Suchergebnisse

While the rate of urbanisation in the developing world has increased dramatically over the past 20 years, governments' capacity to support urban growth has, in many cases, failed to keep up with this trend. Non-governmental organisations working in the field have long advocated community management of the urban environment as the best solution to this problem, and there is now a growing consensus that the answer does, indeed, lie with local communities. Yet there is still little understanding of what constitutes meaningful and effective community participation, or how it may be achieved in suc.

This survey reveals that no more than two-fifth of owner households in survey barrios participated in upgrading activities. Participation varied with tenure and the project: owners participated more than tenents and water and electricity programmes generated high levels of support

Corruption is endemic in many emerging economies - many transactions of private citizens with government institutions require payment of bribes. While well known as a general phenomenon, specific data about the "bribe economy" are hard to come by. But such data are needed for rational responses to corruption at the societal and individual level - to expose it; to know which offices to avoid; or to know how much to pay if other recourse is not available. In response to a corruption survey of 102 Indian participants we are developing Bribecaster, a mobile application that enables citizen collection and curation of corruption data. A key research question is how to create a system that has accurate data while simultaneously protecting users from repercussions of having their identities revealed.

This article presents a literature review of the relationship between leadership and community participation to identify the research topics underpinning the studies and theoretical works in this domain. A systematic review of electronic sources was conducted, covering the period from 1990 to 2015. A total of 1.890 articles in the social sciences were identified, and the full texts of 17 articles were reviewed in detail. The criteria used in selecting articles with key theoretical and empirical contributions were the number of times an article was cited and the relevance of the topic. The results were exploited through a comprehensive review. The articles discuss different modes of community participation that have been divided into the categories of leadership in professional communities, leadership in relation to family participation, and leadership in relation to other community members. It has been identified that there are fewer works that include integrative approaches in terms of dialogical leadership among all community members. This review suggests a need to further investigate the leadership dynamics that, through community participation, may result in improvements for society.