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The author conducted a survey to examine psychological and economic factors affecting the homeownership–tenancy choice. Among the many results, the author found disturbing evidence according to which there exists a fundamental flawed reasoning in the common judgment of the financial superiority of ownership over tenancy. Most important, however, the author finds that although psychological and economic factors involved in the tenure decision are highly correlated, the psychological factors are found to be more statistically significant in explaining the realized tenure mode. This, in turn, may suggest that psychological effects might act as the underlying forces for determining the apparent economic tenure decision.

Contexts sponsored a special forum at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association in Montreal last summer. We asked several experts to discuss various forms of mass murder, their causes, and possible means of prevention. The panelists were Katherine S. Newman, coauthor of Rampage: The Social Roots of School Shootings; Michael Mann, author of The Dark Side of Democracy: Explaining Ethnic Cleansing; Randall Collins, author of the forthcoming study, Violence: A Micro-Sociological Theory of Antagonistic Confrontations; and James Ron, author of Frontiers and Ghettos: State Violence in Serbia and Israel and coauthor of "what shapes the west's human rights focus?" (Contexts, Summer 2006).

Many studies document positive relationships between political information and campaign participation, but none investigates the relationship between information and interelection change in campaign participation. While studies of "floating voters" document negative relationships between information and floating, the author notes that activists are better informed than voters and investigates the relationship between knowledge and change in participation, comparing the process among voters and activists. The author shows low-information citizens enter and exit the electorate, while high-information citizens enter and exit the activist pool. The author concludes with an optimistic assessment of democratic change based on the theory that well-informed activists influence floating voters.

В статье воссоздана история одного из наименее изученных социальных явлений российского прошлого. Автором исследованы его наиболее существенные аспекты: политика царского правительства относительно института рабства, основные формы порабощения и область применения рабского труда, национальный состав рабов. Показана специфика легального рабства, в частности его ненаследственный характер. ; The author reconstructs one of the most poorly investigated social institutions in Russia's past. The author analyzes its most important aspects: the Tsarist Government's activities concerning slavery, the main forms of enslavement, sphere where slave labour was used and the national structure of slaves. The author shows specific character of legal slavery and points out that it was not hereditary.

As political scientists, many of us encourage our students to get
involved in community activities and local politics; and in fact
many of our political science colleagues have run for state and
local (and, less frequently, national) office. While the literature
on parties, elections, and voting behavior may help provide us with
some context when we (or our students) enter the political arena,
there is a striking dearth of literature on voting behavior (and
candidate behavior) in local elections. What Herson (1957) referred to as "the lost world of
municipal government" can still be so characterized today, though a
few recent studies have attempted to predict winners of municipal
races (for example, McGleneghan and Ragland 2002; Lieske 1989). This
article analyzes my own education in local politics, which resulted
from my candidacy for the Town Council of Cazenovia, New York in
November, 2005. I came to the experience of participating in a local
campaign with expectations shaped by my teaching and research in
American politics at the national level, and found that these
expectations often gave way to the specifics of context. Jennifer
Lawless, a political scientist running for Congress in 2006,
expressed this sentiment as: "Political science is all generalities.
Politics is all individual circumstances" (Fischer 2006).

Рассматривается миграция населения с точки зрения влияния на нее природно-климатических, демографических, этнических, социально-экономических, политических факторов. Показывается, что решение людей мигрировать основывается на совокупности многих факторов, среди которых основными являются экономические, демографические и политические ; The author considers people migration from the point of view of influence on it of such factors as climatic, demographic, ethnic, social and economic, political. The author comes to the conclusion that the decision of people to migrate is based on the complex of many factors. The author supposes that external labour force migration is influenced greatly by economic, demographic and political factors

In the following pages I look at literary representations of the literary market in the eighteenth century, focusing on conflicting ideas about writing for money. In many works relations between monetary interest, political dependence and artistic form enact the dilemmas of a commercialised society in the specific domain of literature. With the growth of the print market and the definition of literary property, the image of the professional author was opposed both to the commercial author and to the gentleman author. The economic independence that came with the privatisation of the imagination and with the commodification of writing was seen as an advantage of the new commercial society.

Three main points will be elaborated on in the following discussion. Firstly, the author would like to explain the chronology of the conflicts and at the same time reveal their intractable nature. Secondly, the author will analyze the cause of the conflict in terms of the security dilemma: whether the conflicts were triggered by real or assumed causes? Thirdly, the author will address the specific "Islamic" factor of the conflicts, which was denied by Southeast Asian governments as being among the features of the conflicts, and propose a more appropriate approach to it in order to reduce the intractability of the conflicts.DOI:10.15408/sdi.v13i2.567

This article responds to the current academic debate on the advantages of bilingualism to the children of immigrants in the United States. The author utilizes data from the 1992–1993 and 1995–1996 Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study to estimate the effects of bilingualism on educational outcomes. In contrast to a recent study, the author provides conclusive evidence that there are advantages to bilingualism beyond the functional ability to communicate with one's parents. The author also provides evidence that demonstrates that bilingualism is only advantageous in those communities with low levels of English proficiency and high levels of resources and networks.

In this article, the author argues that the illiberal context of the Cold War impacted the "storybook truth about American history" & the liberal tradition presented in Louis Hartz's The Liberal Tradition in America. The author interprets Hartz' work as a reaction to a pessimistic projection onto liberalism of undemocratic elements. The work is characterized as an example of Orren & Skowronecks institutional intercurrence reflecting tensions of pastlessness & historical moments, messianism & isolationism. The author concludes that as a post Cold War global state, a Hartzian rethinking & reworking of Americanism can use the mythology of pastlessness to advantage as the twentieth century disallows the dream state of American liberalism. J. Harwell

This article reviews a 2003 commentary to Carl Schmitt's concept of the political (multiple references). According to the author, Schmitt's death in 1985 made it possible for academics to review Schmitt's writings from a factual point of view, without paying as much attention as earlier to Schmitt's person & his views on National Socialism & Jews, among others. The cooperative commentary includes contributions from 15 authors, representing lawyers, philosophers, political scientists, & historians. Each author discusses one part of Schmitt's 1963 "The Concept of the Political" (multiple references). The author commends the commentary for demythologizing Schmitt's paper & positioning it in a contemporary historical & biographical context. References. A. Kallioinen

This essay examines the Trans-Atlantic slave trade with a particular focus on its legal, financial, and governmental aspects. The author argues that despite the brutal treatment that slaves endured, including death, the international community could not resist the economic possibilities of participation in the slave trade. In so arguing, the author discusses the historical beginnings of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade, and the involvement of many nation-states in the implementation of guidelines, statutes, contracts, and treaties authorizing the unprecedented exploitation of African peoples. The author concludes that the exploitation of Africans through the Trans-Atlantic slave trade constituted an international crime against humanity.