Suchergebnisse

Objectives: EU Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) that encompasses 29 nations is gaining momentum. The aim of this study is to acknowledge ongoing developments in EU CSDP and define their impact for Lithuanian defence and security policy. Methods: Comparative scientific literature and document analysis method was used throughout this study. Article firstly reviews a path of EU CSDP developments, outlines roles and responsibilities of EU structures and examines current activities in CSDP framework with the focus to Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO). Second part is devoted to consider Lithuanian's role in current EU CSDP context, to outline decisions that Lithuanian authorities made to implement new PESCO initiative. Results: Study reveals that: CSDP remains adaptive framework for EU; established procedures ensure CSDP is in compromise with all of nations; PESCO initiative signals positive outcomes while reinforcing idea of "EU Strategic autonomy". Furthermore it was indentified that: approved National Security Strategy backs current EU initiatives; PESCO could provide flexible response options without duplicating NATO's efforts; national participation in PESCO initiatives will enable improvements in cyber security and will enable rapid access for possible EU and NATO troops deployments; participation in PESCO negotiation phase reached given political aims to seek more extensive projects and position nation within core members of EU. Conclusions: Lithuanian policies' shift for deeper engagement in CSDP is likely shaped by recognition that strategic trans-Atlantic partnership is not certain anymore, as well as UK role at post-Brexit period as 3rd party.

Objectives: EU Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) that encompasses 29 nations is gaining momentum. The aim of this study is to acknowledge ongoing developments in EU CSDP and define their impact for Lithuanian defence and security policy. Methods: Comparative scientific literature and document analysis method was used throughout this study. Article firstly reviews a path of EU CSDP developments, outlines roles and responsibilities of EU structures and examines current activities in CSDP framework with the focus to Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO). Second part is devoted to consider Lithuanian's role in current EU CSDP context, to outline decisions that Lithuanian authorities made to implement new PESCO initiative. Results: Study reveals that: CSDP remains adaptive framework for EU; established procedures ensure CSDP is in compromise with all of nations; PESCO initiative signals positive outcomes while reinforcing idea of "EU Strategic autonomy". Furthermore it was indentified that: approved National Security Strategy backs current EU initiatives; PESCO could provide flexible response options without duplicating NATO's efforts; national participation in PESCO initiatives will enable improvements in cyber security and will enable rapid access for possible EU and NATO troops deployments; participation in PESCO negotiation phase reached given political aims to seek more extensive projects and position nation within core members of EU. Conclusions: Lithuanian policies' shift for deeper engagement in CSDP is likely shaped by recognition that strategic trans-Atlantic partnership is not certain anymore, as well as UK role at post-Brexit period as 3rd party.

Objectives: EU Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) that encompasses 29 nations is gaining momentum. The aim of this study is to acknowledge ongoing developments in EU CSDP and define their impact for Lithuanian defence and security policy. Methods: Comparative scientific literature and document analysis method was used throughout this study. Article firstly reviews a path of EU CSDP developments, outlines roles and responsibilities of EU structures and examines current activities in CSDP framework with the focus to Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO). Second part is devoted to consider Lithuanian's role in current EU CSDP context, to outline decisions that Lithuanian authorities made to implement new PESCO initiative. Results: Study reveals that: CSDP remains adaptive framework for EU; established procedures ensure CSDP is in compromise with all of nations; PESCO initiative signals positive outcomes while reinforcing idea of "EU Strategic autonomy". Furthermore it was indentified that: approved National Security Strategy backs current EU initiatives; PESCO could provide flexible response options without duplicating NATO's efforts; national participation in PESCO initiatives will enable improvements in cyber security and will enable rapid access for possible EU and NATO troops deployments; participation in PESCO negotiation phase reached given political aims to seek more extensive projects and position nation within core members of EU. Conclusions: Lithuanian policies' shift for deeper engagement in CSDP is likely shaped by recognition that strategic trans-Atlantic partnership is not certain anymore, as well as UK role at post-Brexit period as 3rd party.

Avrupa Birliği, ekonomik bütünleşme alanında başarılı olup şimdiye kadar görülen en başarılı birlik olmuştur. Ekonomik alanın aksine güvenlik ve savunma alanı ise Birliğin epeyce zorlandığı, tartışıldığı ve çekinceli bir alan olmuştur. Soğuk Savaş döneminde, güvenlik ve savunma alanında önemli bir çaba harcanmış; Batı Avrupa Birliği kurulmuş, Avrupa Savunma Topluluğu kurma girişiminde bulunulmuş ancak hedeflenen sonuçlara tam anlamıyla ulaşılamamıştır. Soğuk Savaş dönemi güvenlik ve savunma konuları bakımından AB için NATO gölgesinde geçmiştir. Fakat asıl önemli olan gelişmeler Soğuk Savaş'ın bitimi ile yaşanmaya başlamıştır. 1992 Maastricht Antlaşması ile Ortak Dış Politika ve Güvenlik Politikasında (ODGP) çok önemli bir adım atılmış ve siyasi bütünleşme sürecine gidilmeye başlanmıştır. Bu aşamada, güvenlik ve savunma politikaları hükümetlerarası düzeyde de olsa AB'nin ikinci sütununu oluşturmuştur. Devam eden süreçte ise Avrupa Güvenlik Savunma Politikası (AGSP) ve NATO ile işbirligi içinde oluşturulan Avrupa Guvenlik Savunma Kimliği (AGSK) oluşturulmuştur. Ayrıca yapılan çeşitli Zirvelerle bu süreçler hızlı bir biçimde gelişmiştir. 2009 yılında Lizbon Antlaşması'nın yürürlüğe girmesi ile de birliğin hem anayasal hem de hukuki olarak Ortak Güvenlik ve Savunma Politikasının (OGSP) temel dayanakları ve kuruluşu tamamlanmıştır. Son dönem gelişmesi olarak da yine Lizbon Antlaşmasında yer alan "kalıcı yapısal işbirliği" ilkesinden yine aynı isimle yola çıkılarak "Kalıcı Yapısal İşbirliği" (PESCO) yapısı oluşturulmuştur. Avrupa Birliği'nin ortak bir güvenlik ve savunma politikası oluşturması süreci incelenirken, AB'nin NATO ile olan ilişkilerinin de göz önünde bulundurulması zorunludur. Bu nedenle, NATO'nun bu savunma ve güvenlik sürecine olan etkisi ve Avrupa Birliği'nin savunma ve güvenlik politikası oluşturma sürecinde meydana gelen politikaların NATO'ya yansımaları ve etkileri de irdelenmek durumundadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada genel olarak güvenlik kavramından başlanarak uluslararası, toplumsal ve küresel anlamda güvenlik ve güvenliğe etki eden faktörler ele alınmış, AB Güvenlik ve Savunma Politikasının oluşum süreci ile günümüze kadar yaşadığı belli başlı önemli gelişmelere değinilmiş; NATO ile olan ilişkileri üzerinde durulmuş ve günümüzde gelinen aşama incelenmiştir. Ayrıca bu politika çerçevesinde yapılan bazı ortak operasyonlara da değinilmiştir. ; The European Union, has become the most successful union ever seen achieving economic integration. Contrary to the field of economy, the field of security and defence, has been a highly challenging, controversial and risky area the Union struggles with. Much effort had been spent in the field of security and defence during the Cold War period, West European Union had been established; attempts to establish European Defence Community had been made however targeted results could not be obtained in the fullest sense. For EU, the Cold War period, had been overshadowed by NATO in terms of security and defence issues. However, major developments began to be experienced subsequent to the end of the Cold War. A considerable step in Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP), was taken by Maastricht Treaty of 1992 and the process of political integration, thus, was initiated. At this stage, although the security and defence policies have been at intergovernmental level, they constituted the second pillar of EU. In the ongoing process, the European Security Defence Policy Identity (ESDI) has been established in accordance with European Security Defence Policy (ESDP) and NATO. Additionally,through various summits held, these processess have been rapidly improved. As Lisbon Treaty entered into effect in 2009, the basic foundation and establishment of EU's Common Security and Defence Policy (EU CSDP) has been set both constitutionally and legally. As a recent development, based upon the principle of "Permanent Structured Cooperation" which is included in Lisbon Treaty, once again, the Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) structure has been established. Taking the relations between European Union and NATO, as well, into consideration is obligatory for the establishment procedure of European Union's common security and defence policy to be examined. For this reason, NATO's effect over the mentioned defence and security process, and the reflections and effects of policies brought up during EU's defence and security policy formation process on NATO, are to be studied as well. In this context, within the scope of this study, starting from the concept of security in general, the aspect of security and factors influencing it in international, social and global terms are taken into consideration; the formation process of EU Security and Defence Policy and the concerning main developments occurring until today, are mentioned; its relations with NATO are accentuated and the final stage reached today is analysed. In addition to this, some of the common operations executed within the frame of this policy are also considered.