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This paper provides an overview of the telecommunications policy environment in Canada. Like Milner's (2009) article on New Zealand, this paper offers insights on international approaches to telecommunications policy. Canada's telecommunications history reveals a mix of private and public sector investment in regionally-based service providers. Canada did not have a single, publicly owned telecommunications carrier as was the case in Australia. Liberalisation of the telecommunications marketplace encouraged the development of competing infrastructures, with cable companies (traditionally focused on broadcasting distribution) and telephone companies now both providing wireline and wireless, voice, Internet and television services. Competition for wireline services remains regionally based, while wireless providers compete nationally. Although competition is intense, the broadband and wireless markets are highly concentrated. Competition in these markets has not resulted in extensive consumer choice, low prices or innovative services. Most Canadian consumers have access to broadband connectivity, but uptake rates now lag other OECD countries, for services that are slower and more expensive than those available in many other locations. Mobile phone penetration in Canada is on par with that of developing nations. The paper explores the characteristics of Canada's telecommunication markets, discusses the policy environment and notes that government has not offered a vision of a digital future for Canada. ; Middleton, C. (2011). Canada's Telecommunications Policy Environment. Telecommunications Journal of Australia. (61:4). pp. 69.1-69.14.

No more published. ; Stamped on half title: Consulado General de la Republica de Cuba, New York. ; Portacla -- Retrato del autor -- Carta autografa del Presidente de la República, general Menocal, al autor -- Cuba -- Retrato del Presidente de la República -- Mayor General Mario G. Menocal, Presidente de la República (biografía) -- Mapa, bandera y escudo de Cuba -- Geografia fisica y politica -- Historia -- La Prensa -- Politica -- Hacienda; reforma monetaria y estado del crédito público -- Sanidad y Beneficencia -- Inmigración -- Agricultura -- Azúcar -- Tabaco -- Ganaderia -- Mineria -- Industria y Comercio -- Aduanas -- Instrucción pública -- Obras públicas -- Poder Legislativo: Senado y Cånnara de Representantes -- Poder Judicial -- Ejército y Marina -- Policia -- Correos y Telégrafos -- Gobierno y Consejo Provinciales de la Habana -- Municipalidad de la Habana -- Habana -- Banca -- Ferrocarriles -- Vapores -- Los grandes hoteles -- Grandes empresas industriales y comerciales (monografias) -- Casinos y Clubs -- Centros regionales -- La representación de España en Cuba -- Las provincias -- Costumbres cubanas -- La mujer cubana -- Vida social -- Damas de la alta sociedad cubana (retratos) -- Album de retratos y biografías de altas personalidades cubanas -- Nuestros colaboradores. ; Print version: Pardos, Gerardo. Libro de oro hispano-americano. Volumen I. Edición de Lujo. Paris, Sociedad Editorial Hispano-Americana, 1917. OCLC 1871432.

Massive waves of migrants fleeing poverty & refugees fleeing war have had a considerable effect on receiving countries. Focus here is on the emergence of latent resistance in 22 countries (based on 1995 survey data) to the influx of migrants, manifested in the negative attitudes & exclusionist reactions of their citizens toward the foreigners: the more citizens with negative attitudes, the greater the public support for immigration restriction. In a cross-country examination of this situation, a distinction is drawn between economic immigrants & refugees in search of safety. Various theories, especially those of ethnic competition or threat & localist orientation, support the findings that ethnic majority individuals who were less educated, self-employed, poorly employed (manual labor), unemployed, & poor were more likely to feel negatively toward immigrants in general, though attitudes were far less negative toward refugees than economic migrants. Tables, Figures. J. Stanton