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"In this volume, scholars of history, literature, art and theology re-evaluate the context and significance of polemical and ethnographic literature about Jews by Johannes Pfefferkorn and other converts. The volume presents new perspectives on the life and works of Pfefferkorn, the sixteenth-century debate about Jewish books, the sources for anti-Jewish writing, and the interconnection between early modern ethnography and anti-Jewish polemics"--

The present article approaches, from the point of view of research practices, the debate on how to consider knowledge in terms of the objectivity/subjectivity pair, especially when the topics studied involve the researcher directly. Specifically, the article will focus on situated knowledge, arguing for rigorous but non-neutral objectivity and for the legitimacy of producing scientific knowledge from the perspective of those involved in the issues studied ; El presente artículo tiene por objetivo llevar al campo de las prácticas de investigación el debate respecto a cómo considerar al conocimiento en las claves objetividad/subjetividad, más aún cuando las temáticas a trabajar implican directamente al investigador. En particular, se centrará en el planteamiento de los conocimientos situados, donde junto con fundamentar una objetividad rigurosa pero no neutral, se afirma la legitimidad de producir conocimiento científico desde quienes están implicados en las problemáticas estudiadas.

This volume offers innovative ways to think about speculation at a time when anticipation of catastrophe in an apocalyptic mode is the order of the day and shapes public discourse on a global scale. It maps an interdisciplinary field of investigation: the chapters interrogate hegemonic ways of shaping the present through investments in the future, while also looking at speculative practices that reveal transformative potential. The twelve contributions explore concrete instances of envisioning the open unknown and affirmative speculative potentials in history, literature, comics, computer games, mold research, ecosystem science and artistic practice.

Knowledge economy, how information and communication technology applications is relevant to innovation: the development of the legal environment, science and research to promote favorable conditions for investments conclusion, favorable conditions for scientific and business cooperation in the development, as well as promoting the development of electronic commerce - the legal environment development and transmission of information via the Internet security and online privacy protection. Knowledge-based economy in Lithuania is becoming a priority objective. The EU is contained within a knowledge-based society in the next decade. In 2015 in Lithuania may be at a similar level, so the topic is relevant to their novelty and importance of the objectives Work item - the information and communication technologies in Lithuania. The aim - to assess the knowledge of economic development opportunities in Lithuania. To achieve this objective are the following tasks: Examine and codified knowledge economy, information society theory; Discuss the action plan, which is part of the Lisbon strategy; Examine the State of Lithuania, the knowledge economy policy and the issue of statistical indicators relating to knowledge, economic development, and compared with other EU indicators; conduct public opinion survey and expert interviews to identify the main obstacles to the development of a knowledge economy in Lithuania. Knowledge economy, a wide range of information and communication technologies has become one of the most important factor to promote the country's competitiveness, economic productivity, public participation in lifelong learning and development. Three major developments in the long-term priorities - the knowledge society, secure society and competitive economy. The paper put forward a hypothesis was confirmed, a clear and active government policy of education, training, promoting innovation and technological development. The public lack of motivation, interest, and more information on how to participate in the knowledge economy.

Knowledge economy, how information and communication technology applications is relevant to innovation: the development of the legal environment, science and research to promote favorable conditions for investments conclusion, favorable conditions for scientific and business cooperation in the development, as well as promoting the development of electronic commerce - the legal environment development and transmission of information via the Internet security and online privacy protection. Knowledge-based economy in Lithuania is becoming a priority objective. The EU is contained within a knowledge-based society in the next decade. In 2015 in Lithuania may be at a similar level, so the topic is relevant to their novelty and importance of the objectives Work item - the information and communication technologies in Lithuania. The aim - to assess the knowledge of economic development opportunities in Lithuania. To achieve this objective are the following tasks: Examine and codified knowledge economy, information society theory; Discuss the action plan, which is part of the Lisbon strategy; Examine the State of Lithuania, the knowledge economy policy and the issue of statistical indicators relating to knowledge, economic development, and compared with other EU indicators; conduct public opinion survey and expert interviews to identify the main obstacles to the development of a knowledge economy in Lithuania. Knowledge economy, a wide range of information and communication technologies has become one of the most important factor to promote the country's competitiveness, economic productivity, public participation in lifelong learning and development. Three major developments in the long-term priorities - the knowledge society, secure society and competitive economy. The paper put forward a hypothesis was confirmed, a clear and active government policy of education, training, promoting innovation and technological development. The public lack of motivation, interest, and more information on how to participate in the knowledge economy.

PurposeFirms' knowledge-processing capabilities have a central role in achieving innovation performance and competitive advantage. Absorptive capacity capabilities and innovation are viewed as essential for enterprise success. Absorptive capacity is deemed as a highly important organizational capability to recognize value and assimilate both external and internal knowledge in order to enhance firm innovation. The aim of this study is to determine if innovation performance can be improved through absorptive capacity (knowledge acquisition, dissemination and utilization), when it is supported by internal (firm experience) and external knowledge sources (R&D cooperation and contracted R&D).Design/methodology/approachA quantitative methodology based on employing a structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The proposed research model and its associated hypotheses are tested by using Partial Least Squares (PLS) structural equation modelling (SEM) on a data set of 248 manufacturing companies located in the Northern Region of Malaysia.FindingsResults showed that firms' experience is significantly related to absorptive capacity, while for R&D cooperation and contracted R&D findings were mixed. In addition, absorptive capacity was found as a strong predictor of innovation performance.Originality/valueOne of the defining features of competition in many industries has been the extremely rapid pace of technological change, marked by a continuous stream of innovations. Manufacturing firms, therefore, face the challenge of nurturing existing knowledge and developing novel knowledge in order to create new business opportunities. This study makes valuable contributions with regard to understanding the behavioural of manufacturing firms towards process and product innovation.

Objective: This article summarizes two articles by Endsley on situation awareness (SA) and presents the influence of the concept on subsequent practice and theory of human factors. Background: In her articles, Endsley integrated and consolidated existing research done in the prior decade. Method: I carefully examined and integrated subsequent articles on the SA topic written by Endsley and by others. Results: This integration revealed that SA has been applied to areas of training, error analysis, design, selection, teamwork, and automation. Some key issues related to automation and SA are reviewed in detail. Conclusion: Situation awareness is a viable and important construct that still possesses some controversy over measurement issues. Application: Ways in which human factors practitioners have used the SA construct and numerous citations are provided to assist designers.

The paper highlights the theory of cultural evolution by F. A. Hayek, which in retrospect appears as a complex and deep system, in many respects anticipating the ideas of modern evolutionary psychology. The first part provides a general description of the Hayekian approach, examines its theoretical foundation, and discusses the main stages of cultural evolution. Hayek was far from considering cultural evolution to be a copy of biological evolution, emphasizing its nonDarwinian nature. He defined the phenomenon of culture as a set of traditions, norms and rules of conduct lying between the world of natural objects that exist independently of man and the world of artificial objects created by his will and intellect. Hayek considered the central event of cultural evolution to be the transition from small hunter-gatherer groups to modern complex society, which he depicted as "an extended order of human cooperation".

This paper is intended to restate the case for the development of an "ethical theory of accountability" as an alternative to current theoretical frames being applied by students of accountable governance. I would emphasize the word "alternative" at this juncture, noting that an ethical theory should not be regarded as replacement for current models; rather it is offered as a reframing of accountability that can provide a significantly different perspective -- one rooted in (and built upon) ontologically distinct presuppositions about the nature of account-giving/receiving. Central to the effort is establishing accountability as the capacity to engage in account-giving/receiving behavior triggered by the human need to deal with problematic conditions involving social interactions where there exists a regard and respect for the reaction of others. This reconceptualization of accountability represents a major ontological shift and is supported by both the move to a second-person standpoint and acceptance of the Strawsonian view that ethical behavior is grounded in reactive attitudes inherent in interpersonal activity.

Literature reviews stand as familiar and relevant tools within the research community, as mean to produce a state of knowledge to justify the relevance of a research question. Among the many methods that can be used, systematic approaches are developing in the Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS). These review methodologies employ rigorous techniques in the identification, retrieval, and analysis of data. The overarching objective is to uphold transparency and replicability in research endeavours, elevating the overall quality and credibility of scholarly work in these disciplines. By presenting the two main systematic approaches to literature reviews – Systematic Literature Reviews (SLRs) and Scoping Reviews (SRs) –, we intend to clarify their respective objectives and methods, so that interested researchers can make an informed choice between them. We thus show that an SR aims to characterise the extent (or scope) of research on a subject or field, whereas an SLR aims to answer a specific question with a view to guiding practices. We also show the interest of these approaches for the HSS. We use a case study – free or unpaid labour in agriculture – to illustrate the different stages of a systematic approach to a literature review. We begin by justifying the choice of an SR over an SLR, and then test the former's methodology through its various stages. The aim is to provide guidelines for researchers wishing to undertake this type of work. We reflect on this methodology, illustrating its advantages and disadvantages in the light of our experience. We show that systematic approaches to literature reviews are non-linear and time-consuming processes which require constant back-and-forth and reflection between the various stages. Nevertheless, their contributions in helping us understand complex subjects, develop expertise and achieve transparency show that they are suitable approaches for the HSS.

"The crowns and scepters of stage emperors," remarked Sancho, "were never known to be of pure gold; they are always of tinsel or tinplate." "That is the truth," said Don Quixote, "for it is only right that the accessories of a drama should be fictitious and not real, like the play itself. Speaking of that, Sancho, I would have you look kindly upon the art of the theater and, as a consequence, upon those who write the pieces and perform in them, for they render a great service to the state by holding up a mirror for us at each step we take, wherein we may observe, vividly depicted, all the varied aspects of human life; and I may add that there is nothing that shows us more clearly, by similitude, what we are and what we ought to be than do plays and players." Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quixote, II, iii, 12