Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- 1 Introduction to Spatial Modeling of Flood Risk and Hazard: Societal Implication -- Abstract -- 1.1 Concept of Floods -- 1.2 Impact of Flood-Global Scenario -- 1.3 Floods in India-A Case Study -- 1.4 Need for Floods Prediction Map -- 1.5 Role of Geospatial Technology for Floods Prediction -- 1.6 Key Aims of the Book -- 1.7 Individual Chapters -- References -- 2 Flood Susceptibility Mapping Using Morphometric Parameters and GIS -- Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Study Area -- 2.3 Data and Methods -- 2.4 Results and Discussion -- 2.4.1 Morphometric Parameters -- 2.4.1.1 Linear Parameters -- 2.4.1.2 Areal Parameters -- 2.4.1.3 Relief Parameters -- 2.4.2 Prioritization of the Sub-basin for Flood Susceptibility -- 2.4.3 Validation -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Palaeohydrologic Estimates of Flood Discharge of Lower Ramganga River Catchment of Ganga Basin, India, Using Slackwater Deposits -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Study Reach -- 3.3 Database and Methodology -- 3.3.1 Flood Frequency Analysis by Log-Pearson Type III Distribution -- 3.3.2 Palaeoflood Hydrological Investigations -- 3.3.3 Grain Size Measurement -- 3.4 Result and Discussion -- 3.4.1 Hydrological Characteristics -- 3.4.2 Estimation of Probable Flood Discharge and Flood Recurrence Interval -- 3.4.3 Estimation of Palaeohydraulic Flood Discharge Using Slack Water Deposits -- 3.4.4 Stratigraphy and Grain Size Analysis of Slackwater Deposits -- 3.4.5 Accuracy Assessment -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Flood Risk Zone Identification Using Multi-criteria Decision Approach -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Study Area -- 4.3 Materials and Method -- 4.3.1 Collection of Secondary Data -- 4.3.2 Analysis of Flood Frequency -- 4.3.3 Satellite Data Acquisition and Preprocessing.

There has been a long debate over the effect of logging on flood events. The 1998 Yangtze River Flood sounded the alarm for Chinese Government to take actions to protect her environment for sustainable development and Chinese Government proposed strict logging ban after this disaster. Unexpectedly, these well-intentioned environmental policies received controversy criticism from the international community. The main reason behind this phenomenon is that the relationship between forest and flood is still unclear. Based on intense literature research, this paper uses Yangtze River Watershed as a specific example to explore the relationship between forests, floods, and the biophysical environment. Chinese Government's policy taken after 1998 Yangtze River Flood will also be evaluated according to conclusions made regarding the relationship between logging and flood. ; Forestry, Faculty of ; Unreviewed ; Undergraduate

This article describes a research project focusing on flood insurance purchase decisions of low-income residents of eastern North Carolina who are obliged to purchase an NFIP flood insurance policy as a result of having accepted a disaster assistance grant following Hurricane Floyd. A survey was sent to a random sample of these disaster assistance recipients and results show that, despite the obligation, as many as 41% do not purchase flood insurance. People say that they do not purchase flood insurance because they cannot afford it. The only significant predictor of flood insurance purchase for this population is the purchase of homeowner insurance.

Abstract. A multidisciplinary and integrated approach to the flood mitigation decision making process should provide the best response of society in a flood hazard situation including preparation works and post hazard mitigation. In Slovenia, there is a great lack of data on social aspects and public response to flood mitigation measures and information management. In this paper, two studies of flood perception in the Slovenian town Celje are represented. During its history, Celje was often exposed to floods, the most recent serious floods being in 1990 and in 1998, with a hundred and fifty return period and more than ten year return period, respectively. Two surveys were conducted in 1997 and 2003, with 157 participants from different areas of the town in the first, and 208 in the second study, aiming at finding the general attitude toward the floods. The surveys revealed that floods present a serious threat in the eyes of the inhabitants, and that the perception of threat depends, to a certain degree, on the place of residence. The surveys also highlighted, among the other measures, solidarity and the importance of insurance against floods.

Abstract. The use of non-systematic flood data for statistical purposes depends on the reliability of the assessment of both flood magnitudes and their return period. The earliest known extreme flood year is usually the beginning of the historical record. Even if one properly assesses the magnitudes of historic floods, the problem of their return periods remains unsolved. The matter at hand is that only the largest flood (XM) is known during whole historical period and its occurrence marks the beginning of the historical period and defines its length (L). It is common practice to use the earliest known flood year as the beginning of the record. It means that the L value selected is an empirical estimate of the lower bound on the effective historical length M. The estimation of the return period of XM based on its occurrence (L), i.e. ^M = L, gives a severe upward bias. The problem arises that to estimate the time period (M) representative of the largest observed flood XM. From the discrete uniform distribution with support 1, 2, ... , M of the probability of the L position of XM, one gets ^L = M/2. Therefore ^M = 2L has been taken as the return period of XM and as the effective historical record length as well this time. As in the systematic period (N) all its elements are smaller than XM, one can get ^M = 2t( L+N). The efficiency of using the largest historical flood (XM) for large quantile estimation (i.e. one with return period T = 100 years) has been assessed using the maximum likelihood (ML) method with various length of systematic record (N) and various estimates of the historical period length ^M comparing accuracy with the case when systematic records alone (N) are used only. The simulation procedure used for the purpose incorporates N systematic record and the largest historic flood (XMi) in the period M, which appeared in the Li year of the historical period. The simulation results for selected two-parameter distributions, values of their parameters, different N and M values are presented in terms of bias and root mean square error RMSEs of the quantile of interest are more widely discussed.

This study aimed to investigate the flood prevention and mitigation initiatives of Cabanatuan to gain information that served as the basis for the development and integration of flood prevention and mitigation initiatives in the City. The researcher used the descriptive research design with questionnaire as the main tool to gather information from the 110 barangay residents and officials, Local Government Units (LGU) and Cabanatuan City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office officers (CCDRRMO) of the City. The study found out that: a. Cabanatuan City is vulnerable to floodings; barangays in Cabanatuan that are more flood physical vulnerable are Aduas Centro, Aduas Norte, Aduas Sur, Bagong Sikat, Bakero, Bakod Bayan, Bantug Bulalo, Barlis, Barrera and Balite; b. Heavy and prolonged rainfall, clogged river, canals, creeks and streams, lack of preventive infrastructure and facilities and poor implementation of waste management system were the possible leading causes of flooding in Cabanatuan City; c. The flood prevention and mitigation initiatives as to control over the river and control over the land were moderately implemented while other mitigation measures that had been done by the City Government were properly implemented; d. There is no significant difference in the responses of the three groups of respondents regarding the flood prevention and mitigation initiatives done by the Cabanatuan City government; e. Monthly seminars regarding floods for proper awareness and readiness, strict implementation of the law, appropriate coordination with community and government authorities and better flood prevention and mitigation plan were the suggestions of the respondents towards a flood-free city.