Suchergebnisse

Integration policies are intended to have the dual aim of providing immigrants with the means to function in the society where they live and develop their potential, while preserving their cultural and ethnic identity, and familiarising the non-immigrant population with the rights of immigrants, their culture, traditions and needs. Integration also appears in documents specifically directed at the protection of traditional national minorities. This paper looks to identify the main cultural traits that define minorities in the institutional language and that are relevant for these integration policies. Language and religion emerge as a widely recognised identity factors in this respect. Other possible cultural identity factors gather around the idea of ethnicity, being more difficult to determine.

Nowadays, many human rights violations related to religion, race or culture exist. In 2018, The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) estimated around two million Uyghur were arrested by the Chinese government without due process of law and forced to accept the political doctrine of the Chinese Communist Party. These actions include physical torture and restrictions on religious freedom. Article 2 of 1948 UDHR stipulates the prohibition of discrimination against race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinions, national or social origin, property, birth, or another status. The paper aims to analyse human rights violations against the Uyghur and legal efforts to protect freedom of human rights for Uyghur in China. Human Rights have been fully regulated by the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). By using statutory and case approach, the result shows that the actions taken by the Chinese government have violated legal provisions including the Declaration and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). The government of China is also failing to uphold its responsibility to protect.

This study investigates the visual representation of ethnic minority groups in Chinese elementary social studies textbooks. The author conducts a content analysis to examine the extent to which ethnic minority groups are visually represented and to explore the ways in which they are portrayed in some of the most popular social studies textbooks in China. A total of 6075 visuals drawn from 36 books were electronically coded and analyzed using SPSS. The findings reveal the dearth of ethnic minority-related visuals and show that ethnic minority individuals are visually represented in significantly different ways in many important aspects than non-minority people in these textbooks. The author concludes that the visual representations of ethnic minority groups in these textbooks contributes to a binary understanding of minority and majority by limiting the images of ethnic minority groups to selected cultural markers.

While Vietnam has now reached lower middle-income country status, the gaps between the ethnic minority population and the majority group are evident and widening over time. In addition, ethnic minority groups are different in terms of where they are in these gaps. This study attempts to examine why and how certain ethnic groups have managed to rise to the 'top' as 'best performers' while the other groups seem to stand on the 'bottom' as 'least performers. The key study questions are: (1) What are drivers of the socio-economic development of the different ethnic groups? (2) Why have some ethnic minority groups successfully managed to escape poverty while others have lagged far behind? (3) How have such factors have been addressed in the respective policies and designated programs or projects initiated by the Government of Vietnam, development partners, and other stakeholders? (3) What are the changes needed for future design and implementation of initiatives to support sustainable socio-economic development among ethnic minorities? This study adopts a mixed methodological approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative methods. In order to identify the top- and bottom-performing ethnic minorities, the 2015 Ethnic Minorities Socio-Economic Survey of 53 groups (53EMS) dataset was used to calculate the Human Development Index (HDI) and Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) as two indicators of socio-economic development of the ethnic minorities.

For the authorities in medieval Europe, dissent struck at the roots of an ordered, settled world. It was to be crushed - initially by reason and argument, eventually by torture. Jeffrey Richards examines the wretched lives of heretics, witches, Jews, lepers and homosexuals and uncovers a common motive for their persecution: sexual aberrance

Cet article examine de façon critique les arguments pour et contre l'application du concept de groupe minoritaire à deux sous‐groupes qui traditionnellement n'ont pas été inclus sous ce concept: les femmes et les gens âgés. Les débatants ont eu tendance à utiliseressentiellement la même definition de groupe minoritaire, y incluant à la fois des éléments de structure sociale et des éléments socio‐psychologiques. Mais ils ne sont pas d'accord sur l'importance relative de ces éléments et sur les évaluations et interprétations de l'évidence empirique pertinente. Les débats montrent que le concept de groupe minoritaire, malgré son attrait idéologique, est encore ambigu, mal operationalisé et ne rend pas sensible aux changements temporels dans la position du groupe. Les efforts récents de redéfinition et d'élargissement de ce à quoi il se supporte n'ont pas réussi à résoudre les problèmes conceptuels et méthodologiques sous‐jacents. Des suggestions sont faites dans ce sens.This paper critically examines contrasting arguments over the extension of the minority group concept to two subgroups outside the traditional minority perspective: women and the aged. The participants in these debates have tended to utilize an essentially similar definition of minority group which encompasses both social structural and social psychological elements. But they have disagreed on the relative importance of these elements and on the evaluations and interpretations of relevant empirical evidence. The debates reveal that the minority group concept, though ideologically attractive, is still ambiguously defined, poorly operationalized. and insensitive to changes in a group's position over time. Recent attempts at redefining it and broadening its referents have not succeeded in clarifying the conceptual and methodological issues underlying the current debates. Suggestions are made toward this clarification.