Suchergebnisse

Researching the archives of Russian post-October abroad thinkers is one of the main tasks of modern Russian philosophy. The return of the spiritual wealth of Russian intellectual culture that has begun in the late 1980s with the publication of hard access and works of bibliographic rarity of N.O. Lossky, N.A. Berdyaev, S.L. Frank, S.N. Bulgakov and others, is continuing today. However, at the be­ginning of the XXI century the trajectory of this return changes slightly. The pub­lished works of Russian abroad thinkers require a holistic reading, rethinking and actualization. These problems cannot be effectively solved without plunging into the existential and intellectual history of Russian philosophy in the first half of the twentieth century. That is why modern historians of philosophy turn to the archive, and not so much as an empirical object, collection and repository of documents, but as a cultural, historical, humanitarian phenomenon, thanks to which, through the collective efforts of philosophers and scientists, a holistic portrait of Russian philosophy in its personal dimension is brought together. We can consider the archive of any Russian philosopher of the first half of the twentieth century as an "archive of the era" (T.G. Shchedrina), as a "sphere of conversation" in which the meeting of thinkers of the early twentieth century and modern philosophers is possible. Such a methodological turn affects the content of historical and philosophical research and changes our ideas about the Russian abroad philosophy, about the era as a whole, and also allows us to reconstruct the heritage of Russian philosophers and consistently collect the value-semantic unity of Russian intellectual culture while preserving its "diversity and unity" (M.A. Maslin).

Despite ample access to large, archival datasets, the micro-organizational sciences field seem to consistently cast these datasets aside in favor of primary datasets collected by independent researchers. In the current GoMusing, we argue that these archival datasets should not be a secondary (or even last) choice for the micro-organizational sciences. In fact, large archival datasets can enable researchers to (a) investigate phenomena of interest across generalizable samples, (b) incorporate multiple levels of context into research, and (c) take advantage of several additional methodological benefits. In the hopes of spurring a paradigm shift in the micro-organizational sciences, we begin our article by discussing problems with the standard approach to data collection (i.e., independent researchers collecting their own datasets). We then discuss how archival datasets can remedy many of these issues and advance the range of research questions the field is able to answerer. We conclude by providing a step-by-step process for incorporating these archival datasets into our literature and provide insights into addressing common challenges. We hope this GoMusing will serve as a call to action for researchers and editorial teams alike to move our research forward though a greater usage of large archival datasets.

This article explores the ways in which fan archives, particularly physical archives of pre-internet fan artefacts, offer a limited perspective of fan participation based on conditions of access to fan community and production means. Using 1960s fan magazines dedicated to J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings trilogy that emerged in the early days of US-based fandom, this research demonstrates that analysis of the content of these fanzines is most significant to fan studies when it considers factors of publication such as who had access to printing materials, funding and the social conditions of the 1960s that would have privileged specific fan voices over others. I argue that archives that fail to take factors such as these into account help to perpetuate notions of acceptable fandom as practised by White fans. The fandom presented in the pages of The Lord of the Rings fanzines, as presented by their political statements or lack of, shows how fandom interests change when fandoms move from heavily concentrated spaces, fanzines, to broader and more accessible spaces such as the internet.

The need to support and promote the use of geospatial data and available collections has grown at Ontario Universities in recent years. These data, along with numeric data collections, are used to enhance research and expand the skill set of students graduating from a broad array of disciplines. Providing access to these types of data collections has proven challenging, and access points available to large groups of people inside academia, in government and public domains have been made possible through online portal implementations. The defined need for a geospatial portal at Ontario Universities is outlined in the first part of this paper, followed by components of the Geospatial Portal Project vision and specific requirements and technical aspects of the project. How metadata is handled is also discussed, as is the implementation of the portal's web application. Additional project components include health data collections that are available to researchers and which could be used in conjunction with the portal. Finally, project governance and future growth beyond the Ontario user base are also discussed.

Abstract
This research note unveils new archival evidence from Amnesty International's first twenty-five years (1961–1986) to shed light on the realization of international human rights as Amnesty balanced "nonpolitical politics" through multifaceted government relations. The research draws from minutes and reports of eighty meetings of Amnesty's executive leadership and interviews from the 1983 to 1985 Amnesty Oral History project, all collected from the International Institute of Social History. The records show that during this time Amnesty relied on government and foundation funding to exit a severe financial crisis. Amnesty also cultivated a private diplomatic network with governments for access and advocacy and conducted side bargains with closed countries for access and reforms. In one sense, the new evidence complicates the conventional wisdom that Amnesty was only financed from small, individual donors and stayed away from private government dealings. In another sense, the new data extend existing insights about INGO strategic action by revealing Amnesty's pragmatic trade-offs when maintaining arms–length relations with governments to better appreciate the organization's early challenges and accomplishments. The note ultimately contributes to scholarship on the strategic choices of INGOs and provides new data for future research on the agency of nonstate actors in global governance navigating complex government relations.
Esta nota de investigación presenta nueva evidencia documental de los primeros 25 años de Amnistía Internacional (Amnesty International), de 1961 a 1986, para arrojar luz sobre el cumplimiento de las normas internacionales de derechos humanos mientras Amnistía balanceaba la "política no política" mediante relaciones gubernamentales polifacéticas. La investigación incorpora actas e informes de 80 reuniones del liderazgo ejecutivo de Amnistía y entrevistas de 1983 a 1985 del proyecto Historia Oral de Amnistía (Amnesty Oral History), recopiladas del Instituto Internacional de Historia Social. Los documentos muestran que, en ese momento, Amnistía necesitó financiación gubernamental y de fundaciones para salir de una crisis financiera grave. Amnistía también cultivó una red diplomática privada con gobiernos a cambio de acceso y defensa, y tuvo negocios paralelos con países cerrados a cambio de acceso y reformas. En un sentido, la nueva evidencia complica la sabiduría convencional de que Amnistía solo tuvo financiamiento de donantes pequeños e individuos y se mantuvo lejos de los negocios privados con gobiernos. En contraste, los nuevos datos amplían las percepciones existentes sobre la acción estratégica de organizaciones no gubernamentales internacionales (ONGI), revelando las concesiones pragmáticas de Amnistía al mantener relaciones independientes con gobiernos, y permiten apreciar mejor los desafíos y logros iniciales de la organización. La nota, fundamentalmente, contribuye a la investigación sobre las decisiones estratégicas de las ONGI y brinda nuevos datos para futuras investigaciones sobre la autonomía de los actores no estatales que navegan relaciones gubernamentales complejas en la gobernanza global.
Cet exposé de recherche dévoile de nouvelles preuves issues des 25 premières années d'archives d'Amnesty International (1961–1986) pour apporter un éclairage sur l'application des droits de l'Homme tandis qu'Amnesty équilibrait la « politique apolitique » par le biais de relations gouvernementales à plusieurs facettes. Cette recherche s'appuie sur des minutes et rapports de 80 réunions de la haute direction d'Amnesty, ainsi que sur des entretiens qui ont eu lieu entre 1983 et 1985 dans le cadre du projet Oral History (Histoire orale) d'Amnesty. Ces données ont toutes été recueillies auprès de l'Institut International d'Histoire Sociale. Les archives montrent que durant cette période, Amnesty a dû compter sur le financement de gouvernements et de fondations pour sortir d'une grave crise financière. Amnesty a également cultivé un réseau diplomatique privé avec des gouvernements pour faciliter son accès et son plaidoyer dans le pays concerné tout en menant des négociations parallèles avec les pays fermés pour y favoriser son accès et les réformes. En un sens, les nouvelles preuves compliquent les idées reçues selon lesquelles Amnesty ne serait financée que par de petits donateurs individuels et resterait à l'écart des affaires gouvernementales privées. Mais en un autre sens, ces nouvelles données enrichissent les renseignements existants sur l'action stratégique des organisations non gouvernementales internationales en révélant qu'Amnesty s'était livrée à des compromis pragmatiques en entretenant des relations avec les gouvernements tout en restant à distance. Ces renseignements nous permettent donc de mieux apprécier les premiers défis et accomplissements de l'organisation. En définitive, cet exposé contribue aux études sur les choix stratégiques des organisations non gouvernementales internationales et fournit de nouvelles données pour les recherches futures sur l'intervention des acteurs non étatiques dans la gouvernance mondiale tandis qu'ils naviguent dans des relations gouvernementales complexes.

Archives, just like museums or libraries, are agents which contribute to the creation of our cultural memory. Inextricably linked to the notion of cultural heritage, they highlight some narratives, while sidelining or excluding others. Therefore it is important to critically reflect on the question "whose heritage" (Stuart Hall) is created in the process of archiving. This article looks at the politics of creating access to audiovisual heritage in European film archives via online video streaming opportunities. Examining audiovisual archives as agents in the construction of transnational memories, my research aims to provide new ways of reflecting on diversity practices in archival selection. As case study, this article examines the archival politics of the national film archives in Sweden, especially the way archivists are curating the site Filmarkivet.se. ; VR-projekt "Den rörliga bildens kulturarv. Mångfald och minne i digitala filmarkiv" (2016-2018)

Висвітлено результати контент-аналізу вебсайтів державних архівних установ як базових каналів репрезентації складу й структури Національного архівного фонду України. Контент вебсайтів проаналізовано за такими критеріями якості: різноманіття інформаційних продуктів та послуг архівних установ; зрозумілість і комфортність сервісів та структури сайту; оперативність пошуку і наявність зворотного зв'язку з користувачем. ; Relevance. The basic tool for the representation of digital archival resources in the global communication space is the websites of archival institutions, which provide society with remote access to a wide range of archival sources of information, significantly reducing the need for physical appeals to government agencies.An important step in the development of the archival sphere is the intensification of work on digitization of the most valuable funds of state archival institutions, the creation of electronic reference and search apparatus for archival resources, the organization of unimpeded access to them through the network information and communication infrastructure.The aim of this paper is to analyze modern tools for effective representation of archival resources.Research methodology. Socio-communicative and systemic approaches are the most productive in solving the problems of effective representation of archival resources in the global communication space.Results. The paper states that the content and structure of the website of the state archival institution should contribute to the performance of the following main functions: information (round-the-clock availability of information for the user); advertising (effective promotion of the archive in the search engines of the global network, presentable zooming in the system of its resources and services); communication (online communication with partners, users); image (formation of a positive image of the state archive). In addition, it is important to implement the general requirements for the organization and content of the website: clarity, convenience, ergonomics, information content, up-to-dateness.Novelty. An attempt is made to analyze the modern tools for effective representation of archival resources of Ukraine.The practical significance. The author analyzes the information resources, content and structure of the website of the state archival institution and emphasizes the importance of performing its main functions: information; advertising; communication; image.Conclusion. The article considers the specific features of the application of modern tools for the representation of archival resources. The author highlights the general requirements for the organization and content of the website such as clarity, convenience, ergonomics, information content, up-to-dateness. The paper emphasizes the need to provide information on websites In Ukrainian and English, which will accelerate the integration of Ukraine's national archival heritage into the world communication space. The areas of further research are the development of a unified web platform that will integrate the resources of all archival institutions of the regions and the country as a whole.

Висвітлено результати контент-аналізу вебсайтів державних архівних установ як базових каналів репрезентації складу й структури Національного архівного фонду України. Контент вебсайтів проаналізовано за такими критеріями якості: різноманіття інформаційних продуктів та послуг архівних установ; зрозумілість і комфортність сервісів та структури сайту; оперативність пошуку і наявність зворотного зв'язку з користувачем. ; Relevance. The basic tool for the representation of digital archival resources in the global communication space is the websites of archival institutions, which provide society with remote access to a wide range of archival sources of information, significantly reducing the need for physical appeals to government agencies.An important step in the development of the archival sphere is the intensification of work on digitization of the most valuable funds of state archival institutions, the creation of electronic reference and search apparatus for archival resources, the organization of unimpeded access to them through the network information and communication infrastructure.The aim of this paper is to analyze modern tools for effective representation of archival resources.Research methodology. Socio-communicative and systemic approaches are the most productive in solving the problems of effective representation of archival resources in the global communication space.Results. The paper states that the content and structure of the website of the state archival institution should contribute to the performance of the following main functions: information (round-the-clock availability of information for the user); advertising (effective promotion of the archive in the search engines of the global network, presentable zooming in the system of its resources and services); communication (online communication with partners, users); image (formation of a positive image of the state archive). In addition, it is important to implement the general requirements for the organization and content of the website: clarity, convenience, ergonomics, information content, up-to-dateness.Novelty. An attempt is made to analyze the modern tools for effective representation of archival resources of Ukraine.The practical significance. The author analyzes the information resources, content and structure of the website of the state archival institution and emphasizes the importance of performing its main functions: information; advertising; communication; image.Conclusion. The article considers the specific features of the application of modern tools for the representation of archival resources. The author highlights the general requirements for the organization and content of the website such as clarity, convenience, ergonomics, information content, up-to-dateness. The paper emphasizes the need to provide information on websites In Ukrainian and English, which will accelerate the integration of Ukraine's national archival heritage into the world communication space. The areas of further research are the development of a unified web platform that will integrate the resources of all archival institutions of the regions and the country as a whole.

Access to documents accumulated at state-owned archive repositories is a topical area of scientific research in archivistics. When the paradigms of archivistics shift, the meaning of access to records as well as its place in archival research undergo changes. In the late 20th – early 21st c., archivistics have been moving towards the stage of a postmodern science, and in vigorous discussions of researchers on archivistics paradigms access is reflected as one of the key phenomena of the archival science. When examining access to records, a synonymous term "accessibility" has been established, meaning a granted right (enforced by relevant legislation) to get acquainted with records and availability of the finding aids

Access to documents accumulated at state-owned archive repositories is a topical area of scientific research in archivistics. When the paradigms of archivistics shift, the meaning of access to records as well as its place in archival research undergo changes. In the late 20th – early 21st c., archivistics have been moving towards the stage of a postmodern science, and in vigorous discussions of researchers on archivistics paradigms access is reflected as one of the key phenomena of the archival science. When examining access to records, a synonymous term "accessibility" has been established, meaning a granted right (enforced by relevant legislation) to get acquainted with records and availability of the finding aids

Access to documents accumulated at state-owned archive repositories is a topical area of scientific research in archivistics. When the paradigms of archivistics shift, the meaning of access to records as well as its place in archival research undergo changes. In the late 20th – early 21st c., archivistics have been moving towards the stage of a postmodern science, and in vigorous discussions of researchers on archivistics paradigms access is reflected as one of the key phenomena of the archival science. When examining access to records, a synonymous term "accessibility" has been established, meaning a granted right (enforced by relevant legislation) to get acquainted with records and availability of the finding aids

Access to documents accumulated at state-owned archive repositories is a topical area of scientific research in archivistics. When the paradigms of archivistics shift, the meaning of access to records as well as its place in archival research undergo changes. In the late 20th – early 21st c., archivistics have been moving towards the stage of a postmodern science, and in vigorous discussions of researchers on archivistics paradigms access is reflected as one of the key phenomena of the archival science. When examining access to records, a synonymous term "accessibility" has been established, meaning a granted right (enforced by relevant legislation) to get acquainted with records and availability of the finding aids

In the process of transforming the American Archivist (AA) into a digital journal, the Society of American Archivists (SAA) confronted the political, economic, and intellectual tensions inherent in the complex environment of open-access publishing. This article establishes the framework within which SAA made the transition from print only to a combination of print and electronic publication and contextualizes this transformation within the intellectual evolution of the longest-running archival journal in the world. It uses this transformation to a print-digital hybrid as a jumping-off point for consideration of future possibilities for the Society's digital publishing endeavors and concludes by considering a set of unresolved issues for the American Archivist posed by the open-access publishing movement, which itself is coming to terms with broad-based economic and preservation challenges.

This article reflects about two aspects of information science and, more specifically, of archival science: the access to information and memory. Both aspects are referred to scientific information, that is, that information produced and kept in scientific institutions to support science; and to two specific institutions: the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) and the São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP). The study of access to scientific information and memory is in the frontier between social and archival studies. The reflection is also one in the frontier, as pretends to establish conceptual relations with other areas of the human sciences as history, sociology and politics. ; Se reflexiona sobre dos aspectos centrales de la ciencia de la información y, más específicamente, de la archivología: el acceso a la información científica y la memoria. Se focaliza la reflexión en la información científica, o sea, aquella producida y guardada en instituciones científicas y para la ciencia, en dos instituciones concretas: la Universidad Estatal de Campinas (UNICAMP) y la Universidad Estatal Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP). El estudio de acceso a la información y de la memoria científica está en lo que podemos denominar la frontera entre los estudios del archivo y de la sociedad. La reflexión también es de frontera, en la medida en que establece relaciones conceptuales con otras áreas de las ciencias humanas como la historia, la sociología y la política.

This report summarizes the activities and outcomes of a collaborative planning project supported by The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and organized by University Libraries at Virginia Tech, in collaboration with Virginia Tech Center for Humanities and the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). A diverse group of archivists, librarians, humanists, technologists, information scientists, and computer scientists were convened for a five-part online workshop series to discuss and plan how artificial intelligence and machine learning could be used to ensure public access to the massive and ever-growing collection of government records in the NARA digital catalog. During the workshop, participants identified requirements, developed conceptual models, and discussed a work plan for a subsequent pilot project that would apply state-of-the-art tools and technologies to increase the effectiveness of archival programs and broaden public access to the important content in the NARA catalog. The workshop focused on humanistic and equitability issues of artificial intelligence and developing ethical, human-centered technology that promotes the public good. As such, the topic of intentional mitigation of AI bias was a thread that ran through the entirety of the workshop. ; The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation ; Unpublished version