Suchergebnisse

The number of telecommunication networks deployed in a dynamic environment is quickly growing. This is true in our everyday life (e.g., smartphones, vehicles, or satellites) as well as in the military context (e.g., dismounted soldiers or swarms of UAVs). Unfortunately, few theoretical tools enable, to date, the study of dynamic networks in a formal and rigorous way. As a result, it is hard and sometimes impossible to guarantee, mathematically, that a given algorithm will reach its objectives once deployed in real conditions. Having such guarantees would seem to be crucial in a military context. In a previous report we identified a collection of recent theoretical tools whose purpose is to model, describe, and leverage dynamic networks in a formal way. This report focuses on problems, algorithms, and analysis techniques. We review recent efforts towards the design and analysis of distributed algorithms in dynamic networks, with an emphasis on those results that are of a deterministic and analytical nature. The topics include a discussion on how mobility impacts the very definition of problems; a set of generic tools to be used in the design or analysis of dynamic network algorithms; a discussion on the impact of various types of dynamics on the feasibility and complexity of given problems; a classification of dynamic networks based on dynamic graph properties; and finally, a discussion on how real-world mobility contexts relate to some of these classes.

National audience ; Exploiter le potentiel des machines multiprocesseurs hiérarchiques nécessite une répartition précise des threads et des données sur l'architecture non-uniforme sous-jacente afin d'éviter des pénalités d'accès mémoire. Les langages à base de directives comme OpenMP fournissent au programmeur une façon simple de structurer le parallélisme de leurs applications et de transmettre cette information au support d'exécution. Notre support exécutif, basé sur une ordonnanceur de threads multi-niveaux combiné à un gestionnaire mémoire spécialement conçu pour les architectures NUMA, convertit cette information en indications à l'ordonnanceur pour respecter les affinités entre threads et données. Il offre une distri- bution dynamique de la charge de travail guidée par la structure de l'application et la topologie de la machine cible, dans le but d'atteindre la portabilité des performances. Les premières expériences mon- trent qu'une approche mixte, faisant intervenir conjointement déplacement de threads et migration de données se comporte mieux que les politiques de distribution de données basées sur next-touch, laissant entrevoir la possibilité de nouvelles optimisations.

National audience ; Exploiter le potentiel des machines multiprocesseurs hiérarchiques nécessite une répartition précise des threads et des données sur l'architecture non-uniforme sous-jacente afin d'éviter des pénalités d'accès mémoire. Les langages à base de directives comme OpenMP fournissent au programmeur une façon simple de structurer le parallélisme de leurs applications et de transmettre cette information au support d'exécution. Notre support exécutif, basé sur une ordonnanceur de threads multi-niveaux combiné à un gestionnaire mémoire spécialement conçu pour les architectures NUMA, convertit cette information en indications à l'ordonnanceur pour respecter les affinités entre threads et données. Il offre une distri- bution dynamique de la charge de travail guidée par la structure de l'application et la topologie de la machine cible, dans le but d'atteindre la portabilité des performances. Les premières expériences mon- trent qu'une approche mixte, faisant intervenir conjointement déplacement de threads et migration de données se comporte mieux que les politiques de distribution de données basées sur next-touch, laissant entrevoir la possibilité de nouvelles optimisations.

This report has been written by members of the consortium from LIRIS partner. ; Plug computers enable any of us to maintain cheap nano-clusters of Raspberry Pis at home, and to host data and services. These plug-based systems offer a middle-ground between traditional data-centers and P2P networks. In contrast to data-centers, plug-based systems rely on autonomous participants. This clearly puts back the control of our digital lives in the users' hands and reduces the asymmetric relationship many of us maintain with our service providers. Differently from P2P network, plug-based systems provide a stable infrastructure that exhibits little churn, and opens the possibility of novel and optimized mechanisms.In this deliverable, we focus on users' queries. They have been shown to be a valuable resource, so that democratizing their access should support the flourishing of new creative activities. Without opposition to solutions brought by major companies, we aim at an alternative and complementary proposal to existing systems which opens the ability to enhance users' data to many more, while respecting their privacy.In this task, our two main objectives are: i) to define a generic organization that enables a community of users to share and capitalize on their queries and provided results, and ii) to permit the use of aggregation queries preserving privacy even if related to private data.

This report has been written by members of the consortium from LIRIS partner. ; Plug computers enable any of us to maintain cheap nano-clusters of Raspberry Pis at home, and to host data and services. These plug-based systems offer a middle-ground between traditional data-centers and P2P networks. In contrast to data-centers, plug-based systems rely on autonomous participants. This clearly puts back the control of our digital lives in the users' hands and reduces the asymmetric relationship many of us maintain with our service providers. Differently from P2P network, plug-based systems provide a stable infrastructure that exhibits little churn, and opens the possibility of novel and optimized mechanisms.In this deliverable, we focus on users' queries. They have been shown to be a valuable resource, so that democratizing their access should support the flourishing of new creative activities. Without opposition to solutions brought by major companies, we aim at an alternative and complementary proposal to existing systems which opens the ability to enhance users' data to many more, while respecting their privacy.In this task, our two main objectives are: i) to define a generic organization that enables a community of users to share and capitalize on their queries and provided results, and ii) to permit the use of aggregation queries preserving privacy even if related to private data.

This report has been written by members of the consortium from LIRIS partner. ; Plug computers enable any of us to maintain cheap nano-clusters of Raspberry Pis at home, and to host data and services. These plug-based systems offer a middle-ground between traditional data-centers and P2P networks. In contrast to data-centers, plug-based systems rely on autonomous participants. This clearly puts back the control of our digital lives in the users' hands and reduces the asymmetric relationship many of us maintain with our service providers. Differently from P2P network, plug-based systems provide a stable infrastructure that exhibits little churn, and opens the possibility of novel and optimized mechanisms.In this deliverable, we focus on users' queries. They have been shown to be a valuable resource, so that democratizing their access should support the flourishing of new creative activities. Without opposition to solutions brought by major companies, we aim at an alternative and complementary proposal to existing systems which opens the ability to enhance users' data to many more, while respecting their privacy.In this task, our two main objectives are: i) to define a generic organization that enables a community of users to share and capitalize on their queries and provided results, and ii) to permit the use of aggregation queries preserving privacy even if related to private data.

This report has been written by members of the consortium from LIRIS partner. ; Plug computers enable any of us to maintain cheap nano-clusters of Raspberry Pis at home, and to host data and services. These plug-based systems offer a middle-ground between traditional data-centers and P2P networks. In contrast to data-centers, plug-based systems rely on autonomous participants. This clearly puts back the control of our digital lives in the users' hands and reduces the asymmetric relationship many of us maintain with our service providers. Differently from P2P network, plug-based systems provide a stable infrastructure that exhibits little churn, and opens the possibility of novel and optimized mechanisms.In this deliverable, we focus on users' queries. They have been shown to be a valuable resource, so that democratizing their access should support the flourishing of new creative activities. Without opposition to solutions brought by major companies, we aim at an alternative and complementary proposal to existing systems which opens the ability to enhance users' data to many more, while respecting their privacy.In this task, our two main objectives are: i) to define a generic organization that enables a community of users to share and capitalize on their queries and provided results, and ii) to permit the use of aggregation queries preserving privacy even if related to private data.

International audience ; Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) can offer invaluable computational performance for many compute-intensive algorithms. However, to justify their purchase and administration costs it is necessary to maximize resource utilization over their expected lifetime. Making FPGAs available in a cloud environment would make them attractive to new types of users and applications and help democratize this increasingly popular technology. However, there currently exists no satisfactory technique for offering FPGAs as cloud resources and sharing them between multiple tenants. We propose FPGA groups, which are seen by their clients as a single virtual FPGA, and which aggregate the computational power of multiple physical FPGAs. FPGA groups are elastic, and they may be shared among multiple tenants. We present an autoscaling algorithm to maximize FPGA groups' resource utilization and reduce user-perceived computation latencies. FPGA groups incur a low overhead in the order of 0.09ms per submitted task. When faced with a challenging workload, the autoscaling algorithm increases resource utilization from 52% to 61% compared to a static resource allocation, while reducing task execution latencies by 61%.

International audience ; Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) can offer invaluable computational performance for many compute-intensive algorithms. However, to justify their purchase and administration costs it is necessary to maximize resource utilization over their expected lifetime. Making FPGAs available in a cloud environment would make them attractive to new types of users and applications and help democratize this increasingly popular technology. However, there currently exists no satisfactory technique for offering FPGAs as cloud resources and sharing them between multiple tenants. We propose FPGA groups, which are seen by their clients as a single virtual FPGA, and which aggregate the computational power of multiple physical FPGAs. FPGA groups are elastic, and they may be shared among multiple tenants. We present an autoscaling algorithm to maximize FPGA groups' resource utilization and reduce user-perceived computation latencies. FPGA groups incur a low overhead in the order of 0.09ms per submitted task. When faced with a challenging workload, the autoscaling algorithm increases resource utilization from 52% to 61% compared to a static resource allocation, while reducing task execution latencies by 61%.

International audience ; Las alertas ambientales declaradas en Bogotá, los informes mundiales sobre la situación actual del medio ambiente y los efectos de la contaminación sobre la salud de las personas son las principales causas por las que el grupo de investigación GISSIC (Grupo de Investigación en Seguridad y Sistemas de Comunicación) decidiera elaborar un proyecto que pudiera entregar una solución tecnológica alternativa, en tiempo real y a una escala importante.El despliegue de nodos IoT capaces de realizar las medidas de las variables contaminantes que se encuentran suspendidas en el aire se realizará inicialmente en el campus Nueva Granada que se encuentra ubicado en Cajicá y posteriormente a las demás sedes de la universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Los datos recolectados serán enviados a una interfaz de usuario en la que se podrá visualizar el comportamiento de las variables seleccionadas. Estos datos serán públicos para que la comunidad tenga acceso a esta información y pintos de voluntariado podrán acrecentar la red para hacerla colaborativa.La arquitectura que se está desarrollando se compone por sensores distribuidos y una plataforma escalable con capacidades de administración y gestión remota, así como procesamiento en edge computing. La plataforma tendrá la capacidad de integrarse con la plataforma de administración de servicios que se está implementando en el WIRID LAB y las plataformas de Future Internet of Things de INSA en Francia.

International audience ; Accidents of pedestrians sometimes take lives, in Bucara-manga since 2012 pedestrian died by accidents are 179, and 2873 hurt, In a city as Bucaramanga, this means each day at least one pedestrian is involved in a accident. Therefore is necessary to know the causes of accidents in the way to decrease the accidents. One of many reasons to know the causes is with system dynamics, simulating the events of the Pedestrian behavior when accidents occur in risen cities. The implementation simulation joint with technology and research looking for saving lives, reducing the accidental rate, and to implementing or suggesting new policies from the government. This project is looking for the implementation of technology in video records and Deep Learning analysis for the service of the citizens, where a simulation model will be revealing the main variables which intervene in the pedestrian's behavior. As initials results, shows the methodology here implemented, can reach data which was insufficient before thanks to the cameras and software of objects detection , those are the data input for the simulation model, which after to implement a change in a particular spot of Bucaramanga is possible decrease the accident rate in 80% where pedestrians could be involved.

International audience ; Las alertas ambientales declaradas en Bogotá, los informes mundiales sobre la situación actual del medio ambiente y los efectos de la contaminación sobre la salud de las personas son las principales causas por las que el grupo de investigación GISSIC (Grupo de Investigación en Seguridad y Sistemas de Comunicación) decidiera elaborar un proyecto que pudiera entregar una solución tecnológica alternativa, en tiempo real y a una escala importante.El despliegue de nodos IoT capaces de realizar las medidas de las variables contaminantes que se encuentran suspendidas en el aire se realizará inicialmente en el campus Nueva Granada que se encuentra ubicado en Cajicá y posteriormente a las demás sedes de la universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Los datos recolectados serán enviados a una interfaz de usuario en la que se podrá visualizar el comportamiento de las variables seleccionadas. Estos datos serán públicos para que la comunidad tenga acceso a esta información y pintos de voluntariado podrán acrecentar la red para hacerla colaborativa.La arquitectura que se está desarrollando se compone por sensores distribuidos y una plataforma escalable con capacidades de administración y gestión remota, así como procesamiento en edge computing. La plataforma tendrá la capacidad de integrarse con la plataforma de administración de servicios que se está implementando en el WIRID LAB y las plataformas de Future Internet of Things de INSA en Francia.

International audience ; Accidents of pedestrians sometimes take lives, in Bucara-manga since 2012 pedestrian died by accidents are 179, and 2873 hurt, In a city as Bucaramanga, this means each day at least one pedestrian is involved in a accident. Therefore is necessary to know the causes of accidents in the way to decrease the accidents. One of many reasons to know the causes is with system dynamics, simulating the events of the Pedestrian behavior when accidents occur in risen cities. The implementation simulation joint with technology and research looking for saving lives, reducing the accidental rate, and to implementing or suggesting new policies from the government. This project is looking for the implementation of technology in video records and Deep Learning analysis for the service of the citizens, where a simulation model will be revealing the main variables which intervene in the pedestrian's behavior. As initials results, shows the methodology here implemented, can reach data which was insufficient before thanks to the cameras and software of objects detection , those are the data input for the simulation model, which after to implement a change in a particular spot of Bucaramanga is possible decrease the accident rate in 80% where pedestrians could be involved.

International audience ; To accommodate the ever-increasing demand for Utility Computing (UC) resources while taking into account both energy and economical issues, the current trend consists in building larger and larger data centers in a few strategic locations. Although such an approach enables to cope with the actual demand while continuing to operate UC resources through centralized software system, it is far from delivering sustainable and efficient UC infrastructures. We claim that a disruptive change in UC infrastructures is required: UC resources should be man-aged differently, considering locality as a primary concern. To this aim, we pro-pose to leverage any facilities available through the Internet in order to deliver widely distributed UC platforms that can better match the geographical dispersal of users as well as the unending resource demand. Critical to the emergence of such locality-based UC (LUC) platforms is the availability of appropriate operat-ing mechanisms. We advocate the implementation of a unified system driving the use of resources at an unprecedented scale by turning a complex and diverse infra-structure into a collection of abstracted computing facilities that is both easy to operate and reliable. By deploying and using such a LUC Operating System on backbones, our ultimate vision is to make possible to host/operate a large part of the Internet by its internal structure itself: A scalable and nearly infinite set of resources delivered by any computing facilities forming the Internet, starting from the larger hubs operated by ISPs, governments and academic institutions to any idle resources that may be provided by end-users.

International audience ; To accommodate the ever-increasing demand for Utility Computing (UC) resources while taking into account both energy and economical issues, the current trend consists in building larger and larger data centers in a few strategic locations. Although such an approach enables to cope with the actual demand while continuing to operate UC resources through centralized software system, it is far from delivering sustainable and efficient UC infrastructures. We claim that a disruptive change in UC infrastructures is required: UC resources should be man-aged differently, considering locality as a primary concern. To this aim, we pro-pose to leverage any facilities available through the Internet in order to deliver widely distributed UC platforms that can better match the geographical dispersal of users as well as the unending resource demand. Critical to the emergence of such locality-based UC (LUC) platforms is the availability of appropriate operat-ing mechanisms. We advocate the implementation of a unified system driving the use of resources at an unprecedented scale by turning a complex and diverse infra-structure into a collection of abstracted computing facilities that is both easy to operate and reliable. By deploying and using such a LUC Operating System on backbones, our ultimate vision is to make possible to host/operate a large part of the Internet by its internal structure itself: A scalable and nearly infinite set of resources delivered by any computing facilities forming the Internet, starting from the larger hubs operated by ISPs, governments and academic institutions to any idle resources that may be provided by end-users.