Suchergebnisse

"A pioneer in the field of Russian and Soviet studies in the West, Alfred J. Rieber's five decade career has focused on increasing our understanding of the Russian Empire from Peter the Great to the coming of the First World War. The Imperial Russian Project is a collection of Rieber's lifetime of work, focusing on three interconnected themes of this time period: the role of reform in the process of state building, the interaction of state and social movements, and alternative visions of economic development. This volume contains Rieber's previously published, classic essays, edited and updated, as well as newly written works that together provide a well-integrated framework for reflection on this topic. Rieber argues that Russia's style of autocratic governance not only reflected the personalities of the rulers but also the challenges of overcoming economic backwardness in a society lacking common citizenship and a cohesive ruling class. The Imperial Russian Project reveals how during the nineteenth century the tsar was obliged to operate within a changing and more complex world, reducing his options and restricting his freedom of action."--

The pastoral Gaddi tribes of Himachal Pradesh were studied in four blocks of Kangara district. As many as 93% of the households in the sample had access to piped drinking water, 92% had electricity, and more than 90% were connected by roads. TV sets, newspapers and telephones were largely found in well to do families. The male literacy rate was found to be 80% and the female literacy rate, 63%. Women of this community are highly empowered; they express themselves freely, and 90% spend money or go to receive health services without the permission of their men folk. Only 9% of the households were landless. 63.5% were marginal holders. Though size of holdings is small, it was found to promote food security. It was also found that sub tribes like the Gaddi Rajputs, Gaddi Kapoors and Gaddi Bhatts had larger holdings than other sub tribes, notably Gaddi SCs. Likewise poverty was found to be higher among the SC Gaddis as compared to the non SC Gaddis.

An interview study among mental-health professionals working with victims of war & violence in postwar Nicaragua suggests that the professionals frame their understanding of problems, methods of interventions, definitions of aims & goals, as well as their professional role, in a sociopolitical context rather than in a clinical or an academic one. They tell about war heroes becoming marginalized & excluded as the sociopolitical context changed, & about the onset of posttraumatic stress reactions in relation to poverty & social isolation. In response to these conditions, community-oriented psychosocial work, with emphasis on social reconstruction & reconciliation, is emphasized. The experiences of the professionals & their ways of framing & confronting postwar issues are discussed as important contributions to a contextual understanding of trauma & reactions to traumatic events. The role of cultural understandings & meaning systems in which events & reactions are embedded is highlighted. 55 References. Adapted from the source document.

"The Xilixana Yanomami, an Indian tribe of the northern Amazon Basin in Brazil, have been widely studied as the largest indigenous people to retain a traditional way of life. This book presents the most complete account available of the Yanomami before and after their encounter with the modern world."

A close reading & interpretation of Du Bois's "The Study of the Negro Problems" (1898) focuses on several matters: the historical & biographical contexts in which Du Bois produced & presented the essay; what the author takes to be Du Bois's convictions regarding the nature & production of scientific, truthful knowledge; & the importance of such knowledge for resolving social problems & thereby contributing to progressive social evolution. These convictions presupposed & were conditioned by a particular conception of social reality in terms of which Du Bois formulated a conception of "social problems," particularly those having to do with "the Negro" in the US. Also reviewed are Du Bois's critique of then-prevailing social science & his proposed "Program for Future Study" of "Negro problems.". 11 References. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractForced migration has a major impact on family life. Yet, how the trajectory of flight and process of rebuilding everyday family life can challenge parental care is understudied and undertheorized. This article provides insight into the multiple transitions and ruptures that dramatically change the everyday conditions for parental care in the migratory process. By empirically exploring the migratory process in a family perspective, including the perspective of children and parents, and by analytically unfolding an understanding of parental care as part of shifting local structures of social practice, the article sheds light on the content of parental care so rarely studied. The analysis draws on an ethnographically inspired practice research study conducted in 2014–2017 in cooperation with five Syrian families, while they were awaiting asylum and during their first year with a temporary residence permit in Denmark. The empirical foundation consists of participant observation in the everyday life of the families and recurrent interviews with eight parents and 15 children. The article concludes with a discussion of the contribution to the conceptualization of parental care and implications for qualifying social work with refugee families.

Roughly one in ten adult Americans find their walking slowed by progressive chronic conditions like arthritis, back problems, heart and lung diseases, and diabetes. In this passionate and deeply informed book, Lisa I. Iezzoni describes the personal experiences of and societal responses to adults whose mobility makes it difficult for them to live as they wish—partly because of physical and emotional conditions and partly because of persisting societal and environmental barriers. Basing her conclusions on personal experience, a wealth of survey data, and extensive interviews with dozens of people from a wide social spectrum, Iezzoni explains who has mobility problems and why; how mobility difficulties affect people's physical comfort, attitudes, daily activities, and relationships with family and friends throughout their communities; strategies for improving mobility; and how the health care system addresses mobility difficulties, providing and financing services and assistive technologies. Iezzoni claims that, although strategies exist to improve mobility, many people do not know where to turn for advice. She addresses the need to inform policymakers about areas where changes will better accommodate people with difficulty walking. This straightforward and engaging narrative clearly demonstrates that improving people's ability to move freely and independently will enhance overall health and quality of life, not only for these persons, but also for society as a whole

The criminal justice system as social policy -- Historical context of African American inequality in Tennessee -- Competing perspectives on social inequality, criminal justice, and race in the United States -- African American disenfranchisement in Tennessee -- Profit-seeking motives and racist policy in Tennessee -- Summary, conclusions, and policy recommendations.

One hundred and seven families with a child diagnosed with a life‐limiting condition, from all over Queensland (Australia), were surveyed on their need for a trained volunteer. Their comments provide important insights into an area which has not previously been researched or documented. In summary, their responses indicate that many families have only minimal or no support, and are coping with extraordinary physical, emotional and social demands from the child's condition and treatment. The majority of the participants are very positive about the need for a trained volunteer and are clear about the activities that trained volunteers could provide assistance with. These activities range from practical assistance such as baby‐sitting and help with household chores and errands to emotional support. Not all families would be comfortable using a volunteer, and some respondents did outline perceived obstacles to including a volunteer in family activities. For others there were comments about why volunteers would be perceived as unproblematic. Respondents specified important criteria that would need to be addressed in volunteer training. The largest number of respondents were coping with cystic fibrosis and muscular dystrophy. It is the hope and expectation that, with the communication of the insights gathered from this geographically diverse group of families, encouragement will be given to others working in this area to explore the possibility of establishing outreach volunteer programmes for such families.

This book uses the historical sociological approach of Michael Mann to analyse the process of state-building in Turkey from the changes developed during the Ottoman Empire to the organisation of the modern-day government.

Crumbling smokestacks, shuttered furnaces, and abandoned quarries are all striking representations of deindustrialization. These and other images construct a discourse whose ideological undertones, far from confining them to the realm of symbolic nostalgia, have profound effects on contemporary societies. In 2015, within the European Labor History Network (ELHN), a working group on historical cultures of labor under conditions of deindustrialization (working group) began to critically study and reflect on this nascent theme. It grew from a small group of researchers to a network of academics across Europe and beyond. Though the study of deindustrialization is not new, contemporary work offers insights into the continuing struggle over the meaning of classical industrial work and its loss, revealing unresolved social, cultural, and political tensions. Yet, existing representations of deindustrialization have been criticized as "smokestack nostalgia." In order to chart how we understand contemporary industrial decay in our political, cultural, and economic climate, the working group explores representations and more-than representations of loss and regeneration in deindustrialized regions, primarily in Europe but widening to include a growing global network.