Suchergebnisse

In Mauretanien sind wegen der natürlichen Bedingungen nicht nur die Produktionsmöglichkeiten beschränkt, sondern auch die Vermarktung durch die Größe des Landes, die geringe Bevölkerungszahl und die fehlende Infrastruktur behindert. Zur Versorgung der Bevölkerung sind neben Importen auch Nahrungsmittelhilfen nötig. Trotz einer Reform der Getreidepolitik bestehen aber viele Probleme weiter. Neben einer genaueren Bestimmung derjenigen, die "bedürftig" sind, und einer institutionellen Reform wird für eine stärkere Beteiligung des Privatsektors an der Nahrungsmittelverteilung plädiert. (DÜI-Wgm)

The world is currently facing the aftermath of the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. Going for Growth 2010 examines the structural policy measures that have been taken in response to the crisis, evaluates their possible impact on long-term economic growth, and identifies the most imperative reforms needed to strengthen recovery. In addition, it provides a global assessment of policy reforms implemented in OECD member countries over the past five years to boost employment and labour productivity. Reform areas include education systems, product market regulation, agricultural po

- Editorial: A policy agenda for growth to benefit all - ISO codes - Executive summary - Overview of structural reform progress and identifying priorities in 2017 - Integrating inclusiveness in the Going for Growth framework - Introduction - Argentina - Australia - Austria - Belgium - Brazil - Canada - Chile - China - Colombia - Costa Rica - Czech Republic - Denmark - Estonia - European Union - Finland - France - Germany - Greece - Hungary - Iceland - India - Indonesia - Ireland - Israel - Italy - Japan - Korea - Latvia - Lithuania - Luxembourg - Mexico - Netherlands - New Zealand - Norway - Poland - Portugal - Russian Federation - Slovak Republic - Slovenia - South Africa - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - Turkey - United Kingdom - United States - Structural policy indicators.

The global recovery from the deepest recession since the Great Depression is under way, but it remains overly dependent on macroeconomic policy stimulus and has not yet managed to significantly reduce high and persistent unemployment in many countries. Going for Growth 2011 highlights the structural reforms needed to restore long-term growth in the wake of the crisis. For each OECD country and, for the first time, six key emerging economies (Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Russia and South Africa), five reform priorities are identified that would be most effective in delivering sustained growth over the next decade. The analysis shows that many of these reforms could also assist much-needed fiscal consolidation and contribute to reducing global current account imbalances. The internationally comparable indicators provided here enable countries to assess their economic performance and structural policies in a wide range of areas. In addition, this issue contains three analytical chapters covering hsing policies, te efficiency of health care systems and the links between structural policies and current account imbalances.

This volume collects the papers from a conference in honor of J. Michael Finger on the occasion of his retirement from the World Bank. The papers cover a number of important issues in the analysis of policy reform and the political economy of policy reform. In particular, papers focus on the political economy of trade liberalization, the role of international agencies in policy reform, policy learning, and the application of economic analysis in policy reform

This paper is a strategic evaluation of telecommunications policy reform over a ten-year period 1993-2002. The focus of the paper is the three countries of East Africa - Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. The evaluation is framed against policy objectives set out by the three governments and their outcomes as measured against relevance to stakeholders, performance by implementers based on the space created by the reforms, and success in terms of sustainability and impact. The paper finds that the short term gains of fast expansion of the communications system cannot be sustained in the long term. The policy design based on foreign capital and skills at the expense of local entrepreneurial capacity building exposes the region to vulnerabilities of the international market. The policy design did not provide tools to intervene in the market in the consumer interest. A further finding is that competition has resulted in a significant consolidation of market power with a consequent shift of monopoly power from government to the private sector. Finally, in practice the private sector operations have increased the disparity in the distribution of the infrastructure between urban and rural consumers. A new policy design should focus on long-term local entrepreneurial capacity building, effective policy tools to sustain competition and universal service programmes to address rural disparity.

Chapter 1. Social Policy Reform and Local Agency in China -- Chapter 2. Authoritarian State, Growth Strategies, and Subnational Welfare Politics -- Chapter 3. The Pro-Growth National Reforms: State-led Commodification before 2000s -- Chapter 4. The Return of the State? The New Reforms and Changing Local Agency -- Chapter 5. Local Agency in Healthcare: Limits of Fragmented Universalism -- Chapter 6. Local Agency in Affordable Housing: Asset-Based Welfare or Public Rental?- Chapter 7. Local Agency in Old-Age Care: Articulating State, Society and Family -- Chapter 8. State Responsibility or Societal Participation? The Future of Authoritarian Social Policies.

Predictable and unpredictable challenges continually confront the policy settings and policy frameworks of governments. They provide a constantly changing dynamic within which policy-making operates. Governments at all levels are asking their public services to identify innovative and workable reforms to anticipate and address these challenges. Public service leaders around the world are struggling not only to better anticipate emerging demands but also to address reform backlogs. However, time and time again, major policy reforms can prove tough to implement – especially in turbulent environments – and even tougher to anchor over time. This leads to considerable uncertainty and inefficiency as governments and policy communities try to keep pace with change. Policies that unravel or are dismantled are costly and represent wasted opportunities. They lead to cynicism about the effectiveness of governments and public service advice more generally, making it more difficult to deal with other emerging challenges. This volume of proactive essays on delivering policy reform offers an intriguing blend of strategic policy advice and management insight. It brings together a diverse range of highquality contributors from overseas as well as from Australia and New Zealand – including national political leaders, public service executives, heads of independent agencies, and leading international scholars.