Suchergebnisse

Auf der Basis von Ergebnissen der vom Zentrum für die Erforschung der Öffentlichen Meinung (CBOS) durchgeführten Meinungsumfragen wird die Haltung der polnischen Bevölkerung zu politischen Persönlichkeiten, Institutionen und Parteien dargestellt, analysiert und mit früheren Umfrageergebnisse verglichen. Die Befragungen haben ergeben, daß sich die politische Zusammensetzung des polnischen Parlaments, des Sejm, ändern würde, falls in diesem Jahr Parlamentswahlen stattfänden. (BIOst-Mrk)

Assesses the state of the scholarship on gender & politics, focusing on US elite & mass political behavior & public opinion, arguing that the field stands at a turning point given the conceptualizations, methodological tools, cumulative knowledge, & sets of questions to address, along with the theory & method of other fields. Key issues of conceptual development & method are considered: studying categories in an individualistic discipline, linking life spaces, & building truly comparative analyses. Central to this is a discussion on the definition of gender. Following a look at institutional analysis & the gaps such inquiry leaves, attention turns to the questions, approaches, & evidence in the literature on social movements, public opinion, participation, candidates, & policymakers. Expectations for gender scholars in political science are delineated. J. Zendejas

The approach developed by M. B. Smith, J. S. Bruner & R. W. White in Opinions and Personality (New York: Wiley, 1956) is expounded & discussed with esp reference to the concerns of pol'al sci. In the context of personality, opinions have multiple functions, categorized as object appraisal, soc adjustment & externalization. The conditions of opinion change are supposed to vary with the function served. Opinions are also expressive of a person's cognitive & temperamental traits. Previous attempts to conceptualize the determinants of opinions are reviewed from the author's perspective. The respective contributions of psychol'ly & of sociol'ly oriented approaches to opinion are discussed. It is tentatively suggested that persons' policy stands on issues as publicly formulated are most profitably to be seen in relation to factors of group membership & identification, while the conditions of attitude change may best be understood from a psychol'ly-focused approach such as that outlined. Comment by A. L. George: The type of comprehensive conceptual scheme presented by M. B. Smith is regarded as the most useful framework currently available for studying the relationship between opinions & personality, & comments on the impact & relevance of this conceptual scheme for pol'al behavior studies. AA-IPSA.

Our first contribution comes from Mr. Paddock, a graduate of Auckland University and at present a student of Comparative Political Institutions at Victoria College, who here discusses the interesting question of political loyalties.

Cet article propose d'adapter un modèle simple de propagation de maladie à la persuasion politique. Plus précisément, nous étudions comment une politique présentée par un leader se diffuse dans un comité divisé en deux groupes : les adhérents et les opposants. A chaque date, les agents des deux groupes se rencontrent et s'influencent mutuellement en fonction de la force de persuasion du leader. Si la force de persuasion du leader domine (est dominée), alors certains opposants (adhérents) deviennent des adhérents (opposants). De plus, les agents peuvent également changer d'opinion simplement en raison de la force d'attraction symbolique de chaque groupe ou du leader. A long terme, il apparaît qu'une force d'attraction élevée puisse compenser une force de persuasion faible pour s'assurer que plus de la moitié des membres souscrivent à la politique présentée par le leader. Une telle situation est stable. Inversement, une force de persuasion élevée, lorsque la force d'attraction du groupe du leader est relativement faible, peut générer l'apparition d'un cycle de deux périodes, via l'occurrence d'une bifurcation flip, telle que le leader perd la majorité d'une période à l'autre. JEL. C61, D72

AbstractThis paper reports and discusses the results of a survey of English and Welsh schoolchildren aged 11–18, conducted in March–May 2003, covering their attitudes to and knowledge of politics, politicians and political issues. It concentrates in particular on the way these attitudes develop as pupils get older, and also discusses the sources of information on which young people depend, and which may be the key to developing this neglected political 'market'. It finds that pupils are unenthused by politics, but not 'apathetic'. Both knowledge and interest increase as pupils grow older; however, negative or cynical attitudes to politicians and to political parties seem to grow at the same time. Yet young people also hold positive attitudes to the electoral process in general, though many do not accept that they will have a 'duty to vote' when old enough. The media, though distrusted, is the principal source of information, though it is clear that the family is highly influential; schools seem less influential. Copyright © 2004 Henry Stewart Publications