IRANIAN-AMERICAN NEGOTIATIONS
In: Journal of international affairs, Band 69, Heft 2, S. 177
ISSN: 0022-197X
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In: Journal of international affairs, Band 69, Heft 2, S. 177
ISSN: 0022-197X
In: Africa research bulletin. Political, social and cultural series, Band 51, Heft 5, S. 20152A-20153A
ISSN: 1467-825X
In: Africa research bulletin. Political, social and cultural series, Band 51, Heft 5, S. 20152A
ISSN: 0001-9844
In: American foreign policy interests, Band 28, Heft 2, S. 159-161
ISSN: 1533-2128
In: American foreign policy interests, Band 28, Heft 2, S. 159-161
ISSN: 1533-2128
In: Washington report on Middle East affairs, Band 16, S. 10-13
ISSN: 8755-4917
Perspectives on implications of the election of Ayatollah Mohammed Khatami, a moderate leader, as president in the May 23, 1997 election; 5 articles.
In: The Adelphi Papers, Band 35, Heft 296, S. 50-69
In: Political affairs: pa ; a Marxist monthly ; a publication of the Communist Party USA, Band 25, S. 327-330
ISSN: 0032-3128
Reprinted from Izvestia, Mar. 16, 1946.
In: The round table: the Commonwealth journal of international affairs, Band 32, Heft 125, S. 82-96
ISSN: 1474-029X
In: Iran and the Caucasus: research papers from the Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies = Iran i kavkaz : trudy Kavkazskogo e͏̈tìsentra iranistiki, Band 14, Heft 2, S. 265-278
ISSN: 1573-384X
AbstractAfter the disintegration of the Soviet Union, political élites of some of the former Soviet republics, especially the Turkic-speaking ones, found themselves in ideological limbo. The first President of Turkmenistan, Saparmurat Niyazov (Saparmyrat Nyýazow), has trodden his way out from the vacuum of legitimacy in the most original and interesting manner. In 2001, Niyazov, known also as Turkmenbashi (Türkmenbaşy), made public his book, Ruhnama, which later has been translated into about fifty languages. The book, appealing to the Oğuz Turkic heritage of the Turkmen nation, to her remote Parthian past, and to vague Islamic cultural inheritance, was supposed to provide guidelines for nation-building and cohesiveness. Atatürk's Nutuk was one of the literary models of Niyazov's book. Having fixed the newly-invented national mythology in writing, Niyazov was not only shaping his society in the desirable manner, but also legitimising his own rule. This paper analyses fragments of different—and not identical—versions of the first part of the work in several languages, mostly in Turkmen, Turkish, Russian, and English. The author suggests that the text of the Ruhnama was updated several times, with different translations reflecting different stages of fixing the original; the English text was translated faithfully from the elaborated Turkish translation, not from the Turkmen.
Background and Aim: This article presents some perspective on bioterrorism by focuses on Agroterrorism cases. This study focuses attention on the issue of Agroterrorismand discusses criminal response against it in Iranian Criminal law. Materials and Methods: A handful of studies and researches have been reviewed for preparing this study.Ethical Considerations:Honesty in the literature and citation analysis and reporting were considered.Findings: Agroterrorism attack may results in the agricultural and food industries, loss of confidence in government, and possibly human casualties. The fear of a bioterrorist attack in the world have changed public health in countries. Based on these facts, a sharp and quick response including criminal responses against this kind of terrorism to protect the safety of community as well as health policies is necessary.Conclusion: Agroterrorism is a new form of terrorism which falls in the realm of bioterrorism. This kind of offence against the community attracts policy makers' high level of attentions. Iranian legislator amongst other policies prosecute offenders with article 286 of Penal Code: "Corruption on Earth". This question that this title is appropriate to combat Agroterrorism depends on the extent of the behaviors results. This title belongs to situation that vast geographic area or huge number of populations was affected due to terroristic attacks. The punishment of offender(s) is capital punishment.
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In: Middle Eastern affairs, Band 2, S. 213-224
ISSN: 0544-0483
In this article it was spoken about Akdarband Iranians living in Khorezm, the history of their migration and their role in social and political life of Khiva khanate.
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