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There has been significant interest in the role of social media in the lives of adolescents, particularly as it relates to sexual risk. Researchers have focused on understanding usage behaviors, quantifying effects of social media exposure and activity, and using social media to intervene. Much of this work has focused on college students and non-minority youth. In this paper, we examine the growing body of literature around social media use among US minority youth and its intersection with sexual risk behavior. We introduce the concept of the "digital neighborhood" and examine the intersection of social media and sexual health in two domains: 1) sexual content in social media and 2) evidence of social media effects on sexual behavior. Finally, we discuss the opportunities and challenges for researchers and practitioners engaging youth of color. (author's abstract)

1. Invisible no more : the status and experience of Latino males from multidisciplinary perspectives / Pedro A. Noguera and Aida Hurtado -- 2. Social mobility and the complex status of Latino males : education, employment, and incarceration patterns from 2000-2009 / Mellie Torres and Edward Fergus -- 3. Adolescent Mexican American males : no increased risk of mental health problems / Robert E. Roberts and Catherine Ramsay Roberts -- 4. Reducing sexual and reproductive health disparities among Latino men : exploring solutions in the boundaries of masculinity / Miguel Munoz-Laboy and Ashley Perrry -- 5. Searching for ideal masculinity : negotiating day labor work and life at the margins / Abel Valenzuela, Jr. and Maria C. Olivares Pasillas -- 6. "Where the boys are" : macro and micro considerations for the study of young Latino men's educational achievement / Aida Hurtado, Craig Haney, and Jose G. Hurtado -- 7. Taking count of gender and legal status within Latino media policy / Dolores Ines Casillas -- 8. Anchoring the measurement of machismo and Latino male identity in contemporary definition and theory / Maria Felix-Ortiz. [et al.] -- 9. Transforming boys, transforming masculinity, transforming culture : masculinity anew in Latino and Latina children's literature / Phillip Serrato -- 10. Undocumented Latino youth : strategies for accessing higher education / Daysi Diaz-Strong. [et al.] -- 11. Claiming queer cultural citizenship : gay Latino (im)migrant acts in San Francisco / Horacio N. Roque Ramirez -- 12. Does race and national origin influence the hourly wages that Latino males receive? / Clara E. Rodriguez, Grigoris Argeros, and Michal H. Miyawaki -- 13. The relevance of skin color in the construction of an ethnic identification among Mexican and Puerto Rican boys / Edward Fergus -- 14. Racially stigmatized masculinities and empowerment : conceptualizing and nurturing Latino males' schooling in the United States / Nancy Lopez -- 15. "Sometimes you need to spill your heart out to somebody" : close friendships among Latino adolescent boys / Niobe Way, Carlos Santos, and Alexandra Cordero -- 16. Street socialization and the psychosocial moratorium / James Diego Vigil -- 17. Latino male violence in the United States / Ramiro Martinez, Jr. and Jacob I. Stowell -- 18. What we have learned : the role of public policy in promoting macro- and micro-levels of intervention in response to the challenges confronting Latino men / Pedro A. Noguera, Aida Hurtado, and Edward Fergus.

Part One. Overview. Global perspectives on media literacy -- A Snapshot : the state of media literacy education in the United States -- Media literacy in the age of big data -- Four fundamental challenges in designing media literacy interventions -- Part Two. Media literacy, news, and propaganda. Focusing on facts : media and news literacy education in the age of misinformation -- Propaganda critic, Russian disinformation, and media literacy : a case study -- The imperative of Latino-oriented media and news literacy -- Blame attribution, warrants and critical thinking : South Africa's Overvaal debacle as a case study -- Media literacy and a typology of political deceptions -- Part Three. Media literacy and education. Media literacy and professional education : oil and water? -- News media literacy in the digital age : a measure of need and usefulness of a university curriculum in Egypt -- The MOOC for media literacy : examining media literacy practices in a massive open online course -- A model for media literacy across a lifespan : wisdom from pedagogical pilots -- Part Four. Media literacy and social action. Civic standpoint and the pursuit of media literacies -- The Colombian Freedom of Information Act : using media literacy to understand and implement the law -- The literacies of participatory cultures -- Civic engagement, social justice, and media literacy -- Critical media literacy and environmental justice.

To examine the effects of the 2008 Obama campaign's targeted media effort aimed at Latino voters, we married 2008 campaign media data from multiple sources to survey data on registered Latino voters in Nevada and Arizona to examine the specific impact of advertisement buys on that population. In the presence of controls, Obama's media spending advantage over McCain had a significant and positive relationship with an Obama vote. When looking at local broadcast, cable and radio specifically, we find a significant relationship between spending differentials on local broadcast advertising and vote intention but not between spending differentials on radio and cable buys.

In presidential elections over the last several decades, observers have noticed two
patterns involving Latinos. The first, according to DeSipio and de la Garza (2002, 398), is that "With each presidential election, the media and the
punditocracy discover Latinos anew." As Jorge Ramos (2004) pointed
out, "Without fail every four years, many politicians in the United States rediscover
Latinos, only to forget them all over again for the next three years…It is a phenomenon so
predictable that I have dubbed it the 'Christopher Columbus Syndrome."'

1. Introduction - Lourdes Torres and Marisa Alicea -- 2. Jennifer as Selena: Rethinking Latinidad in Media and Popular Culture - Frances R. Aparicio -- 3. The Central American Transnational Imaginary: Defining the Transnational and Gendered Contours of Central American Immigrant Experience - Yajaira M. Padilla -- 4. Dora the Explorer, Constructing "Latinidades" and the Politics of Global Citizenship - Nicole M. Guidotti-Hernández -- 5. Making Masculinity: Negotiations of Gender Presentation Among Latino Gay Men - Anthony Ocampo -- 6. "Wild Tongues Can't be Tamed": Rumor, Racialized Sexuality, and the 1917 Bath Riots in the US-Mexico Borderlands - Tala Khanmalek -- 7. Inventing the Race: Latinos and the Ethnoracial Pentagon - Silvio Torres-Saillant -- 8. Latinos as the "Living Dead": Raciality, Expendability, and Border Militarization - John D. Márquez -- 9. TWB (Talking while Bilingual): Linguistic Profiling of Latina/os, and other Linguistic torquemadas - Ana Celia Zentella -- 10. Critical Latinx Indigeneities: A Paradigm Drift - María Josefina Saldaña-Portillo -- 11. "Better than White Trash": Work Ethic, Latinidad and Whiteness in Rural Arkansas - Miranda Cady Hallett -- 12. "I Can't Go to College Because I Don't Have Papers": Incorporation Patterns of Latino Undocumented Youth - Leisy J. Abrego -- 13. The Invisibility of Farmworkers: Implications and Remedies - Ken Saldanha -- 14. Latino Immigrant Men and the Deportation Crisis: A Gendered Racial Removal Program -Tanya Golash-Boza and Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo -- 15. Pursuant to Deportation: Latinos and Immigrant Detention - David Hernández -- 16. Dispatches from the "Viejo" New South: Historicizing Recent Latino Migrations - Julie M. Weise -- 17. The Legal Production of Mexican/Migrant "Illegality" - Nicholas De Genova -- 18. Central American Immigrant Workers and Legal Violence in Phoenix, Arizona - Cecilia Menjíva -- 19. Delinquent Citizenship, National Performances: Racialization, Surveillance, and the Politics of "Worthiness" in Puerto Rican Chicago - Ana Y. Ramos-Zayas -- 20. Beyond Resistance in Dominican American Women's Fiction: Healing and Growth through the Spectrum of Quietude in Angie Cruz's Soledad and Naima Coster's Halsey Street -- Regina Marie Mills -- 21. Disposable Subjects: The Racial Normativity of Neoliberalism and Latino Immigrants - Raymond Rocco .

Over the past four decades, the Latino population of the United States was transformed from a small, ethnically segmented population of Mexicans in the southwest, Puerto Ricans in New York, and Cubans in Miami into a large national population dominated by Mexicans, Central Americans, and South Americans. This transformation occurred through mass immigration, much of it undocumented, to the point where large fractions of non-Caribbean Hispanics lack legal protections and rights in the United States. Rising illegality is critical to understanding the disadvantaged status of Latinos today. The unauthorized population began to grow after avenues for legal entry were curtailed in 1965. The consequent rise in undocumented migration enabled political and bureaucratic entrepreneurs to frame Latino migration as a grave threat to the nation, leading to a rising frequency of negative framings in the media, a growing conservative reaction, and increasingly restrictive immigration and border policies that generated more apprehensions. Rising apprehensions, in turn, further enflamed the conservative reaction to produce even harsher enforcement and more still more apprehensions, yielding a self-feeding cycle in which apprehensions kept rising even though undocumented inflows had stabilized. The consequent militarization of the border had the perverse effect of reducing rates of out-migration rather than inhibiting in-migration, leading to a sharp rise in net undocumented population and rapid growth of the undocumented population. As a result, a majority of Mexican, Central American, and South American immigrants are presently undocumented at a time when unauthorized migrants are subject to increasing sanctions from authorities and the public, yielding down-ward pressure on the status and well-being of Latinos in the United States.

Over the past four decades, the Latino population of the United States was transformed from a small, ethnically segmented population of Mexicans in the southwest, Puerto Ricans in New York, and Cubans in Miami into a large national population dominated by Mexicans, Central Americans, and South Americans. This transformation occurred through mass immigration, much of it undocumented, to the point where large fractions of non-Caribbean Hispanics lack legal protections and rights in the United States. Rising illegality is critical to understanding the disadvantaged status of Latinos today. The unauthorized population began to grow after avenues for legal entry were curtailed in 1965. The consequent rise in undocumented migration enabled political and bureaucratic entrepreneurs to frame Latino migration as a grave threat to the nation, leading to a rising frequency of negative framings in the media, a growing conservative reaction, and increasingly restrictive immigration and border policies that generated more apprehensions. Rising apprehensions, in turn, further enflamed the conservative reaction to produce even harsher enforcement and more still more apprehensions, yielding a self-feeding cycle in which apprehensions kept rising even though undocumented inflows had stabilized. The consequent militarization of the border had the perverse effect of reducing rates of out-migration rather than inhibiting in-migration, leading to a sharp rise in net undocumented population and rapid growth of the undocumented population. As a result, a majority of Mexican, Central American, and South American immigrants are presently undocumented at a time when unauthorized migrants are subject to increasing sanctions from authorities and the public, yielding down-ward pressure on the status and well-being of Latinos in the United States.

"This book offers a critical and practical guide for journalists reporting on issues affecting the Latinx community. Reporting on Latino/a/x Communities emphasizes skills and best practices for covering topics such as economics, immigration, and gender. The authors share honest stories about challenges Latino/a/x journalists face in newsrooms, including imposter syndrome and lack of representation in news, along with strategies to face and tackle systematic barriers. Stories from leaders in the media industry are also featured, including journalists and media professionals from ABC News, Los Angeles Times, Alt.Latino at NPR, and mitú. Additionally highlighted are experimental and non-traditional new initiatives and outlets leading the future of news media for Latino/a/x audiences. This book is an invaluable guide for any student or journalist interested or involved in the news media and questions of Latino/a/x representation"--

There is a story circulating on the Internet and the media about a fictional article from Arnaldo Jabor in which Capo Marcola gives an account of the reasons why he became a drug dealer. This fictional interview is significant because Marcola's statements were taken as true and as it was disseminated by the media it gained strength because it represented the realities of many oppressed groups. The apocryphal story of capo Marcola exemplifies a disenfranchised individual facing extreme hardship who is being forced to make life-changing decisions. Marcola's speech highlights some elements: stratified classes, economic crisis, poor educational system, and government corruption. Many people in Latin America living in similar situations feel identified with Marcola's story (Hoftman, 2009; Filgueira, C., & Peri, A., 2004; Petit, J.M., 2003). Some of these inequalities contribute to the development of "different" values and beliefs in marginalized sectors. Issues that will be discussed in this presentation include an analysis of Marcola's beliefs, his construction of learning, knowledge acquisition, and his street smarts. I will address the multiple forms of stratification of the marginalized in order to understand how Marcola's discourse reinforces class inequality; how marginalized people respond to these inequalities; and the role of the educational system in determining the destiny of such groups. Because education is the gateway to political and economic opportunities, it is important to help the marginalized to extricate themselves from this cycle and provide a system that addresses their real needs

AbstractMost studies on panethnicity have focused on the United States, leaving researchers with little understanding of how it becomes institutionalized in areas with different racial politics and histories. Drawing on fifty-two in-depth interviews with Latin American immigrant leaders, political party operatives, and bureaucrats, in addition to fourteen weeks of participant observation, I examine the establishment of panethnic Latino coalitions in the Barcelona, Spain, which has witnessed a sharp increase in Latin American migration. I argue that unlike in the United States, in Spain political parties play a critical role in establishing panethnic coalitions. They do so by enabling the development of panethnic civic organizations that they hope will be politically loyal to them. Latin American immigrant leaders respond to these efforts by cooperating with parties while also resisting political pressure. Specifically, immigrant leaders forge networks with one another that cross party lines, use media to promote the nonpartisan aspects of panethnicity, and construct cultural and instrumental narratives about panethnic unity. These strategies help immigrant leaders weather political shifts and make panethnicity seem to have arisen organically. Panethnicity is forged as a strategic, cultural, and experiential form of community identification precisely through this interaction between parties, immigrant leaders, and media. Implications for understanding how panethnicity becomes institutionalized and avenues for further international research on panethnicity are discussed.