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Introduction: the House and Senate floors -- The floor and the legislative process: theoretical underpinnings -- Developing procedural character: a quantitative analytical history of House and Senate floor power and rights -- The restrictive House and natural Senate: the story of two floors -- The quality of floor proceedings I: concepts, measures, and data -- The quality of floor proceedings II: analysis -- Conclusion: a future for the floor.

Cover; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Chapter One: Reflections; Chapter Two: Refraction: The Crown; Chapter Three: Redefinition: The Senate of Canada; Chapter Four: Readjustment: The House of Commons; Chapter Five: Reconsideration; Chapter Six: Recapitulation; Notes; Bibliography; Index.

A brief history of the House of Lords -- Bicameralism in theory and comparative perspective -- A brief introduction to the contemporary House of Lords -- Political actors in the Lords -- The Lords as a barrier to government : legislative defeats -- Negotiated outcomes and the wider legislative impact of the Lords -- Non-legislative policy work -- Is the House of Lords 'legitimate'? : attitudes towards the chamber -- The politics of Lords reform -- Conclusions : the House of Lords, British politics and legislative bicameralism.

"This is a sweeping narrative of American Domestic Public Policy-its triumphs, struggles, and failures over the past one hundred and twenty years. In a larger sense, it is a reflection on how the United States has grown and matured, faced challenges and opportunities, and how its federal leaders and policymakers have responded or failed to address pressing problems. Moreover, American public policy addresses the hurdles and challenges that still lie ahead. Four critical questions are posed and answered. First, what were the most significant adversities endured by the American People? Second, what were the landmark domestic policies crafted by the president, enacted by Congress, or issued in Supreme Court decisions? Third, what did the federal policy makers fail to do? Finally, how well have federal policymakers met the challenges facing America: income, inequality, racism, financial crises, terrorist attacks, climate change, gun violence, and other pressures? And what do we still need to do?"--

1. Economists in Parliament in the liberal age : a comparative perspective / Massimo M. Augello and Marco E.L. Guidi -- 2. Political economy in Portuguese Parliamentary debates (1820-1910) / António Almodovar and José Luis Cardoso -- 3. Economists in the Belgian Parliament (1831-1918) / Guido Erreygers and Bert Mosselmans -- 4. Chair, tribune and seat : Spanish economists in Parliament (1844-1923). An exploration / Salvador Almenar -- 5. Economists in Parliament in Britain (1848-1914) / Roger E. Backhouse -- 6. French economists in Parliament from the Second Republic to the outbreak of the Great Crisis (1848-1929) / Yves Breton -- 7. German economists in Parliament (1848-1918) / Harald Hagemann and Matthias Rösch -- 8. Economists and political economy in the Italian Parliament from the Unification to the rise of the Fascism (1861-1922) / Massimo M. Augello and Marco E.L. Guidi -- 9. Economists in the Greek Parliament (1862-1910) : the men and their views on fiscal and monetary policy / Michalis Psalidopoulos and Adamantios Syrmaloglou -- 10. Economists in the Japanese diet (1890-1930) : the debate on adoption of the Gold Standard / Jiro Kumagai -- 11. The American anomaly : why were there no economists in the US Congress? / Bradley W. Bateman.

The importance of information in referendums -- The dynamics of a referendum campaign -- The context of the campaign -- The political parties' campaigns -- The yes and no camps -- The campaign in the news : polls, personalities and the multi-faceted issue -- The campaign in the news -- Elite framing of the issue -- Campaign effects on the public -- Public understanding of the referendum issue -- Polls, strategy news and political cynicism -- Priming public evaluations of political leaders -- Campaign effects on the vote -- The consequences of referendums -- Conclusions

Cover title. ; "Reprinted from The American Political Science Review, May, 1913 Baltimore, Md., U.S.A." ; Electronic reproduction. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; 44

"The legislative process in India's parliamentary system, like elsewhere, is a shared exercise: the executive and the legislature partake in it. Ordinarily, proposals for legislation originate in the cabinet. If the cabinet decides that a law is necessary, a bill is drafted, on occasions, with external inputs. After it is introduced in the two houses, the bill goes through several 'readings', committee hearings and amendments. The final draft is debated and voted on. If a bill secures the requisite majority in both houses, it is sent to the president for assent, upon which the bill becomes an Act. Parliament, in this formal view, is central to the legislative process, and legislation are products of among other things a rational-legal scrutiny and vote. In practice, parliament is less than central; the legislative process rarely confirms to the constitutional ideal type. Take, for example, political parties and their influence on the legislative process. The party to which a government belongs can have a disproportionate say in policy and legislative matters. Indeed, depending on the personalities involved, legislative proposals may even originate and take shape in party headquarters. Or consider a coalition government. A cabinet's decision to introduce a bill may be evidence of compulsion, not necessity. It may be a price for keeping the coalition together or a political maneuvering to secure new allies. Also, consider the influence of non-representative actors and their ability to direct legislative proposals"--

Ethics Reform Task Force109th Congress Changes; 110th Congress Changes; 113th Congress Changes; Office of Congressional Ethics; APPENDIX. MEMBERSHIP ON THE COMMITTEE ON ETHICS, 1967-2013; End Notes; Chapter 2: HOUSE OFFICE OF CONGRESSIONAL ETHICS: HISTORY, AUTHORITY, AND PROCEDURES; SUMMARY; INTRODUCTION; PREVIOUS LEGISLATIVE ATTEMPTS FOR OUTSIDE OR INDEPENDENT ENFORCEMENT OF CONGRESSIONAL RULES OF CONDUCT; Congress-Wide Proposals; House Proposals; SPECIAL TASK FORCE ON ETHICS ENFORCEMENT; Hearing; Final Report; H. Res. 895; OFFICE OF CONGRESSIONAL ETHICS; Structure; Powers.

Vital Statistics on Congress remains the quintessential source of authoritative information on America's legislature. This important series tracks the elements that define and describe Congress in the post-World War II era, and in this new edition, three of America's most esteemed political analysts extend their examination through the 109th Congress. They combine historical context with insightful analysis and copious data to produce a valuable and authoritative picture of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives. Norman Ornstein, Thomas Mann, and Michael Malbin track the changing makeup o

The study of "divided government" has focused on the split partisan control of executive & legislative branches. The concept of divided government can also be applied to the study of state executive branches. There is no plausible reason for state electorates to prefer one party for governor & the opposing party for other state executive branch officials, yet many states have a governor of one party, while several of the state executive branch officers are of the opposing party. This study examines the extent of divided executive branches in state politics. Incumbency, state partisanship, & the changing nature of Southern politics affect levels of divisiveness in state executive branches. Electoral features do not affect levels of divisiveness. The data comprise states that had separately elected state executive officers between 1968 & 1993. 2 Tables, 1 Figure, 27 References. Adapted from the source document.