Suchergebnisse

This spotlight issue encourages reflection on the current COVID-19 pandemic not simply through comparisons with previous epidemics, but also by illustrating that epidemics deserve study within their broader cultural, political, scientific, and geographic contexts. Epidemics are not solely a function of pathogens; they are also a function of how society is structured, how political power is wielded in the name of public health, how quantitative data is collected, how diseases are categorised and modelled, and how histories of disease are narrated. Each of these activities has its own history. As historians of science and medicine have long pointed out, even the most basic methodologies that underpin scientific research – observation, trust in numbers, the use of models, even the experimental method itself – have a history. They should not be taken as a given, but understood as processes, or even strategies, that were negotiated, argued for and against, and developed within particular historical contexts and explanatory schemes. Knowing the history of something – whether of numbers, narratives, or disease – enables us to see a broader range of trajectories available to us. These varied histories also remind us that we are currently in the midst of a chaotic drama of uncertainty, within our own unstable and unfolding narrative.

The academic reform in the 1960s and 1970s were formative years for the history of science in the Second Republic of Austria. Political Science, as a discipline, was particularly affected - not the least because this was the time when the discipline was, finally, institutionalized. This article, however, examines the background why the study of politics and policy in Austria was formalized so late. While often-neglected in the literature, the first two decades academic life of the in the renewed republic are of particular interest to us. What forms of academic (or, scientific) engagement with politics and policy can we find in this pre-discipline era? This question is tackled along three different layers in the contemporary academic framework, firstly epistemological trends, secondly academic practices, and thirdly early forms of institutionalization. The article is part of the ongoing special topic on "40 years of ÖZP" in 2012.

A comprehensive history of policing from the eighteenth century onwards, which draws on largely unused police archives. Clive Emsley addresses all the major issues of debate; he explores the impact of legislation and policy at both national and local levels, and considers the claim that the English police were non-political and free from political control. In the final section, he looks at the changing experience of police life. Established as a standard introduction to the subject on its first appearance, the Second Edition has been substantially revised and is now published under the Longman

History of science's spatial turn has focused on the horizontal dimension, leaving the role of the vertical mostly unexplored as both a condition and object of scientific knowledge production. This special issue seeks to contribute to a burgeoning discussion on the role of verticality in modern sciences, building upon a wider interdisciplinary debate about the importance of the vertical and the volumetric in the making of modern lifeworlds. In this essay and in the contributions that follow, verticality appears as a condition of knowledge production—a set of movements and mobilities, technical challenges, political negotiations, and bodily hardships—and an object of scientific inquiry, requiring new techniques of mapping and visualisation and generative of new insights into physical processes and temporal change. By foregrounding the vertical, historians of science can gain new insights and tell new stories about how science is done in the field, the observatory, and the laboratory, and about how those sciences have helped build a modern, three‐dimensional world.

In this paper I discuss some relevant theses of Caranti?s Kant?s Political
Legacy, whose aim is to provide a consistent account of how we could develop
Kant?s political thought and see to what extent Kant?s insights can help us
to critically understand the 21st century?s political world. First, I will
focus on autonomy as the ground of dignity and discuss Caranti?s arguments
against the exclusiveness of the Categorical Imperative as the sole
principle of true moral agency. Second, I will take into account Caranti?s
views on history and consider whether human rational nature can be regarded
as containing teleological - though non-biological - elements, thereby
questioning Caranti?s Separability Thesis.