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In 1942, proletarian writer, Takeda Rintarō, was sent from Japan to the Dutch East-Indies (Indonesia) as part of the Sendenbu (propaganda squad), where he led the literature section in the Keimin Bunka Shidōshō (cultural center) in Jakarta. Jawa sarasa documents Takeda Rintaro's activities and cultural experiences in Java, Indonesia, after he returned to Japan in 1944. Most Japanese literature and cultural writings about Nanyō or Nanpō ("South Islands" - South Asia and the Pacific, including Indonesia) from this era reference the concept of Imperialism in Asia. In the pre-war period, stereotypes such as dojin (local primitive) and tōmin (islander) defined South Island people as being lesser than or "other" than the Japanese people. Japanese literary depictions of tropical Eden's and exotic "uncivilized people" reflect similar perceptions and writings by Western authors towards Asia in the 19th century. This paper explores Takeda Rintarō's perspectives of "otherness" in prewar discourses about Indonesia. Through the influence of "The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere" propaganda concept, the ideology of "sameness" was becoming a hegemonic cultural idea in Takeda's writings about Indonesia. Conversely, however, Takeda's depiction of the double-occupation of Java, with the political rule of Holland and economic domination of daily life by Chinese immigrants, implied criticism of Japan's administrative policies regarding economic exploitation in Java. Takeda's criticisms of Japanese policy are bedded in his emotion for the nature, culture and people of Indonesia.

Vers la fin du XIXe siècle, les Français et les marabouts sénégalais ont pris conscience des bénéfices qu'ils pourraient retirer de leur collaboration. En échange de la loyauté de leurs disciples et du maintient de l'ordre social, les marabouts ont reçu des avantages matériels et symboliques de la part des administrateurs coloniaux. Cette alliance informelle a été reconduite dans les années 1960 par la nouvelle classe politique. Pendant plus de 25 ans, les présidents Leopold Sédar Senghor et Abdou Diouf ont bénéficié du soutien inconditionnel des leaders religieux. Cette dissertation doctorale traite de la question des rapports entre l'autorité politique et les leaders religieux au Sénégal depuis la période coloniale jusqu'à l'élection présidentielle du 26 février 2012. Á travers une analyse socio-historique, elle met en évidence la création et la reconfiguration d'un mode d'organisation politique dont les marabouts sont partie prenante. ; (POLS - Sciences politiques et sociales) -- UCL, 2013