Suchergebnisse

Kristina Šimulevič (Master's paper supervisor Marija Rubaževičienė). PALLIATIVE CARE AND EUTHANASIE: RESEARCH FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES. Master's paper. V.: Vilnius University, Department of Social Work, 2009. 87 p. The biggest attention of doctors, nurses, social workers and other specialists to incurable and dying people is paying in order to eliminate the pain and other symptoms. The purpose has not been always achieved because it is difficult to guarantee the quality of help. This care is regulated by law but practically there are a lot of questions and unsolved problems. For this reason the number of people who support the idea of using euthanasia is increasing. The objective of this final work is theoretical analyses and scientific research in different attitudes to palliative care and euthanasia. There was used the experts qualitative research method in this work. There were five participants who have already had experience in palliative care in this research. The participants have taken part in legislative power and they have been very familiar with the incurable and dying people. There were the specialist from Health care ministry, the doctor of the palliative therapy, the priest, the social worker and the woman who had nursed her fourth stage of cancer husband. The results of research have showed the fact that using and developing palliative care improve the quality of person's life and it is possible to meet the death with the dignity and without any pain. The most important problem in developing the palliative care is the lack of financial support. In addition to this there should be more active volunteers and general teaching and preparing the specialists who would be able to work with dying people. The research shows the basic reason for choosing euthanasia is physical symptoms and that is why it is important to guarantee the elimination of symptoms and pain. People could choose euthanasia because of the bad quality of care. The research also shows the fact in Lithuania there is not strong and well organized net for helping families. The help for families should be various: financial, psychological and medical. The research shows in the moment of death person is afraid of staying alone and abandoned. Final results show the fact when person meets face to face the illness he or she has started to love life and appreciate everything what they have even though the quality of life is not so high.

Kristina Šimulevič (Master's paper supervisor Marija Rubaževičienė). PALLIATIVE CARE AND EUTHANASIE: RESEARCH FROM DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES. Master's paper. V.: Vilnius University, Department of Social Work, 2009. 87 p. The biggest attention of doctors, nurses, social workers and other specialists to incurable and dying people is paying in order to eliminate the pain and other symptoms. The purpose has not been always achieved because it is difficult to guarantee the quality of help. This care is regulated by law but practically there are a lot of questions and unsolved problems. For this reason the number of people who support the idea of using euthanasia is increasing. The objective of this final work is theoretical analyses and scientific research in different attitudes to palliative care and euthanasia. There was used the experts qualitative research method in this work. There were five participants who have already had experience in palliative care in this research. The participants have taken part in legislative power and they have been very familiar with the incurable and dying people. There were the specialist from Health care ministry, the doctor of the palliative therapy, the priest, the social worker and the woman who had nursed her fourth stage of cancer husband. The results of research have showed the fact that using and developing palliative care improve the quality of person's life and it is possible to meet the death with the dignity and without any pain. The most important problem in developing the palliative care is the lack of financial support. In addition to this there should be more active volunteers and general teaching and preparing the specialists who would be able to work with dying people. The research shows the basic reason for choosing euthanasia is physical symptoms and that is why it is important to guarantee the elimination of symptoms and pain. People could choose euthanasia because of the bad quality of care. The research also shows the fact in Lithuania there is not strong and well organized net for helping families. The help for families should be various: financial, psychological and medical. The research shows in the moment of death person is afraid of staying alone and abandoned. Final results show the fact when person meets face to face the illness he or she has started to love life and appreciate everything what they have even though the quality of life is not so high.

Palliative and end of life care researchers are being issued 'wake up' calls that they need to start adopting an equity framework and pay more attention to how the social determinants of health impact people at the end of their lives. Acknowledging systemic health inequities has become even more important during the COVID-19 pandemic. I argue that within this new equity-driven agenda, learning needs to be incorporated from decades of work within critical poverty studies which critiques the very concept of poverty. I highlight the most relevant of these critiques and advocate for the transfer and translation of these arguments into palliative and end of life care research by scholars working in the field. Just as poverty studies was critiqued in the 1990s for theoretical weakness and an uncritical empiricism, so palliative care and end of life research needs to go beyond its almost exclusive concentration on measurement to show a deeper awareness of, and even a commitment to changing, the structural context within which people are dying. I argue that just as critical poverty scholars and primary care researchers have argued for a fairer political-economic system, so palliative and end of life researchers need to not only 'wake up' but also 'stand up' and become more political.

Abstract Cold regions are a special combat environment in which low temperatures have a great impact on human metabolism and other vital functions, including the nervous, motion, cardiovascular, circulatory, respiratory, and urinary systems; consequently, low temperatures often aggravate existing trauma, leading to high mortality rates if rapid and appropriate treatment is not provided. Hypothermia is an independent risk factor of fatality following combat trauma; therefore, proactive preventative measures are needed to reduce the rate of mortality. After summarizing the basic research on battlefield environments and progress in the prevention and treatment of trauma, this article concludes that current treatment and prevention measures for combat trauma in cold regions are inadequate. Future molecular biology studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms and relevant cell factors underlying bodily injury caused by cold environment, a research goal will also allow further exploration of corresponding treatments.

AbstractPalliative and end of life care researchers are being issued 'wake up' calls that they need to start adopting an equity framework and pay more attention to how the social determinants of health impact people at the end of their lives. Acknowledging systemic health inequities has become even more important during the COVID‐19 pandemic. I argue that within this new equity‐driven agenda, learning needs to be incorporated from decades of work within critical poverty studies which critiques the very concept of poverty. I highlight the most relevant of these critiques and advocate for the transfer and translation of these arguments into palliative and end of life care research by scholars working in the field. Just as poverty studies was critiqued in the 1990s for theoretical weakness and an uncritical empiricism, so palliative care and end of life research needs to go beyond its almost exclusive concentration onmeasurementto show a deeper awareness of, and even a commitment to changing, the structural context within which people are dying. I argue that just as critical poverty scholars and primary care researchers have argued for a fairer political‐economic system, so palliative and end of life researchers need to not only 'wake up' but also 'stand up' and become more political.

The Assessing Doctors' Attitudes on Palliative Treatment study was conducted in 11 Eurasian countries to assess physician knowledge of and structural barriers to integration of palliative care into pediatric oncology. After publication, regional collaborators identified the need to disseminate country-specific study results locally and provide policy recommendations to inform stakeholders. METHODS: The Assessing Doctors' Attitudes on Palliative Treatment report was developed with Eurasian and St Jude pediatric palliative care and oncology experts to summarize study findings and deliver country-level data to local stakeholders. In parallel, an assessment was developed to explore how regional collaborators intend to use the report to improve local advocacy and dissemination of research findings. The country report and assessment were translated to English, Russian, and Mongolian. RESULTS: Country-specific two-page reports display study findings on pediatric palliative care education, access to pediatric palliative care services, and barriers to and timing of integration with cancer care, alongside clinical and policy recommendations. These reports were distributed to collaborators in 11 countries. Assessment results (N = 30) demonstrated that regional collaborators planned to distribute the report to institutional and government stakeholders, aiming to increase access to pediatric palliative care services (77%), establish a community-based palliative care network (70%), and increase opportunities for specialization (70%). CONCLUSION: We describe the development of an evidence-based advocacy tool to inform local health and education policy in Eurasia. This summary report of study findings, translated to local languages and adapted to a broader audience, is currently used to advocate for greater access and quality of palliative care for children with cancer. This work may serve as the basis for future dissemination efforts of scientific research.