Suchergebnisse

A REDEFINITION OF CRISIS IS OFFERED WHICH DEPARTS FROM THE CONVENTIONAL VIEW, NOTABLY IN THE EMPHASIS ON FINITE TIME INSTEAD OF SHORT TIME AND IN THE ADDITION OF PERCEIVED "HIGH PROBABILITY OF WAR." A CONCEPT OF INTRAWAR CRISIS IS INTRODUCED. BUILDING UPON AN EARLIER RESEARCH FRAMEWORK, A MODEL OF CRISIS BEHAVIOR AND CHOICE IS SPECIFIED.

In 1978, the Governments of Canada and the United States entered into a revised Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. In contrast to the provisions of the 1972 Agreement which required annual reports, the International Joint Commission is charged by the 1978 Agreement with providing a full report to the Federal and State/Provincial Governments at least biennially. The first such report will be provided in late 1981, dealing with progress during the first two years of the 1978 Agreement. The revised Agreement also provides for summary reports in the alternate years and special reports at any time. This interim report is based largely on reports submitted by the Great Lakes Water Quality Board and Great Lakes Science Advisory Board at the Eighth Annual Great Lakes Water Quality Meeting at Toronto in November, 1980. In this report, the Commission does not attempt to repeat or review all aspects of the Boards' reports. These reports have been made available to Governments and the public. Except as noted herein, the Commission generally supports the concerns and recommendations expressed in the two main Board reports and at the Annual Meeting. The Commission commends these reports and the transcripts of the Meeting to the Parties and to the State and Provincial Governments for their careful consideration. Many of the recommendations expressed in the Board reports are consistent with Commission recommendations contained in the Seventh Annual Report so that, for this reason too, their repetition is not required here. This report provides the additional comments of the Commission on seven issues of concern. A number of these issues are planned to be the subjects of special reports during the next year. The Commission believes, however, that it is important for it or the Governments as specified herein, to take certain early actions on these matters to fulfil their responsibilities under the 1978 Agreement. The seven issues are: I. Great Lakes International Surveillance Plan and Other Data Requirements II. Atmospheric Pollution of the Great Lakes III. The Niagara River IV. A List of 33 Chemicals for Possible Immediate Control V. Non-NTA Phosphate Substitutes in Detergents VI. Waste Disposal Sites VII. Phosphorus

The advantages of cooperation between research library associations can be demonstrated quite clearly. Where cooperation becomes essential is where there is a common cause to champion or an initiative to pursue for the common good. Thanks in part to the power of information communications technology, research is becoming increasingly international in scope. The members of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research teams are frequently drawn from across the world. Correspondingly, scholarly publishing (especially in medicine and the sciences) is dominated by a few multinational publishers. In this context, issues that play a vital role in global scholarly communication - such as copyright, journal pricing, the managing of datasets, digital preservation and open access - are issues for the research library community everywhere in the world. Certainly there are many challenges at the local or regional level. However there are definite roles that research library associations can play most effectively at the national or international level. It is clear that by sharing expertise, building partnerships and alliances, it is possible to address common issues much more effectively than when working alone. What is special is that potentially the most powerful form of cooperation is advocacy at the national and international levels. It is essential for research library associations to work together at the political level to move their agenda forward. Examples are lobbying about copyright legislation (nationally, or within the EC or at WIPO); or promoting the cause of Open Access. The unique value of LIBER is to provide a forum and a platform for European research library associations to explore and benefit from cooperation and their shared strength.