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Background: Saving plays a crucial role in the process of economic growth. However, one main reason why poor people often do not save is that they lack financial knowledge. Improving the savings culture of children through financial education is a promising way to develop savings attitudes and behavior early in life. Objectives: This study is one of the first that examines the effects of social and financial education training and a children's club developed by Aflatoun on savings attitudes and behavior among primary school children in Uganda, besides Berry, Karlan, and Pradhan. Research design: A randomized phase in approach was used by randomizing the order in which schools implemented the program (school-level randomization). The treatment group consisted of students in schools where the program was implemented, while in the control group the program was not yet implemented. The program lasted 3 months including 16 hours. We compared posttreatment variables for the treatment and control group. Subjects: Study participants included 1,746 students, of which 936 students were from 22 schools that were randomly assigned to receive the program between May and July 2011; the remaining 810 students attended 22 schools that did not implement the program during the study period. Measures: Indicators for children's savings attitudes and behavior were key outcomes. Results: The intervention increased awareness of money, money recording, and savings attitudes. It also provides some evidence—although less robust—that the intervention increased actual savings. Conclusions: A short financial literacy and social training can improve savings attitudes and behavior of children considerably.

In der Schweiz sollen gemäss der Energiestrategie 2050 keine neuen Kernkraftwerke (KKW) gebaut werden. Die bestehenden Anlagen sind zwischen 32 und 47 Jahre alt und müssen in absehbarer Zeit vom Netz genommen werden. Im Gegensatz zu anderen Ländern hat die Schweiz keine fixen Jahre für die Ausserbetriebnahme festgelegt. Das eidgenössische Nuklearsicherheitsinspektorat ENSI kann verfügen, dass Werke vom Netz gehen müssen, wenn die Sicherheit nicht mehr gewährleistet ist. Zudem können die Betreiber die Anlagen grundsätzlich auch freiwillig vom Netz nehmen. Dies führt letztendlich zu einer relativ grossen Unsicherheit bezüglich des Zeitpunktes der Ausserbetriebnahme des Schweizer KKW-Parks. Im Vorfeld der Abstimmung über die Atomausstiegsinitiative, welche konkrete Ausschaltjahre vorgibt, ist eine intensive Diskussion über den allfälligen Import von Strom aus dem Ausland entstanden. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht deshalb, in welchem Umfang und mit welcher Geschwindigkeit Strom aus erneuerbarer Energie in der Schweiz zugebaut werden müsste, um bei Annahme bzw. Ablehnung der Atomausstiegsinitiative den wegfallenden KKW-Strom 1:1 durch Strom aus erneuerbaren Quellen ersetzen zu können. Zudem wird die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines Stromimportes bei drei bekannten Szenarien miteinander verglichen. Dazu werden die Unsicherheiten mit Verteilungsdichtefunktionen modelliert und Monte-Carlo-Simulationen durchgeführt. Die Simulationen zeigen: Wenn die Schweiz in Zukunft Stromimporte vermeiden will, sollte der Ausbau der Stromproduktion aus erneuerbaren Energien stark vorangetrieben werden. Für den vollständigen Ersatz des KKW-Stromes ist bei Annahme der Atomausstiegsinitiative bis 2030 ein Zubau um ca. 22 bis 24 TWh Strom pro Jahr erforderlich (je nachdem ob die heutigen Export-Überschüsse berücksichtigt werden oder nicht). Die Berechnungen zeigen aber auch, dass bei Ablehnung der Atomausstiegsinitiative nicht weniger stark zugebaut werden muss: Bei einem Zubau von Strom aus erneuerbaren Energien bis 2030 auf 15 bis 17 TWh besteht eine 30%ige Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass trotzdem Importe notwendig sind. Will man diese Unsicherheit verkleinern, muss die Stromproduktion auch bei einer Ablehnung der Atomausstiegsinitiative bis 2030 auf 22 bis 24 TWh Strom pro Jahr ausgebaut werden. Die Energiestrategie 2050 des Bundes sieht derzeit einen Ausbau der Stromproduktion aus erneuerbaren Energien bis 2035 auf 11.4 TWh pro Jahr vor. Rechnet man mit einem jährlich gleichmässigen Zubau, würde im Jahr 2030 nur 8.6 TWh zur Verfügung stehen. Dies würde mit 80%iger Wahrscheinlichkeit auch bei Ablehnung der Atomausstiegsinitiative bis 2030 und darüber hinaus zu Stromimporten in erheblichem Umfang führen. Wenn Stromimporte in Zukunft verhindert oder auf geringem Niveau gehalten werden sollen, besteht sehr grosser Handlungsbedarf im Bereich Stromeffizienz und Ausbau der Erneuerbaren. Die heute bekannten Zielsetzungen und Massnahmen des Bundes genügen dazu bei weitem nicht.

Test strips that in combination with a portable fluorescence reader or digital camera can rapidly and selectively detect chemical warfare agents (CWAs) such as Tabun (GA), Sarin (GB), and Soman (GD) and their simulants in the gas phase have been developed. The strips contain spots of a hybrid indicator material consisting of a fluorescent BODIPY indicator covalently anchored into the channels of mesoporous SBA silica microparticles. The fluorescence quenching response allows the sensitive detection of CWAs in the mu g m(-3) range in a few seconds. ; Financial support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy, European FEDER funds (MAT2012-38429-C04), the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEOII/2014/047), and the Spanish Government is gratefully acknowledged. We thank S. Selve (Technical University Berlin) for TEM images, A. Zehl (Humboldt University Berlin) for elemental analysis, D. Pfeifer (BAM, Div. 1.3) for NMR, A. Zimathies (BAM 1.3) for N INF>2 /INF> adsorption/desorption, S. Ewald and A. Lehmann (BAM 1.5 & 1.8) for MS support, and T. Fischer (BAM 1.9) for support with the fluorescence decay measurements. ; Climent Terol, E.; Biyikal, M.; Gawlitza, K.; Dropa, T.; Urban, M.; Costero Nieto, AM.; Martínez-Máñez, R. (2016). A Rapid and Sensitive Strip-Based Quick Test for Nerve Agents Tabun, Sarin, and Soman Using BODIPY-Modified Silica Materials. Chemistry - A European Journal. 22(32):11138-11142. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201601269 ; S ; 11138 ; 11142 ; 22 ; 32

Fashion in Africa has undergone a tremendous transformation process due to an increase in international trade. As a result, African consumerism has surfaced. Through being part of the global community, the youth in Africa capitalizes on the wide variety of fashions available, and they view fashion as a medium for expressing their identity. More specifically, in South Africa, fashion is used as the ideal vehicle for the youth to re-map previously fixed racial identities. Although a number of studies have explored this subject in an array of contexts, limited research has focused on factors that drive fashion adoption among the youth in Johannesburg. In view of this identified research gap, the present study aims to investigate the impact of fashion consciousness, the need for uniqueness, interpersonal influence, individualism/collectivism, and masculinity/femininity on fashion adoption. A Field study was conducted in Johannesburg and research data were collected from 400 respondents aged between 18 to 29 years. Linear regression analysis was performed to explore the relationship between the quantitative outcome variable and the predictor variables of the study by use of the SPSS 22 and the AMOS 22 software program. The results reveal that two of the five variables positively influence fashion adoption, while individualism/collectivism has an inverse relationship with fashion adoption. The significance of gaining insight into such factors, draw from the rich political history of South Africa and how the youth's conflicting identities may influence the modern concept of adopting global fashion trends.

In a joint maneuver between the Mexican and Colombian governments, on May 22, 2009, Professor Miguel Ãngel Beltrán, who was conducting postdoctoral studies at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), was abducted. In a typical action of State terrorism and with the intention of reviving the dark Plan Condor, impelled by the dictatorships of the Southern Cone in the decades of 1970-1980 - which in Argentina has just been classified as "an illicit association for the disappearance of People "and fifteen of its members, including the former president-dictator Benito Bignone of Argentina, were sentenced to between twelve and twenty-five years, the regimes of Ãlvaro Uribe Vélez and Felipe Calderón proceeded to carry out that kidnapping. ; En una maniobra conjunta entre los gobiernos de México y de Colombia, el 22 de mayo del 2009 fue secuestrado el profesor Miguel Ángel Beltrán, que se encontraba adelantando estudios de posdoctorado en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). En una acción típica del terrorismo de Estado y con la intención de revivir el tenebroso Plan Cóndor, impulsado por las dictaduras del Cono Sur en las décadas de 1970-1980 –que en Argentina se acaba de catalogar como "una asociación ilícita para la desaparición de personas" y fueron condenados a penas de entre doce y veinticinco años quince de sus integrantes, entre ellos el ex presidente-dictador Benito Bignone de Argentina, los regímenes de Álvaro Uribe Vélez y de Felipe Calderón procedieron a efectuar ese secuestro.

Preventing involuntary conscription and voluntary recruitment of youth into armed groups are global human rights priorities. Pathways for self-reported voluntary recruitment and the impact of voluntary recruitment on mental health have received limited attention. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for voluntarily joining armed groups, as well as the association of conscription status and mental health. In Nepal, interviews were conducted with 258 former child soldiers who participated in a communist (Maoist) revolution. Eighty percent of child soldiers joined 'voluntarily'. Girls were 2.07 times as likely to join voluntarily (95% CI, 1.03–4.16, p=0.04). Among girls, 51% reported joining voluntarily because of personal connections to people who were members of the armed group, compared to 22% of boys. Other reasons included escaping difficult life situations (36%), inability to achieve other goals in life (28%), and an appealing philosophy of the armed group (32%). Poor economic conditions were more frequently endorsed among boys (22%) than girls (10%). Voluntary conscription was associated with decreased risk for PTSD among boys but not for girls. Interventions to prevent voluntary association with armed groups could benefit from attending to difficulties in daily life, identifying non-violent paths to achieve life goals, and challenging the political philosophy of armed groups. Among boys, addressing economic risk factors may prevent recruitment, and prevention efforts for girls will need to address personal connections to armed groups, as it has important implications for preventing recruitment through new methods, such as social media.

Aflatoxins are secondary fungal metabolites that contaminate cereals, other crops and animal source foods and are a recognized health risk. Kenya has had several outbreaks of aflatoxicosis affecting humans and pets. The aim of this study was to compare aflatoxin levels in cereals, the staple diet of Kenyans, in Nandi where aflatoxicosis has not been reported despite being a maize growing area. Maize, sorghum and millet were sampled from households and also from markets serving various villages in the selected sub-locations (408 samples). The samples were tested for total aflatoxin contamination using cELISA. Households in the study sub-locations depended on homegrown grains than market sourced. Sixty seven point nine percent (72/106), 73.3% (44/60) and 65.7% (67/102) of maize samples collected from Laboret, Kilibwoni and Chepkongony were contaminated with aflatoxins ranging between 0.17-5.3 parts per billion (ppb). Ninety two point nine percent (13/14), 100% (9/9) and 87.5% (14/16) of millet samples from Laboret, Kilibwoni and Chepkongony were positive for aflatoxin at a range of 0.14-6.4 ppb. Fifty percent (9/18), 36.4% (8/22) and 27.3% (6/22) of sorghum samples from Laboret, Kilibwoni and Chepkongony, respectively were contaminated with aflatoxins beyond Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) maximum tolerable limits of 10 ppb. To manage aflatoxin contamination of the cereals in Nandi, the county government needs to step up awareness creation of the dangers posed by chronic aflatoxin exposure to households through cereals and promote good Agricultural practices.

Trabajo de Fin de Máster en Servicios Públicos y Políticas Sociales. Curso 2014-2015. ; [ES] El presente trabajo es un análisis del Proceso de Paz de Colombia, desde su comienzo hasta el 22 de enero de 2015. Se utilizó una metodología de investigación empírica mediante la cual se pretende hacer un estudio del Proceso de Paz entre el Gobierno Santos y las FARC-EP, a través de un análisis de políticas públicas que permitió identificar diferentes elementos del proceso, teniendo en cuenta el pasado, el presente y el contexto prospectivo. Para hacer el trabajo se utilizó el enfoque de políticas, mediante el cual se analizaron documentos oficiales del proceso y fuentes de prensa relevantes. Así mismo, se recurrió a fuentes y datos secundarios que dieron cuenta de aspectos relacionados con el contexto pasado y presente del actual proceso de paz. ; [EN] This paper is an analysis of the Colombia Peace Process, since its inception until 22 January 2015. Empirical research methodology was used to study the peace process between the Santos government and the FARC-EP, through a policy analysis which identified different elements of the process, taking into account the past, present and prospective context. To make this work it was used the policy approach, whereby the process official documents and relevant news sources were analyzed. Also, secondary data sources were used under which it has been realized issues related to past and present context of the current peace process.

Рассмотрены и проанализированы основные нормативные документы Европейского Союза, регулирующие вопросы обеспечения электромагнитной совместимости электрооборудования и радиоэлектронной аппаратуры (Директива 2004/108/EC, Директива 2014/30/EU а также так называемые специальные Директивы ЕМС - Директива 2004/22/EC и Директива 1999/5/ЕС). В результате выполненного анализа определены основные особенности функционирования Директив ЕМС и даны соответствующие рекомендации по их применению. В первую очередь, это касается проведения процедуры соответствия, составления Декларации, а также проведения испытаний радиоэлектронной аппаратуры и электрооборудования на электромагнитную совместимость, в том числе и испытаний типа «EU-type examination». ; Ukraine is in the process of integration with the European Union, it needs to reform the existing system of industrial safety in accordance with European standards. The basic features of the functioning and application of European law for the electromagnetic compatibility of electrical and electronic equipment are discussed in this paper. The main regulations of the European Union governing the electromagnetic compatibility of electrical and electronic equipment, including Directive 2004/108/EC, Directive 2014/30/EU as well as the so-called special EMC Directive Directive 2004/22/EC and Directive 1999/5/EC are considered and analyzed. As a result, the main features of the functioning of the EMC Directive are identified and appropriate recommendations for the application of the EMC Directive are given. First of all, it concerns of the procedure compliance, Declaration drafting, as well as testing of electrical and electronic equipment for electromagnetic compatibility, including the «EU-type examination» tests.

Aflatoxins are secondary fungal metabolites that contaminate cereals, other crops and animal source foods and are a recognized health risk. Kenya has had several outbreaks of aflatoxicosis affecting humans and pets. The aim of this study was to compare aflatoxin levels in cereals, the staple diet of Kenyans, in Nandi where aflatoxicosis has not been reported despite being a maize growing area. Maize, sorghum and millet were sampled from households and also from markets serving various villages in the selected sub-locations (408 samples). The samples were tested for total aflatoxin contamination using cELISA. Households in the study sub-locations depended on homegrown grains than market sourced. Sixty seven point nine percent (72/106), 73.3% (44/60) and 65.7% (67/102) of maize samples collected from Laboret, Kilibwoni and Chepkongony were contaminated with aflatoxins ranging between 0.17-5.3 parts per billion (ppb). Ninety two point nine percent (13/14), 100% (9/9) and 87.5% (14/16) of millet samples from Laboret, Kilibwoni and Chepkongony were positive for aflatoxin at a range of 0.14-6.4 ppb. Fifty percent (9/18), 36.4% (8/22) and 27.3% (6/22) of sorghum samples from Laboret, Kilibwoni and Chepkongony, respectively were contaminated with aflatoxins beyond Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) maximum tolerable limits of 10 ppb. To manage aflatoxin contamination of the cereals in Nandi, the county government needs to step up awareness creation of the dangers posed by chronic aflatoxin exposure to households through cereals and promote good Agricultural practices.

Der Datensatz besteht aus 120 XLSX-Tabellen mit insgesamt 1.073 Zeitreihen zu verschiedenen Themen für Deutschland in den verschiedenen Grenzen von frühestens 1834, der Gründung des Zollvereins, bis spätestens 2012. Anlass war eine in Zusammenarbeit mit der Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung erstellte Publikation "Deutschland in Daten". Das Projekt beschränkte sich dabei auf die Zusammenstellung publizierter Daten 1. in langer Zeitreihenperspektive und 2. ohne regionale Differenzierung. Ziel des Projektes war es, verstreut vorhandene historische Zeitreihen zu identifizieren und zusammenzustellen und bei vertretbarem Aufwand diese zu ergänzen bzw. zu aktualisieren. Dabei sollten die bestmöglichen bzw. wichtigsten Daten zusammengestellt werden. Es sollten dabei nur solche Zeitreihen aufgenommen werden, für die zumindest theoretisch für den gesamten Zeitraum von 1834 bis 2012 Werte vorhanden sein können. Wesentlicher Aspekt des Konzeptes war die Kombination der Zusammenstellung der Daten mit einer kritischen Kommentierung und Begleitung des Auswahlprozesses durch ausgewiesene Experten. Die Daten wurden von 41 Personen an 25 Standorten bearbeitet und zusammengestellt. Insgesamt wurden 22 Themen bearbeitet (in Klammern die verantwortlichen Autoren): 1. Umwelt, Klima und Natur (Paul Erker); 2. Bevölkerung, Haushalte, Familien (Georg Fertig/Franz Rothenbacher); 3. Migration (Jochen Oltmer); 4. Bildung und Wissenschaft (Volker Müller-Benedict); 5. Gesundheitswesen (Reinhard Spree); 6. Sozialleistungen (Marcel Boldorf); 7. Öffentliche Finanzen und Steuern (Mark Spoerer); 8. Politische Partizipation (Marc Debus); 9. Kriminalität (Dietrich Oberwittler); 10. Arbeit, Einkommen und Lebensstandard (Toni Pierenkemper); 11. Kultur, Tourismus und Sport (Heike Wolter/Bernd Wedemeyer-Kolwe); 12. Religion (Thomas Großbölting/Markus Goldbeck); 13. Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnungen (Rainer Metz); 14. Preise (Rainer Metz); 15. Geld und Kredit (Richard Tilly); 16. Verkehr und Kommunikation (Christopher Kopper); 17. Land- und Forstwirtschaft (Michael Kopsidis); 18. Unternehmen, Industrie und Handwerk (Alfred Reckendrees); 19. Bauen und Wohnen (Günther Schulz); 20. Handel (Markus Lampe/ Nikolaus Wolf); 21. Zahlungsbilanz (Nikolaus Wolf); 22. Internationale Vergleiche (Herman de Jong/Joerg Baten); Dokumentation zur Buch-Publikation: Rahlf, Thomas (Hg.), Deutschland in Daten. Zeitreihen zur Historischen Statistik, Bonn: Bundeszentrale für Politische Bildung 2015. Die Dokumentation nennt die verwendeten Quellen.

RESUMEN: Este artículo analiza el proceso que intentó la formulación de la política pública para la población indígena de la ciudad de Medellín en el período 2008-2009, mediante dos fases: i) realización de diagnóstico y priorizaron de las problemáticas de las 22 etnias indígenas que habitan la ciudad, y ii) formulación de la política pública. Desde el enfoque étnico para el análisis de las políticas públicas se observa que el fracaso de este proceso lo determinó i) el desconocimiento de las negociaciones y los acuerdos inicialmente alcanzados por uno de los cabildos de la ciudad, además de ii) los conflictos políticos en la Alianza Social Indígena; lo enunciado se da a pesar del consenso inicial entre la población indígena representada en dos cabildos urbanos y la Administración municipal. ; ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes the process of the formulation of public policy for the indigenous population of the city of Medellin in the period 2008-2009, through two phases: i) to diagnostic and prioritized the issues of the 22 indigenous ethnic groups living the city, and ii) the formulation of public policy. From the ethnic approach to the analysis of public policies, it is noted that despite the initial consensus among the indigenous population, represented in two urban indigenous councils and the municipal administration ignorance of negotiations and agreements initially achieved by one of the councils of the city, and therefore the political conflicts within the Indigenous Social Alliance led to the failure of this policy

Nach dem Sturz der Taliban markiert die neue afghanische Verfassung aus dem Jahre 2004 einen fundamentalen Neuanfang für die Stellung der Frau – zumindest aus normativer Sichtweise. Art. 22 der afghanischen Verfassung lautet: "Die Bürger Afghanistans, sowohl Frauen als auch Männer, haben vor dem Gesetz gleiche Rechte und Pflichten". Gemäß Art. 7 der Verfassung hat der Staat u.a. die Allgemeine Menschenrechtserklärung und die von Afghanistan ratifizierten Verträge zu achten. Dazu zählt auch das Übereinkommen zur Beseitigung jeder Form der Diskriminierung der Frau. Hingegen legt Art. 3 der Verfassung fest, dass kein Gesetz dem Glauben und den Bestimmungen der heiligen Religion des Islam widersprechen darf. Doch in welchem Verhältnis stehen diese Rechtsquellen im Falle einer Normenkollision? Explizite Verfassungsbestimmungen hierzu existieren nicht. Im Zentrum der Untersuchung der vorliegenden Arbeit steht die Klärung dieses Verhältnisses betreffend die Stellung der Frau und im Speziellen für das Scheidungsrecht. ; After the fall of the Taliban, the new Afghan constitution of 2004 marks a fundamental beginning for the status of women – at least from a normative perspective. Art. 22 of the Afghan constitution contains: "The citizens of Afghanistan, man and woman, have equal rights and duties before the law." According to Art. 7 of the constitution the state shall observe i. a. the international treaties to which Afghanistan has joined. This also covers the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. At the same time, Art. 3 of the constitution provides that no law should contravene the tenets and provisions of the holy religion of Islam in Afghanistan. But how do these different sources of law interact in conflicting legal fields? There are no exiting provisions of the constitution explicitly offering an answer to this problem. This work focuses on the solution of this question regarding the status of women, especially in the law of divorce. ; peerReviewed

Current research in employing pattern recognition techniques in a wireless sensor network (WSN) to detect anomalous or suspicious behavior is limited. The purpose of this research was to determine the feasibility of an accurate tracking and intent assessment system of unknown or foreign radio frequency (RF) emitters in close proximity to and within military installations as a method for physical security. 22 position tracks were collected using a hand-held Global Positioning System (GPS) unit and a training data set from five different features was generated for each position track. Each collected position track was individually classified as suspicious or non-suspicious by the leave-one-out-cross-validation (LOOCV) method using four different classification methods. The four classification methods used in this research were the linear discriminant function (LDF), the diagonal linear discriminant function (DLDF), the quadratic discriminant function (QDF) and the Mahalanobis distance method. The accuracies and false positive/negative error rates of the four classification methods were compared for different assessment system configurations. Additionally, best fit receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated for each classification method and discussed. The QDF classification method out-performed the other three classification methods. This classification method achieved an accuracy of 95% when it classified the 22 position tracks one at a time. The lowest false positive and false negative rates were 10% and 0%, respectively. The prior probabilities for the non-suspicious and suspicious classes were both set to 50% class for this configuration.

Maģistra darba "Plūdu risku pārvaldības attīstība Latvijā'' mērķis ir izstrādāt plūdu risku pārvaldības integrētās vadlīnijas vietējām pašvaldībām. Kopumā maģistra darba socioloģiskā pētījuma ietvaros veiktas 22 strukturētās dziļās intervijas. Gadījumu situācijas analīzes ietvaros intervēti sekojoši mērķgrupu pārstāvji un eksperti – dabas zinātnieki, inženieri, izglītotāji, iedzīvotāji, pašvaldību pārstāvji, VARAM pārstāvji, VUGD pārstāvji, NVO pārstāvji, kā arī anketēti 130 iedzīvotāji. Maģistra darba nobeigumā sniegti pētījuma secinājumi, kā arī tiek piedāvātas plūdu risku pārvaldības vadlīnijās. Pētījuma rezultātus iespējams izmantot ne tikai plūdu apdraudētajās pašvaldībās, bet arī citu pašvaldību plūdu risku pārvaldības plānošanā. Darbā ir 7 nodaļas, 24 attēli un 14 tabulas, kas sastāda 136 lappuses. Atslēgas vārdi: ilgtspējīga attīstība, vides pārvaldība, riksu pārvaldība, plūdi, plūdu risku pārvaldība, vides komunikācija, plūdu risku komunikācija. ; The aim of Master Paper "The development of flood risk management in Latvia'' is to elaborate integrated flood risk management guidelines for local governments. During Masters Paper sociological research 22 structured in-depth interviews were taken with stakeholders and experts - natural scientists, engineers, educators, residents, local government representatives, representatives of VARAM, representatives of VUGD, representatives of NGOs, and 130 inhabitants were questioned. In the ending of the Paper conclusions integrated flood risk management guidelines for local governments are proposed. Results of the research can be used not only in flood-prone local governments, but also in other local governments for flood risk management planning. There are 7 chapters, 24 images and 16 tables, and 136 pages in Paper. Key words: flood, flood risk management, sustainable development, environmental management, environmental communication, flood risk communication.