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The ICRC announces the publication of a new work in Arabic, "Course of Five Lesson on the Geneva Conventions" by Henri Coursier, translated by the Saudi Arabian Red Crescent Society and priced at 10 Swiss francs. In order to disseminate broader understanding throughout the Arab world of the humanitarian principles and activities of the Red Cross movement, the ICRC Documentation and Dissemination Division, in cooperation with the various Red Crescent Societies, has published some 15 works in Arabic.

Sǝlṭi belongs to the East Gurage group, along with Wolane and Zway. The East Gurage group is closely related to Harari. The article has the following subsections:1. Correspondence between the Arabic and the Sǝlṭi consonants.2. The correspondence between the Sǝlṭi and the Arabic consonants.3. Observations on the loanwords.4. A list of the Arabic loanwords. ATTENTION: Due to copy-right no online publication is provided.

The last fifteen years have witnessed rapid growth in the number of students studying Arabic and of programs concerned with the teaching of the language. This is directly attributable to the awakened interest in the United States in the Middle East in general, and the Arab world in particular, as a result of the entry of the U.S. in World War II and its emergence as a global power with strategic, economical, and political interests in the area. This is not to say that the teaching of Arabic is a new phenomenon in the U.S. As an indespensible tool of Orientalistic scholarship, Arabic was taught for many years in a few institutions which offered programs in Oriental and Semitic Studies.

Medieval Arabic Historiography is concerned with social contexts and narrative structures of pre-modern Islamic historiography written in Arabic in seventh and thirteenth-century Syria and Eygpt. Taking up recent theoretical reflections on historical writing in the European Middle Ages, this extraordinary study combines approaches drawn from social sciences and literary studies, with a particular focus on two well-known texts: Abu Shama's The Book of the Two Gardens, and Ibn Wasil's The Dissipater of Anxieties. These texts describe events during the life of the sultans Nur-al-Din and Salah al-Din, who are primarily known in modern times as the champions of the anti-Crusade movement. Hirschler shows that these two authors were active interpreters of their society and has considerable room for manoeuvre in both their social environment and the shaping of their texts. Through the use of a fresh and original theoretical approach to pre-modern Arabic historiography, Hirschler presents a new understanding of these texts which have before been relatively neglected, thus providing a significant contribution to the burgeoning field of historiographical studies.

In "Embargoed Literature," an essay written twenty-five years ago, Edward W. Said noted that "of all the major world literatures, Arabic remains relatively unknown and unread in the West." How is it that one of the world's great literary corpuses, as rich as those of classical Greek, Sanskrit, and Chinese, has so little echo in English? Is Arabic literature untranslatable? The obstacles in this case are political as much as they are linguistic. Taking its cue from Said's notion of a "perfect inequality" between the two languages, this essay argues for a situational—rather than literal—approach to translation, emphasizing the intellectual gains (and risks) to be had from thinking of translation as an act of cultural interpretation rather than verbal substitution.

During the nineteenth century and into the early twentieth century, more Europeans visited the Middle East than ever before, as tourists, archaeologists, pilgrims, settler-colonists and soldiers. These visitors engaged with the Arabic language to differing degrees. While some were serious scholars of Classical Arabic, in the Orientalist mould, many did not learn the language at all. Between these two extremes lies a neglected group of language learners who wanted to learn enough everyday colloquial Arabic to get by. The needs of these learners were met by popular language books, which boasted that they could provide an easy route to fluency in a difficult language.

Arabic Dialogues explores the motivations of Arabic learners and effectiveness of instructional materials, principally in Egypt and Palestine, by analysing a corpus of Arabic phrasebooks published in nine languages (English, French, German, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Yiddish, Hebrew, Russian) and in the territory of twenty-five modern countries. Beginning with Napoleon's Expédition d'Égypte (1798–1801), it moves through the periods of mass tourism and European colonialism in the Middle East, concluding with the Second World War. The book also considers how Arab intellectuals understood the project of teaching Arabic to foreigners, the remarkable history of Arabic-learning among Yiddish- and Hebrew-speaking immigrants in Palestine, and the networks of language learners, teachers and plagiarists who produced these phrasebooks.

Abstract
This research attempts to study China's image in contemporary Arabic novels through four modal novels: The Queen Kisses the Dragon Over its Mouth by Amin Zaoui from Algeria, The Fleet of the Sun by Ali Al-Hajri from Qatar, Trilogy of Beidaihe and Spring and Autumn by Hanna Mina from Syria. The researcher seeks to answer the following questions. How was China represented in these novels as others? And how did these novels represent the self? Also, how did these novels delineate the relationships between self and others, from the perspectives of individuals and societies, culturally, politically, and economically? How is the aesthetics of these novels established?

This paper is technical in nature. It provides detailed instructions for enabling Arabic reading and writing capabilities in most Microsoft Windows versions, the major word-processing applications, and the major Internet web browsers. This paper also discusses useful, time-tested hints and resources for using Arabic with Windows including enabling the Arabic Proofing Tools, enabling the On Screen Arabic Keyboard, typing right-to-left, typing Hindi numerals, defining Arabic romanization keyboards, and finding Arabic fonts, English/Arabic keyboards, Arabic QWERTY keyboards, and Arabic keytop labels. This paper has been adapted from a manuscript the author is currently writing on resources for Arabic language study in America and on the Internet.