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This paper reviews research since 1970 on the relationship between accident liability and individual differences, focusing specifically on accidents at work. The history of research into accident liability and the methodological problems associated with the research are considered. The review goes on to examine work on the impact of personality factors, cognitive factors, and social factors on the likelihood of accident involvement at work. We suggest that research into individual differences in accident liability should consider two possible routes to accident involvement via errors and/or violations. Although errors are predominantly associated with cognitive factors, violations have their origins in social psychological factors. We also consider the role of stress in mediating the personality-accident association. It is contended that individuals differ in their reactions to stress, so that although some respond by an increase in risk-taking behavior, the effect on others is to increase the likelihood of suboptimal performance in terms of information processing. Actual or potential applications of this research include the development of a more sophisticated model of individual differences in accident liability, which should be useful to organizations attempting to promote safety.

This article looks at the assumptions, agendas, and relations of power that shaped Bill C‐45, revisions to the Criminal Code of Canada aimed at strengthening corporate criminal liability. The Bill, passed in fall 2003, originated in response to the deaths of twenty‐six workers at the Westray mine in 1993, a disaster caused by unsafe and illegal working conditions. Through an examination of Parliamentary Committee hearings, this article explores how conceptions of corporate criminal liability were shaped and modified, and links this to the implications and potential of Bill C‐45 to hold corporations to account. The authors argue that conservative conceptualizations of corporate liability limited the reform options that were considered by the Committee, and that the resulting legislation will do little to challenge the structural conditions that underlie culpable workplace injury and death.

"Released by Captain N. W. Allebach, MC USN, Officer in Charge." ; "Approved by Ashton Graybiel, M. D., Assistant for Scientific Programs." ; "MF12.524.005-5016BX1J." ; "Bureau of Medicine and Surgery." ; "29 October 1971." ; "Army-Navy joint report : U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory." ; USAARL serial no. 72-6. ; Includes bibliographical references (page 34). ; Mode of access: Internet.

"Released by Captain N. W. Allebach, MC, USN, Officer in Charge." ; "Approved by Ashton Graybiel, M. D., Assistant for Scientific Programs." ; "MF12.524.005-5016B." ; "Bureau of Medicine and Surgery." ; "20 October 1970." ; "Army-Navy joint report : U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory." ; AD 730 478. ; USAARL Serial 71-2. ; Includes bibliographical references (page 38). ; Mode of access: Internet.

The prospect of commercial passenger spaceflight presents an unique opportunity to the space community, comprised not only of the scientists, engineers, enthusiasts and entrepreneurs, but also diplomats, governments, policy makers and legislators, to formulate an internationally acceptable set of requirements, standards and procedures that would give international consistency to operators of commercial passenger spaceflight, both for space tourism and for terrestrial transportation. It is important that the international community avail itself of this opportunity before various countries decide to become "flags of convenience" or to impose more stringent standards than overseas operators can comply with so as to protect a budding industry of their own. This article will explore, from parallels in maritime law and civil aviation law, and drawing from existing domestic examples of regulation, what lessons may be learnt from such existing bodies of law and regulation that may provide some guidance for the future formulation of regulations for on range safety, flight safety or accident investigation relating to commercial passenger spaceflight.