Suchergebnisse

In questo contributo l'autore si sofferma sull 'ultimo serio tentativo del patriziato raguseo di riottenere nel l814 l'indipendenza politica della Repubblica, in vista del Congresso di Vienna. Il lavoro si basa su lla documentazione reperita negli archivi di Londra e che la "Commissione del Corpo della Nobiltà della Repubblica di Ragusa" inviò allora al Ministro degli Esteri inglese Visconte Castlereagh. Per la ricostruzione degli avvenimenti si è utilizzata anche la corrispondenza che il mercante fiumano Adamich spedì a Yienna nello stesso periodo. ; U fondu Castlereagh u Londonskom ddavnom arhivu (nekad Public Record Office, a sada National Archives) sacuvan je sveianj spisa o stanju na Jadranu koje je britanski diplomat koristio prilikom rada na Beckom Kongresu. U njemu se nalazi i dokumentacija datirana 14. srpnja 1814. koju je odbor dubrovacke vlastele poslao u London ministru vanjskih poslova tj. vikontu Castlereagh-u. Dubrovacko je povjerenstvo uputilo izriCit zahtjev za pomoé Velike Britanije, pritom potvrdujuéi markizu Mihu Boni (koji je od 1811. bio nastanjen u Becu) status dubrovackog opunomoéenika na Beckom Kongresu. Cilj predstavke bio je obnova Dubrovacke Republike koja se tada veé nalazila pod okupacijom austrijskog generala Milutinoviéa. U tu svrhu urucen je i "memorijal" sa opisanim dogadajima u Dubrovniku od francuske (1806.) do austrijske okupacije 1814. Ton spisa odrazava ocaj dubrovacke vlastele koja je uzalud pokusala zaigrati svoju diplomatsku kartu. Spisi su neobjavljeni i pisani na talijanskom i od velikog su povijesnog znacaja u tumacenju posljednjih trzaja jedne suverene drzave i njenih politickih elita. Naime, poznato je da Republika nije vise obnavljana pa je Austrija mogia zauzeti Citavu istocnu obalu Jadrana od Venecije do Boke Kotorske. Austrijanci su pritom uspjdno sprijeCili da se pitanje Dubrovnika otvori na Beckom Kongresu. To je bio uspjeh za kancelara Metternicha i njegovog bliskog suradnika, ddavnog tajnika Josepha von Hudelista, a svemu je nemalo doprinio i rijecki trgovac AL. Adamié koji je tada (1814.) jos uvijek obnasao duznost engleskog konzula u Rijeci. U radu je zbog dobivanja potpunije slike koristena i prepiska Adamich-Hudelist koja se cuva u austrijskom Dvorskom i ddavnom arhivu u Becu. Adamiéa, osim "dubrovackih spletkarenja", vise smetaju nastojanja crnogorskog vladike Petroviéa da si osigura drzavnu nezavisnost kao i zaposjedanje Boke Kotorske. Njegova osobna pisma, pohranjena u Beckom ddavnom arhivu (Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv Wien ), govore nam o kompleksnoj situaciji na Jadranu tih godina.

The Indonesian government's policy of protecting Indonesian workers in Qatar is a mandate from the member countries of the Republic of Indonesia; Therefore, the Indonesian government should be able to carry out this mandate well and be responsible. International law states that a country has the right and responsibility to protect its citizens abroad. Furthermore, the regulation on the protection of foreign citizens is also regulated in the 1961 Vienna Convention on article 3 on diplomatic relations between countries. The protection of the state against citizens abroad is known as Diplomatic Protection. Currently, the number of Indonesian workers in Qatar is 43,000, so the government needs to protect, and serve the citizens. The Government of Indonesia has established its citizenship service system at the Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia to Doha Qatar, and provides legal assistance to Indonesian citizens and workers living in Qatar. So far the government's policy to protect Indonesian workers in Qatar has been running maximally and in accordance with the legal corridor.

The article critically examines Ivan Szelenyi's reception of Max Weber's sociology of rule, which he did in his essay under the title «Weber's theory of domination and post-communist capitalism» in Theory & Society 2016, 45 (1): 1-24. The criticism exclusively concerns Ivan Szelenyi's rendering of Weber's sociology of rule, for example his comments on Weber's concepts of power and domination. I refer directly to passages in Szelenyi where he deviates incorrectly from Weber's sociology of rule (such as in his depiction of power and domination according to Weber). Even someone who is not familiar with Szelenyi's text will benefit from my criticism insofar as it presents a correct, comprehensive account of Weber's sociology of rule with its central concepts.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the specifics of the implementation of the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol on the Protection of the Ozone Layer in the legislation of various states, with the subsequent use of positive experience for the development of national legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The study revealed the specifics of the implementation of the Vienna Convention for the Pro- tection of the Ozone Layer and the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in countries such as China, India, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine. However, the current environmental legislation of Kazakhstan is fragmented and does not fully pay due attention to the protection of the ozone layer.

The introduction to the 2022 Special Issue presents the 20 articles that discuss the demographic aspects and the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. It synthesises the main findings from the contributions, emphasising the demographic, social and economic characteristics that influenced the spread of infections and determined the number of deaths. We highlight the specific focus on measurement issues, often with a comparative framework across several countries, and at the regional level as well, both within and beyond Europe. We also summarise the impact of the measures imposed to contain the spread of the virus, such as lockdowns. Moreover, we explore the impact of the pandemic on the quality of relationships, the intention and the motivation to have children, and realised fertility. In addition, we present the authors' broader reflections on the risks faced by different communities of individuals, and the potential consequences for their life trajectories, including in relation to other current risks that overlap with the pandemic (recent armed conflicts), and for the achievability of the Sustainable Development Goals themselves.

On July 10, 1798, the German ensemble at the Vienna court theater presented the premiere performance of Die Hochzeit des Figaro, the first production of Mozart and Da Ponte's Le nozze di Figaro – and indeed of any Mozart-Da Ponte work – at the court theater since Mozart's death and Da Ponte's departure from the imperial capital. A few months later, on December 11, 1798, a new production of Don Giovanni, titled Don Juan, arrived at the court theater stage. On September 19, 1804, a production of Così fan tutte followed, under the title Mädchentreue. Although the productions were not extraordinarily successful in terms of performance numbers, they represented important trends in the Viennese reception of Mozart's operas that were to continue throughout the early nineteenth century. In particular, these productions left behind numerous records about the convoluted processes through which theatrical works were approved, re-approved, and revised before reaching the stage in Vienna around 1800. Particularly prominent among these processes was censorship. Yet, as this article shows, Viennese censors worked in tandem with numerous private and public agents who likewise contributed to the final shape of pre-existing works' adaptations. An examination of the censorial approaches to Mozart's Don Giovanni and Così fan tutte in Vienna around 1800 shows that late Enlightenment censorship was contradictory and multidirectional and should be considered not as a force of restriction but as an element that affected artworks in ways similar to other social, political, and cultural factors, such as patronage, audience structure, and various social and political ideologies.

"In the two centuries since Mozart's La clemenza di Tito was first performed, and the almost three centuries since Metastasio created the libretto, many rumours, myths and prejudiced opinions have gathered around the work, creating a narrative that Mozart, Mazzolà and their contemporaries would scarcely recognise. The essays in this book contribute ideas, facts and images that will draw the twenty-first-century reader closer to the events of Central Europe in the late eighteenth century, and these new facts and ideas will help peel off some of the transmitted accretions that may hinder a modern listener from enjoying and understanding the opera in all its fullness. In this sense the essays present the reappraisal promised in the title.

The book is a product of the Performing Premodernity research project, funded by the Swedish Foundation for Humanities and Social Sciences and based at the department of theatre studies of Stockholm University. Envisioned and edited by Magnus Tessing Schneider and Ruth Tatlow, the five essays by internationally renowned Mozart scholars are preceded by a chronology and a selection of original documents presented in new and revised parallel translations."

This introduction to the 2021 special issue of the Vienna Yearbook of Population Research explores demographic perspectives on human wellbeing across time and space. While the idea of relating demographic parameters to wellbeing has been around for a while, a more concrete research agenda on this topic has only recently gained momentum. Reviewing the research presented in this volume, we show how existing theoretical concepts and methodological tools in demography can be used to make substantial advances in the study of wellbeing. We also touch upon the many challenges researchers face in defining and measuring wellbeing, with the most important debate being about whether the focus should be on objective or subjective measures. The studies discussed here define wellbeing as health and mortality; as income, education or other resources; as happiness or life satisfaction; or as a combination thereof. They cover wellbeing in historical and contemporary populations in high- and low-income countries, and also point out important barriers to research on wellbeing, including the lack of good quality data in many regions. Finally, we highlight the value of considering population heterogeneities when studying wellbeing in order to identify population subgroups who are likely to fall behind, which can have important policy implications.

Dottorato di ricerca in Storia e cultura del viaggio e dell'opeporica in età moderna ; Motivazioni personali come la morte del padre e la consapevolezza di un immediato inserimento nel mondo degli uomini spinsero Johann Smidt (Brema, 1773-1857) a mettersi in viaggio e raggiungere l'Italia. In quattro amici, membri della Gesellschaft der freien Maenner, Smidt, Raison, Köppen e Boehlendorff, studenti a Jena, sulle tracce "filosofiche" di Rousseau attraversano la Svizzera a piedi fino ad approdare nei navigli di una entusiasta Milano occupata dai francesi, era il 3 agosto del 1797 e vi resteranno per quattro lunghissimi giorni. Ammireranno il duomo, la più bella costruzione gotica mai vista prima nella sua vita, i palazzi, le grandi strade, le donne italiane e i caffè alla moda. Ovviamente, tutte le sere saranno al teatro. A Milano, intravide, per la prima volta il grande generale Napoleone Bonaparte, i due si incontreranno di nuovo a Parigi, ma in altre vesti; Smidt sarà dalla sua Hansestadt Bremen. Le vie milanesi, piene di militari e pretacci ad ogni angolo, misero in ansia un 24enne Smidt, futuro sindaco e senatore di Brema, si sentiva perseguitato come se in ogni momento volessero rubargli i bagagli e ad ogni buona occasione imbrogliare. Annoterà: gli italiani mi sono proprio antipatici. Spesso si troverà a misurare il popolo italiano secondo il metro della sua mentalità nazionale, giudicando con indulgenze critiche e condanne aprioristiche, determinate dalla superficialità a dalla fuga di fronte allo sforzo di contatto costante. Malumore e nostalgia lo accompagneranno fin nella svizzera italiana, ma si sentirà più uomo, più completo e pronto ad affrontare la vita "da grande", al suo ritorno sarà pastore, professore di filosofia e marito. Dopo la partecipazione al Congresso di Vienna, fonda la città di Bremerhaven (1827), la sua attività politica dura più di mezzo secolo. Oltre ai viaggi dei membri della Gesellschaft, una parte è dedicata ad un elenco di viaggiatori tedeschi, tra '700 e '800, per offrire agli studiosi della materia un'occasione per ulteriori ricerche e approfondimenti. ; Personal motives, such as the death of his father and his subsequent entry into the world of men, helped push Johann Smidt (Bremen,1773-1857) into his travels to Italy. Four friends, students at Jena and members of the Gesellschaft der freien Maenner, Smidt, Raison, Köppen and Böhlendorff, follow the "philosophical" path of Rousseau and cross Switzerland by foot until reaching the gates of an enthusiastic Milan, at the time under French occupation. It was August 3rd 1797 and the four young men would stay for four long days. They admire the city's Duomo, the most beautiful Gothic construction I have ever seen in my life, the palazzi, the wide boulevards, italian women and the coffee and fashion. Of coarse every evening they are at the theatre. At Milan he sees from a distance for the first time the great general Napoléon Bonaparte. The two will meet again in Paris but under different guises; Smidt will be representing his Hansestadt Bremen. The Milanese streets, full of soldiers and preachers on every corner, make the 24-year-old Smidt anxious. The future Mayor and Senator of Bremen feels persecuted, as if someone is trying to rob his luggage at every moment and every occasion is a good one to cheat him. He notes: italians really get on my nerves. He often finds himself measuring the italian population up against his own national mindset, passing judgement with overindulgent criticisms and prejudicial condemnation, all thanks to his superficiality and his eagerness to escape constant contact. A bad temper and nostalgia accompany him all the way back to the Italian part of Switzerland, however he will feel more complete as a man and ready to confront "adult" life. On his return he will become a pastor, philosophy professor and husband. Following the Congress of Vienna he founds the city of Bremerhaven (1827) with his political career lasting over half a century. In addition to the travels of the members of the Gesellschaft, a part of this doctorate is dedicated to German travellers of the 1700's and 1800's, in order to offer readers further research material.