Suchergebnisse

Management of technology : setting the scene -- Design of technological firms -- Human resource management for advanced technology -- Cost and financial accounting in high-technology firms -- Foundations for successful high-technology marketing -- Managing the dynamics of technology in modern day society -- Development and diffusion of breakthrough communication technologies -- Forecasting the market potential of new products -- The innovating firm in a societal context -- Complex decision making in multi-actor systems -- Corporate strategy and technology -- Innovation in context : from R&D management to innovation networks -- Operation management with system dynamics -- Managing knowledge processes -- Making the impossible possible : controlling innovation -- When failure is not an option : managing complex technologies under intensifying interdependencies -- Managing performance in firms -- Management dilemmas and strategies in practice.

Technology introduction -- Innovation as a business process -- Understanding innovation solutions -- Impact on firms -- Creating new products and services -- Capturing the benefits of innovation -- Capture learning from innovation -- Influence on consumers -- Open innovation and collaboration -- Consumer acceptance of innovation -- Smart consumers (CLARA) -- Technology-driven forms of marketing -- Final thoughts

Although the relationship between competition and firm innovation has long been of scholarly interest, prior research has predominantly considered changes in internal research and development (R&D) as a strategic response to competitors' actions. In this study, we focus on one of the most important and commonly observed contractual mechanisms used to acquire external technologies: technology licensing. Surprisingly, licensing has been mostly overlooked by prior studies examining the effect of competition on firms' allocation of R&D. We take into account the unique properties of licensing and systematically link them to the demands arising from the competitive pressure caused by rivals' launches of new products. Furthermore, we discuss how licensing-in decisions ultimately shape a firm's subsequent innovation in areas where they are threatened by competitors and how such innovation depends on the cumulative R&D investments inside the organization into which licensed knowledge is added. We test our theoretical model through a longitudinal design that tracks the licensing-in and innovation outcomes of firms in the global biopharmaceutical industry. Accounting for the endogenous selection of firms into licensing, our findings illustrate that licensing-in is motivated by competitive pressures. We also find that licensing-in increases a firm's capacity to innovate in areas where competitors have exerted pressure, particularly in the presence of cumulative R&D investments. In so doing, the paper anchors technology licensing as a key organizational action that helps increase our understanding of the important relationship between competition and innovation.

Recommended readings (Machine generated): Jan Fagerberg, Morten Fosaas and Koson Sapprasert (2012), 'Innovation: Exploring the Knowledge Base' -- Ben R. Martin (2013), 'Innovation Studies: An Emerging Agenda' -- Eric von Hippel (2005), 'Democratizing Innovation: The Evolving Phenomenon of User Innovation' -- Keld Laursen and Ammon Salter (2006), 'Open for Innovation: The Role of Openness in Explaining Innovation Performance Among U.K. Manufacturing Firms' -- David J. Teece (2007), 'Explicating Dynamic Capabilities: The Nature and Microfoundations of (Sustainable) Enterprise Performance' -- Bruno Cassiman and Reinhilde Veugelers (2006), 'In Search of Complementarity in Innovation Strategy: Internal R&D and External Knowledge Acquisition' -- Morten Berg Jensen, Björn Johnson, Edward Lorenz and Bengt Åke Lundvall (2007), 'Forms of Knowledge and Modes of Innovation' -- Bruno Crépon, Emmanuel Duguet and Jacques Mairesse (1998), 'Research, Innovation and Productivity: An Econometric Analysis at the Firm Level' -- Wesley M. Cohen and Steven Klepper (1996), 'A Reprise of Size and R&D' -- Ron A. Boschma (2005), 'Proximity and Innovation: A Critical Assessment' -- Steven Klepper (2010), 'The Origin and Growth of Industry Clusters: The Making of Silicon Valley and Detroit' -- Bronwyn H. Hall (2002), 'The Financing of Research and Development' -- Wesley M. Cohen, Richard R. Nelson and John P. Walsh (2000), 'Protecting Their Intellectual Assets: Appropriability Conditions and Why U.S. Manufacturing Firms Patent (Or Not)' -- Ashish Arora and Alfonso Gambardella (2010), 'Ideas for Rent: An Overview of Markets for Technology' -- David C. Mowery and Arvids A. Ziedonis (2002), 'Academic Patent Quality Before and After the Bayh-Dole Act in the United States' -- Petra Moser (2005), 'How Do Patent Laws Influence Innovation? Evidence From Nineteenth-Century World's Fairs' -- Ian Miles (2004), 'Innovation in Services' -- Chris Freeman (2002), 'Continental, National and Sub-National Innovation Systems - Complementarity and Economic Growth' -- Xielin Liu and Steven White (2001), 'Comparing Innovation Systems: A Framework and Application to China's Transitional Context'.

Chile and Canada are two countries who share the challenge of creating and maintaining a vital ''national system of innovation'' to serve the needs of their resource-based economies. Chile and Canada also have a rich history of research collaboration, largely fostered by the activities of IDRC. With this in mind, and following a conversation between Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrétien and Chilean President Eduardo Frei in 1997, IDRC and the Chilean National Council for Science and Technology (CONICYT) agreed to collaborate in a review of Chile's policies and programs in science and technolog