Suchergebnisse

Intro -- HIGH RISK HEALTH INSURANCE POOLS -- HIGH RISK HEALTH INSURANCE POOLS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 EMPORARY FEDERAL HIGH RISK HEALTH INSURANCE POOL PROGRAM -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- TEMPORARY FEDERAL HIGH RISK POOL PROGRAM -- Program Administration -- Funding for Eligible Entities -- Eligibility Criteria -- Application Procedures and Enrollment -- Plan Benefits and Premium Rates -- Reducing 2011 Premiums -- APPENDIX. PCIP PROGRAM TABLES -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 STATEMENT OF STEVEN B. LARSEN, DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR AND DIRECTOR, CENTER FOR CONSUMER INFORMATION AND INSURANCE OVERSIGHT, CENTERS FOR MEDICARE AND MEDICAID SERVICES. HEARING ON "THE PPACA'S HIGH RISK POOL REGIME: HIGH COST LOW PARTICIPATION" -- DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRE-EXISTING CONDITION INSURANCE PLAN (PCIP) -- ENROLLMENT -- PARTNERSHIPS WITH STATES -- OUTREACH EFFORTS -- MOVING FORWARD -- End Notes -- Chapter 3 HEALTH INSURANCE: STATE HIGH RISK POOLS -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- Health Insurance Context -- Health Policy Context -- STATE HIGH RISK POOLS -- General Characteristics of State High Risk Pools -- Administration -- Premiums and Funding -- Benefits -- Eligibility -- Enrollment -- FEDERAL GRANTS TO STATE HIGH RISK POOLS -- 107th Congress -- 109th Congress -- 110th Congress -- 111th Congress -- Health Reform -- End Notes -- Chapter 4 HEALTH INSURANCE: ENROLLMENT, BENEFITS, FUNDING, AND OTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF STATE HIGH-RISK HEALTH INSURANCE POOLS -- RESULTS IN BRIEF -- HRP Enrollment and Demographics of Those Enrolled -- HRP Cost-sharing Provisions, Coverage Restrictions, and Premiums -- HRP Governance, Expenditures, and Funding -- AGENCY COMMENTS -- ENCLOSURE I. HRP ENROLLMENT AND DEMOGRAPHICS OF HRP ENROLLEES, FISCAL YEAR 2008 -- ENCLOSURE II. HRP PLAN COST-SHARING PROVISIONS, BENEFITS, COVERAGE RESTRICTIONS, AND PREMIUMS

Abstract
In this paper, a general framework is built up to model the dynamic of consumer health plan choice and individual health insurance market competition. A primary goal is to identify driving forces to individual health insurance equilibrium market coverage and premium. In the baseline model, we introduce plan quality information search cost as an additional determinant to consumer's plan choice. Health insurers compete under the Hotelling's game theory framework. Equilibrium solutions of the baseline model highlight the importance of budget limit and information search cost to health plan enrollment. The more important objective is to examine the impact of market entrants on equilibrium insurance market coverage and plan prices. In the model with market entry, we add an additional dimension to the baseline model. Equilibrium solutions and numerical studies show positive impact of higher insurance market coverage and lower health plan prices. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) brought multiple unprecedented changes to the health insurance market and provided opportunities to study market dynamics and driving forces. The ACA health insurance exchange market experience shows consistency with our model findings even at the early stage of implementation. More importantly, market observations suggest that entry barriers of claim costs and information search cost are high for entrants.

The Affordable Care Act of 2010 created a number of federal and state exchanges through which buyers and sellers of health care services conduct business. Some private health insurance exchanges had existed before the Affordable Care Act, mainly for Medicare-eligible retirees. However, beginning in 2012, in response to a number of developments, private sector employers began using such exchanges for active employee health plans. The adoption of private exchanges has been spectacular, and they will soon dominate the private sector employer-sponsored health benefits market. This article examines this important development.

Bermuda, a British island territory located in the remote North Atlantic, remains a serviceable country to its citizens. However, it still lacks a national healthcare system: marking it as a difficult country to live in. Despite acknowledging this issue, Bermudan officials have made few attempts to fix the problem. This, in turn, has made Bermuda the highest annual spender on health per capita in the world at $11,952. As such, the cost of living is rather high in Bermuda, sitting at a full 94.86% higher than the cost of living in the United States. All of this makes affording healthcare the main issue in Bermudan society. Attempts to fix the issue include requiring businesses to supply employees healthcare by law, however this is rather expensive, and it excludes foreigners (Bermuda is a massive tourist hub) as well as the 7% of the population that is unemployed. This paper will discuss the best solution for this crisis, as well as what the Bermuda Government must do to achieve this goal.