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News framing effects theory : an integrative view -- News framing effects ... from where? -- News framing effects ... on what? -- Moderators of news framing effects ... on whom? -- Mediators of news framing effects ... how and why? -- The duration of news framing effects ... how long? -- The future of news framing effects ... and now?

The purpose of this paper is to apply and evaluate the bibliometric method Bradfordizing for information retrieval (IR) experiments. Bradfordizing is used for generating core document sets for subject-specific questions and to re-order result sets. The method will be applied and tested in a controlled scenario of scientific literature databases from social and political sciences, economics, psychology and medical science and 164 standardized IR topics. The IR tests show that relevance distributions after re-ranking improve at a significant level if articles in the core are compared with articles in the succeeding zones. (Author's abstract)

While the political dimensions of the four-month-old Qatar crisis have been analyzed at length - and largely echo those of the Council's 2014 rift - there has been less scrutiny of the row's social impact. The social ramifications mirror the ongoing political strife, yet are likely to outlast the crisis, and thus dim the prospects for any resolution. Furthermore, because this clash is so remarkably public, it has become nearly impossible for nationals not to take sides. During past Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) clashes, the ultimate unity of the Gulf states has been highlighted thanks to family, tribal, religious, and historical ties. Yet amid the current crisis, political intransigence has underscored the social differences, particularly national identities.

The media effects tradition occupies a hugely influential and dominant role within mainstream communications research. It is unquestionably the longest running tradition within the field of audience studies, spanning nearly its entire history, yet it continues to divide opinion, both methodologically and with regard to its fundamental approach towards the study of media audiences. Its influence extends well beyond the academy, and the powerful influence exerted by its research agenda on public and political understanding of the impact of media is perhaps one of its most significant achievements.

The investigation of emphasis framing effects is one of the most often analyzed types of communicative influences on citizens' attitudes within political communication research. A vast amount of empirical studies suggested that simple changes in the emphasis on a specific aspect of an issue or event can produce significantly different issue attitudes, which fostered discussions about citizens' susceptibility to an irrational attitude formation under one-sided framing conditions.
However, the empirical paradigm of researching emphasis framing effects has received important criticism in the last years. Most of this critique argues that the investigated frames have been often confounded with varying thematic information implying that the susceptibility to framing effects is overrated in the literature and could likewise originate from differing issue-specific information and not from the frame emphases themselves. Given that this critique would find empirical support and only varying thematic information would be responsible for framing effects, the found effects in the literature would imply that the attitudinal shifts are not irrational but the result of rationally learning from different thematic information. Moreover, the theoretical contribution of the emphasis framing approach would be seriously questioned and could be nothing more than the longstanding concept of persuasion based on the provision of new thematic information.
In order to test whether emphasis frames exert unique effects on citizens' issue attitudes, this study introduces the concept of salience emphasis frames as a type of framing that is not confounded with the provision of further issue-specific information but uses well-known and cross-thematic patterns of interpretation such as political values to contextualize thematic information. In addition, the study integrates the varying argument strength of thematic information and citizens' political value preferences as two further variables that could condition the frame effect, which enables a test for salience emphasis framing effects in differently challenging situations.