Suchergebnisse

AbstractIn elections, voters sometimes compensate for post‐election bargaining processes by electing parties that are more extreme than themselves. We investigate compensatory voting in direct democracy. Our goals are to develop and test a measure of compensatory voting in direct legislation and assess its extent of compensatory voting. Empirically, we draw on the case of Switzerland, a country with frequent popular votes. We operationalize compensatory voting as voting 'yes' on a popular initiative in spite of endorsing arguments that speak against this initiative, under the condition of being well‐informed about the initiative. Using data from post‐ballot surveys on 17'570 individuals having voted on 63 popular initiatives in the period 1993 to 2015, our analysis shows that compensatory voting has not significantly increased in Switzerland in this period.

Based on participant observation and in-depth interviews, this article analyzes the ways that male residents in a drug treatment program signified a masculine self through compensatory manhood acts. I analyze four strategies of identity work that men used during group accountability sessions called "games": (1) signifying masculinity through aggression; (2) subordinating women and nonconventional men; (3) calling others to account as men; and (4) "keeping your head": managing emotions to (re)assert control. This article adds to our understanding of the ways that compensatory manhood acts are structured locally through interaction, highlighting ways that men's interactions may be self-defeating and also reproduce inequality by reinforcing dominant ideologies of misogyny and homophobia. In addition, it speaks to the ways that masculine subjectivity is constructed against and through dominant narratives of addiction and treatment.

An argument commonplace in narratives concerning the difficult recovery after the 2008 crisis, the relative backslide of 2011, and the European peripheral debt crisis is that difficulties occurred because European economic integration has been privileged over any form of political solidarity. Consequently, Europe should develop the institutions of solidarity to provide relief of instability and inequality. Maastricht had to lead to political Union and to some form of solidarity, but this aspect always remained vague and was not implemented. What has been implemented after the crisis is an even tougher set of control-oriented institutions that introduce further rigidities in European economies, reducing the degrees of freedom of national economic policy. The aim of this contribution is to argue that the implementation of solidarity schemes in the EU should not be conceived of as a compensatory measure for the costs and damages directly or indirectly caused by the European Monetary Union (EMU) and its rigidities and passiveness, including the inability to curb financial instability. Solidarity schemes should instead be the product of unified programs framed by a genuine constitutional federalism.

The objective of this research is to analyze how the medium-term effects of disasters in Brazil are mitigated. To this end, an analysis of the legislation and the Terms of Adjustment of Conduct was used, the instrument through which disaster-causing companies and the Brazilian State adapt conducts, in four specific cases (Chevron, Iberpar, Samarco and Hydro Alumnorte). We detected the predominance of the generalist and vague definition of both compensatory measures and the instruments and strategies for their implementation, but with some learning over time. The exclusion of the participation of the affected communities as a recurring aspect in the original agreements and the absence of specialized sectors of the State both in the control and in the implementation of the actions draws attention.
O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar como são mitigados os efeitos de médio prazo decorridos de desastres no Brasil. Para tanto, recorreu-se à análise da legislação e dos Termos de Ajuste de Conduta, instrumento por meio dos quais as empresas causadoras de desastres e o Estado brasileiro adequam condutas, em quatro casos específicos (Chevron, Iberpar, Samarco e Hydro Alumnorte). Detectamos o predomínio da definição generalista e vaga tanto das medidas compensatórias quanto dos instrumentos e estratégias de sua implementação, mas com certa aprendizagem ao longo do tempo. Chama atenção a exclusão da participação das comunidades atingidas como aspecto recorrente nos acordos originais e a ausência dos setores especializados do Estado tanto no controle como na implementação das ações.