With increased political polarisation and the emergence of populist governments around the world – many of which erode regulatory requirements such as EIA – there is an urgent need to be able to identify and explain the potential benefits of EIA for government. The aim of this paper is to explore the benefits of EIA for government as perceived by EIA regulators. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 175 representatives from the South African EIA regulator. The questionnaire asked the respondents to indicate what they perceive to be potential and realised EIA benefits for government. They were also asked how they recommend the gap between potential and realised benefits might be closed. The results show that the main perceived benefits of EIA to government relate to short-term, project-specific benefits such as the protection of local biodiversity, public participation, legal compliance and enforcement, as well as certain immediate economic benefits. The promotion of sustainable development is not considered a realistically achievable benefit for EIA. It is recommended that for EIA to clearly define and achieve its potential benefits for government, it needs to rediscover and embrace its roots as a project level instrument aimed at dealing with biophysical impacts and environmental protection
The public outcry over environmental damage caused by illconsidered planning has led many countries to institutionalise the EIA in regulating environmental change. In South Africa the growing public concern over the environmental damage caused by major projects, the formation of a council to represent all conservation bodies and the concensus over legislation the council has reached with the planning professions, clearly indicate that an EIA of development projects will in future also become compulsory here, possibly within the next three years.
The technique of environmental impact analysis (EIA) was developed initially in the United States in response to a requirement of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969. Now adopted with variations in at least 30 countries and by the European Community, EIA has proved to be a valuable component of a group of related techniques for discovering and projecting the probable consequences of proposed action.(Abstract amended)
This is the first book to present in a coherent manner the theory and practice of environmental impact assessment (EIA) and strategic environmental assessment (SEA) follow-up. Without some form of follow-up, the consequences of impact assessments and the.
The paper considers the problem of determining the amount and level of detail of the study in the procedures for assessing environmental impacts and strategic environmental assessment. Based on a deep analysis of the scoping process of international environmental assessment systems for planned activities for Internet resources and Internet portals, as well as modern Ukrainian environmental legislation, the author proposes a methodology for determining the scope and level of detail of the study in the procedures for assessing environmental impacts and strategic environmental assessment. The process of determining the scope and level of detail of the research in the procedures for assessing environmental impacts and strategic environmental assessment is a particularly important and most important stage in the planning of environmental, environmental and environmental impact assessment work. Determining the scope and level of detail of the study is scupping, a process designed to enhance the effectiveness of EIA and SEA procedures by identifying key issues, interests and alternatives that require research. This information will allow those responsible for the implementation of the ATS to properly target the research team to study significant issues. In addition, the systematic identification of tasks reduces the likelihood that an EIA and SEA report will have serious omissions, thereby avoiding delays associated with the need to process a report. Task definition is performed to ensure that time and money will not be wasted for collecting unnecessary raw data or performing unnecessary research, and important issues will not be missed. The article also substantiates the results of scoping. The author proposes to compile a technical task for conducting an EIA and SEA based on scoping results. Key words: scoping, environmental impact assessment, strategic environmental assessment, ecological assessment, subject of management. ; У роботі розглянуто проблему щодо визначення обсягу та рівня деталізації дослідження у процедурах оцінки впливів на довкілля та стратегічної екологічної оцінки. Базуючись на глибокому аналізі процедури скоупінгу міжнародних систем екологічних оцінок планованої діяльності за Інтернет-ресурсів та Інтернет-порталів, а також сучасного українського природоохоронного законодавства автором пропонується методологія визначення обсягу та рівня деталізації дослідження у процедурах оцінки впливів на довкілля та стратегічної екологічної оцінки. Процес визначення обсягу та рівня деталізації дослідження у процедурах оцінки впливів на довкілля та стратегічної екологічної оцінки є особливо важливим та найголовнішим етапом планування робіт з екологічного оцінювання проектної, планової та іншої діяльності, яка може чинити вплив на навколишнє середовище. Визначення обсягу та рівня деталізації дослідження – скоупінг, це процес покликаний сприяти підвищенню ефективності процедурам ОВД та СЕО шляхом виявлення ключових проблем, інтересів і альтернатив, що вимагають дослідження. Ця інформація дозволить особам, відповідальним за виконання ОВД, належним чином орієнтувати дослідницьку групу на дослідження значимих проблем. Крім того, систематичне визначення завдань зменшує імовірність того, що звіт з ОВД або СЕО буде мати серйозні упущення, і тим самим дозволяє уникнути затримок, пов'язаних з необхідністю переробки звіту. Визначення завдань виконується, щоб гарантувати, що час і гроші не будуть витрачені даремно на збір непотрібних вихідних даних або виконання непотрібних досліджень, а важливі проблеми не будуть упущені. У статті також обґрунтовується й результати скоупінгу. Автор пропонує складати технічне завдання на проведення ОВД (СЕО) за результатами скоупінгу.
Due to growing public awareness and rising requirements of legislation and customers' expectations in the field of sustainability, it is increasingly important for enterprises to assess and subsequently reduce their environmental impact. However, the acquisition of environmental data in enterprises still causes considerable effort, due to the necessary manual acquisition. A unified asset administration shell (AAS) potentially provides higher data transparency and environmental data interoperability along the value chain and, thus a more detailed (real-time capable) accounting of the environmental impact of products and services. Hence, this paper presents an approach for an automated environmental impact assessments (EIA) of products and production sites via AAS. Thereby, a first application of the AAS in the context of automated EIAs was implemented at the ARENA2036 research factory. The AAS automatically collects energy and emission data throughout a production process and thus allows the allocation of actual emissions to product and equipment (environmental wallet). The results reveal a first starting point for automated EIA, facilitating individual EIAs to address increasing product variety.
