisions of the courts of France, Belgium and Canada, as well as the Court of Justice of the European Union over the past twenty years, the author comes to the conclusion about the availability of all three conditions of legitimacy of modern judges as political representatives of the people. They are closer to private persons than other political actors because they do not operate with abstract categories, but rather respond to specific complaints of citizens. At the same time, the author warns that there is a risk of preference of individual interests to the general interest in the judicial procedure which can lead to the rupture of social relations in a democratic society. Finally, he concludes that the careful attitude to the role of the judge as a political representative is very important. ; Peer reviewed

Journals are currently 'ranked' by their influential 'impact factor' and their 'total number of cites' -- both published by Thomson, the company producing and selling the (Social) Science Citation Index. This article suggests an alternative view and ranks political science journals according to the number of articles published within a period of time that have 'frequently' been cited. Adapted from the source document.

ABSTRACTIndigenous politics and history are central to and, indeed, intertwined with the history and politics of many if not most contemporary nations, yet the topics of indigenous politics and settler colonialism are rarely taught in undergraduate political science programs. This article outlines the pedagogical utility of an undergraduate course focused on indigenous history and politics, approached through a comparative race politics framework. The course on which this article is based compares state power and indigenous rights in the United States, Australia, and Latin America in historical context, but many variations are possible. The article first reviews the context for developing the course, the challenges related to teaching the subject, and my primary teaching objectives. It then outlines three pedagogical strategies applicable in other course frameworks and discusses positive learning outcomes I have observed as I refine this teaching area.