Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this study was to determine the supervision by the public to the legislative elections in 2014 in Pangkep. This type of research that is qualitative, as well as data collection was performed using observation and interview techniques. The results showed: public scrutiny of legislative elections in 2014, through direct supervision is done by visiting and performing in locations where objects are monitored as: DPT, campaigning, voting and counting; and Direct supervision is not done without visiting the place of work or object of the supervision is to access the documents of the election by the executive committee elections. This is done to create a fair election, clean, honest and democratic. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat terhadap pemilihan umum anggota legislatif tahun 2014 di Kabupaten Pangkep. Tipe penelitian yakni kualitatif, serta pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: pengawasan masyarakat terhadap pemilu legislatif 2014, melalui pengawasan langsung dilakukan dengan cara mendatangi dan melakukan pemeriksaan di tempat terdapat objek yang diawasi seperti: DPT, kampanye, pemungutan suara dan perhitungan suara; dan pengawasan tidak Langsung yaitu dilakukan tanpa mendatangi tempat pelaksanaan pekerjaan atau objek yang diawasi yaitu mengakses dokumen-dokumen pelaksanaan pemilu melalui panitia pelaksana pemilu. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menciptakan pemilu yang adil, bersih, jujur dan demokratis.

WOS: 000264160000077 ; PubMed: 18723282 ; in this article, the inhibitory impact of metals on Substrate utilization and microbial carbonate precipitation (MCP) by ureolytic mixed Cultures (UMC) was investigated with glucose and mineral medium under batch conditions. The IC(50) (toxicant concentration eliciting 50% inhibitory effect) values were determined from the BOD values of samples. Inhibition, expressed as the value of 50% inhibitory effect (IC(50)), was evaluated by the decrease in Substrate removal using BOD tests. The effect of toxicity of metals on substrate degradation, IC(50) values, was found to increase in the following order: Cd(II) > Cu(II) > Pb(II) > Cr(VI) > Ni(II) > Zn(II). Nitrification a possible phenomenon in the biocatalytic process was observed in several samples and this inhibited the precipitation of soluble calcium. During the removal of calcium from industrial calcium-rich wastewater, toxicity of metal at higher metal concentrations and possibility of nitrification at higher sludge ages should be considered. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ; Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK); Turkish Government Planning Institution (DPT) [CAYDAG 105Y262, 2006K120880-1] ; The author would like to thank the Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK) and Turkish Government Planning Institution (DPT) for the financial support given to this project with grant numbers CAYDAG 105Y262 and 2006K120880-1.

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis partisipasi politik masyarakat kota dan desa pada pilkada tahun 2015 di Kota Sumenep. Penelitian yang dilakukan di Kelurahan Kepanjin dan desa Mandala kabupaten Sumenep menggunakan pendekatan komparatif bersifat ex post facto dengan variabel partisipasi politik dalam pilkada tahun 2015. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah semua masyarakat yang terdaftar sebagai pemilih tetap (DPT) di kelurahan Kepanjin, kecamatan Kota yang berjumlah 2755 orang dan desa Mandala, kecamatan Gapura dengan jumlah daftar pemilih tetap (DPT) 545 orang. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalahangket dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi politik masyarakat kota berada dalam kategori tinggi dengan skor 25,98, partisipasi politik masyarakat desa dalam pilkada tahun 2015 di Sumenep adalah 16,17 berada dalam kategori cukup tinggi. Dari kedua sampel tersebut terdapat perbedaan partisipasi politik masyarakat kota dan desa dalampilkadatahun 2015 di Sumenep. Koefisien signifikan dengan taraf signifikansi 5% sehingga Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak. Artinya ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara frekuensi yang diamati (partisipasi politik masyarakat kota dan desa) dengan frekuensi yang diharapkan (ada perbedaan partisipasi politik masyarakat kota dan desa). Berdasarkan lima indikator yang digunakan untuk mengetahui partisipasi politik masyarakat kota dan desa, menunjukkan partisipasi politik masyarakat kota lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan partisipasi politik masyarakat desa dalam pilkada tahun 2015 di Sumenep. Kata Kunci: partisipasi politik, masyarakat kota dan desa, pemilihan kepala daerah (Pilkada)

This research aims to explain the influence of political transactional to election of regional leader. As for this research internal issue formula that is how the influence of political transactional to elector behavior in election of regional leader. The method of this research is descriptive survey with quantitative approach and analyzes correlation technique. Data collecting use question form, interview and observation. Data analyze use the simple regression. Population in this research counted 45279 DPT, so that sample taken away from by mean cluster is 99 respondents. Based on the result of research which has been done, it is found that there is significant influence between the influences of political transactional to elector behavior in election of regional leader.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh politik transaksional terhadap Perilaku Pemilih dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah. Adapun rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini yaitu bagaimana pengaruh Politik transaksional terhadap perilaku pemilih dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif survey dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan dengan teknik analisis korelasi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data menggunakan Regresi Sederhana. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 45279 DPT, sehingga sampel diambil dari rata-rata klaster sehingga menjadi 99 responden. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa ada pengaruh secara signifikan antara pengaruh politik transaksional terhadap perilaku pemilih dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah.Kata kunci: pemilihan kepala daerah, perilaku pemilih, politik transaksional

BACKGROUND: Government of India is introducing new and relatively costly vaccines under immunization program. Monitoring of vaccine wastage is needed to guide the program implementation and forecasting. Under pilot introduction of rotavirus vaccine in two districts both 5- and 10-doses vials were used, which was considered as an opportunity for documenting the wastage. The wastage rates for other routine vaccines were also documented. METHODS: A survey conducted in two districts (Kangra, Himachal Pradesh and Pune, Maharashtra) covered 49 vaccine stores, 34 sub-centres and 34 outreach sessions collected vaccine receipt, distribution and usage data for two complete years 2016 and 2017. RESULTS: The overall wastage rates for almost all vaccines were higher in Kangra district (BCG 37.1%, DPT 32.1%, Measles 32.2%, OPV 50.8%, TT 34.1% and pentavalent 18.4%) than Pune district (BCG 35.1%, DPT 25.4%, Measles 21.7%, OPV 14.3%, TT 23.1% and pentavalent 13.2%). Wastage for pneumococcal conjugate and measles-rubella vaccines in Kangra district were 27 and 40.5%, respectively. With transition from 5- to 10-doses vials for rotavirus vaccine, wastage at stores levels increased in both Kangra (29 to 33.2%) and Pune (17.8 to 25.7%) districts. With transition from intramuscular to intradermal fractional inactivated polio vaccine, the wastage increased from 36.1 to 54.8% in Kangra and 18.4 to 26.9% in Pune district. CONCLUSIONS: The observed vaccine wastage rates for several vaccines were relatively higher than program assumption for forecasting. The observed variations in the vaccine wastage indicates need for state or region based documentation and monitoring in India for appropriate programmatic action.

One of the numerous responsibilities of the government of any country is to invest in the various sectors of the economy. This should, however, be channeled to the appropriate sectors, such as the health sector, that will lead to a continual growth of the country. It is in the light of this, that this study looks at government spending on the health sector and its effect on infant mortality rate (INFM) in Nigeria. Health is central to the well-being of the citizens. This study made an attempt to provide empirical evidence of the impact of public health expenditure on infant mortality rate in Nigeria between 1991 and 2018 using time series data. The Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) analytical method was used to examine the relationships. Various robustness checks were carried out to ensure the reliability of the result for policy makers. Findings revealed that all variables employed positively impacted INFM except for Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus (DPT) immunization and female literacy rate. It was therefore recommended that more public enlightenments on the importance of taking DPT immunization for infants should be embarked upon for the target audience to be able to produce a positive effect, nursing mothers should be educated more on the need to take good care of their children especially at the early stage and not leave chance to the faith of the day care, all in the name of being literate and answering the call of their job at the expense of their parental role among others.

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la trayectoria del Departamento Provincial de Trabajo (DPT) de la provincia de Tucumán durante el período de entreguerras. El análisis tendrá dos ejes fundamentales, las prácticas institucionales y las demandas obreras. Parto de pensar que las instituciones son solo la cristalización de las disputas. Por eso los verdaderos constructores de la trama de este relato son los funcionarios del gobierno y los trabajadores de la provincia que, a partir de una conjunción entre la dinámica política, los cambios operados al interior del mundo obrero y los alcances de la regulación, dieron forma a la compleja y serpenteante trayectoria de esta institución y de la idea de derechos laborales. ; The aim of this paper is to analyze the trajectory of the Provincial Department of Labor (DPT) of the province of Tucumán during the interwar years, having as an axis of analysis the institutional practices and the workers' demands. I understand that the institutions are only the crystallization of disputes, so the true builders of the plot of this story are the government officials and the workers of Tucuman who, from a conjunction between the political dynamics, the changes operated within the world worker and the scope of regulation, shaped the complex and serpentine trajectory of this small institution and the idea of labor rights. ; Fil: Ullivarri, María. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.

Pemilihan gubernur Jawa Barat adalah salah satu pemilihan tingkat daerah paling besar di Indonesia, hal ini dikarenakan Jawa Barat memiliki jumlah Daftar Pemilih Tetap (DPT) terbanyak di Indonesia, yaitu sebanyak tiga puluh satu juta pemilih atau satu per lima dari total DPT se-Indonesia. Pasangan Asyik menjadi salah satu dari empat calon yang berkontestasi dalam pemilihan gubernur Jawa Barat sekaligus menjadi satu-satunya calon yang muncul dari partai oposisi pemerintah. Dalam survei elektabilitas yang dilakukan selama beberapa bulan sampai beberapa hari sebelum pemilihan, pasangan Asyik termasuk ke dalam dua paslon dengan elektabilitas terendah. Melalui hasil ini, maka menjadi menarik bagi penulis untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bagaimana strategi kampanye yang dilakukan oleh Asyik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data berasal dari data primer dan sekunder serta pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan dari buku, jurnal dan artikel. Berdasarkan penelitian, Asyik menggunakan isu ekonomi sebagai isu yang paling mendominasi janji kampanye. Namun, kekuatan utama mereka sebenarnya berada pada isu keumatan, di mana mereka telah menyasar pada kelompok masyarakat Muslim, khususnya yang pernah turut serta dalam Aksi 212. Isu ini juga berkorelasi dengan citra utama mereka sebagai satu-satunya pasangan dari partai oposisi, sehingga tagar 2018 Asyik Menang, 2019 Ganti Presiden adalah bagian dari propaganda utama yang mereka keluarkan sebagai politik penyerangan kepada pihak lawan, terlebih bertujuan pula untuk memberikan diferensiasi khusus antara paslon Asyik dengan paslon lain di mata masyarakat pemilih Jawa Barat.

ABSTRACT In the system of Election in Indonesia, one could choose if already registered in the voters list (DPT), because it concerns the right to choose a person to make choices and express their aspirations in general elections. The purpose of the study is to examine the implementation of the legislation, especially the General Elections Commission Regulation No. 4 of 2015 on voter data collection process and any obstacles encountered in the field to ensure the eligibility of voters. The method used normative juridical-empirical collection of primary data obtained directly from field research and interviews with sources in related institutions, namely the Commission of Samarinda, while secondary data from the library research.PKPU No. 4 of 2015 on implementation as guidelines for updating the voters have been effective for the accuracy of data being generated, the problems that arise in the process Determination of the voters list have also been followed up by the Commission Samarinda, and during the administration of elections and local elections since 2004 have never been there the voting public who take legal actions related concerned are not enrolled in DPT. KPU Kota Samarinda and its staff should improve further the performance and coordination so that the results of updating voters' data in the future to be better and the accuracy of the resulting data becomes more valid, the community must participate oversee and supervise the process of updating the voter data to produce accurate data and valid. Keywords : Implementation, Regulation Election Commission, voters list, the General Election Commission

WOS:000361482700001 ; This paper deals with the social impact of the 2008 global economic crisis on urban Turkey. Empirical evidence drawn from recently collected survey data using a multi-stage, stratified, random cluster sample illustrates the extent to which the economic crisis was also a social crisis. Analyses of three different levels-the neighborhood, household, and individual-highlight multiple detrimental effects, as seen in increased neighborhood social problems, household economic hardship and associated coping strategies, and individual mental and physical health problems. While post-crisis economic hardship, as measured by job loss, earnings reduction, and underemployment, was wide-spread, lower socioeconomic groups, renters, and Kurdish households suffered more. Economic hardship was also associated with a range of household coping strategies, both of which represent potential longer-term secondary social impacts, particularly in the Turkish context, when government safety nets are weak and families are left to fend for themselves. If appropriate measures are not taken, the long-term effects may go beyond the current generation of workers to affect the future wellbeing of vulnerable groups. ; Bogazici University Research and Development Fund (AR-GE Fund)Bogazici University; Social Policy Forum and State Planning Office (DPT) Fund [2010k120670]; Scientific Research Fund [BAP09B801P] ; Support for this research was provided by Bogazici University Research and Development Fund (AR-GE Fund), Social Policy Forum and State Planning Office (DPT) Fund (2010k120670), and Scientific Research Fund (BAP09B801P). We would like to thank Yonelim Research Company for data collection and preparation.

In the African continent, the sensitization pattern and clinical profile are unknown in patients with rhinitis/rhinosinusitis attending the outpatient ear, nose, and throat (ENT) clinics. We therefore aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of rhinitis/rhinosinusitis patients in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), classify allergic rhinitis (AR) according to the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma criteria, and evaluate the sensitization profile and its associated factors. From January to May 2009, 423 patients with rhinitis symptoms attending the Outpatient ENT clinic of the University Hospital and Saint Joseph Hospital of Kinshasa were evaluated for allergy symptoms, severity, and duration of symptoms and underwent skin-prick tests (SPTs) for a panel of 15 allergens. Of 423 patients 35.2% had positive SPT results, with 40.9% showing polysensitization. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DPT) (68.5%) and cockroach (36.2%) were the most common allergens among sensitized patients. Patients with rhinitis/rhinosinusitis mainly presented in decreasing order with sneezing, facial pain/pressure, nasal obstruction, postnasal discharge, nose itching, clear nasal discharge, and eye itching. Persistent and moderate/severe AR represented 61.4 and 69.3%, respectively. Sensitization was independently associated with younger age, rhinoconjunctivitis, and reaction to nonspecific trigger factors. In conclusion, 35.2% of patients attending the ENT Outpatient Clinic in DRC for rhinitis problems had a positive SPT to at least one allergen, with mainly DPT and cockroach allergens being involved; and a substantial portion showed persistent and moderate/severe AR. Therefore, allergy should not be neglected as an etiologic factor in rhinologic disease in the African continent.

"Decision Strategies in Politics" published on by Oxford University Press.

The Constitutional Court Decision No. 102/PUU-VII/2009 has provided new scope in the implementation of democratization process in Indonesia. The decision has simplyfied the administrative requirement of voters in the Presidential Election held in July 8th 2009, which is the permit to use the Citizen Identification Card (KTP) and Passport as voter identification requirement in voting day. This regulation more or less have strengthen the guarantee of citizen's rights in this democratic event. The Court decission No. 102/PUU-VII/2009, implicated in building argumentations which related to the Local Election Commision attitudes and policies in resolving problems which occurs in the Fixed List of Voters (DPT) in the event of local elections.

In this paper, we examine consequences of party system nationalization. We argue that the degree to which party systems are nationalized should affect the provision of public benefits by governments. When political competition at the national level occurs between parties that represent specific sub-national constituencies, then the outcomes of policy debates and conflicts can lead to an undersupply of nationally focused public services. We test our argument using data on DPT and measles immunization rates for 58 countries. We find that low party system nationalization is a barrier to improvements in these health indicators. Specifically, a substantial presence of regionalized parties hinders states' convergence toward international heath standards.

Why do countries engage in democracy promotion around the world? Why is the principle component of U.S. foreign policy abroad assistance with democratization? One answer is the Democratic Peace Theory (DPT) (also known as "Liberal Peace"). Accordingly, DPT states, as its basic tenant, democracies behave differently with one another than they do non-democracies, especially in relation to military altercations. Why are some countries more successful than others in promoting democratic ideals around the world? In order to partly explain this question, I examine American and Turkish foreign policy initiatives in the Middle East from a comparative perspective. The United States of America and the Republic of Turkey both reflect the basic tenant of the Democratic Peace Theory in their foreign policies. Each maintains policies that promote the establishment of democracies and the perpetuation of democratic ideals in the Middle East region. Differences in policies are observable when consideration is placed on the principles of inclusion and exclusion in negotiating, nation building, and the promotion of national interests in foreign affairs. The United States maintains bureaucratic rigidity while Turkey exemplifies an open policy when negotiating with interested parties. An analysis of nuclear proliferation in Iran, the two invasions of Iraq since 1990, and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict reveals an increase and advancement of Turkey's influence in the spread of democracy in the Middle East and a corresponding decline in that of the U.S. This approach might have strengthened Turkish strategic leverage in the region with comparatively greater (than the United States) ability to promote democratic ideals in the Middle East region through the continued building of partnerships and a dedication to stability of the region, the balancing of internal political ideologies, and the stability of Turkish international relations above all else.