Suchergebnisse

El decimoquinto congreso de la Organizacion Democrata Cristiana de America (ODCA) se celebro en San Jose de Costa Rica del 2 al 4 de abril de 1998. En dicha oportunidad se eligio a los directivos de la organizacion para el periodo 1998-2001. Los dirigentes Gutemberg Martinez, de Chile, y Jose Rodriguez Iturbe, de Venezuela, fueron electos por unanimidad como nuevo Presidente y Secretario General, respectivamente, de la ODCA. Con la finalidad de dar a conocer los propositos de dicha organizacion, en la vision de sus maximas autoridades, se reproducen los textos de los discursos pronunciados por ambos dirigentes al tomar posesion de sus cargos. (Panorama Centroam:Pensam Accion/DÜI)

17 p. A typed report presented by Robert D. Clark to the Assembly Education Subcommittee on Educational Environment of the Califorina State Legislature during Clark's tenure as president of San Jose State College. The report outlines specific incidents of student and faculty unrest in response to the Vietnam War, as well as larger societal causes and solutions for campus unrest.

Marc Joffe


A six‐​mile extension to the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system would have a minimal impact on personal vehicle emissions according to data in a federal travel forecast. Further, because the federal analysis is based on pre‐​pandemic socioeconomic forecasts and travel patterns, it greatly overestimates future ridership on the subway extension, which has a $9.3 billion estimated cost.
A Federal Transit Administration (FTA) profile of the project shows that the BART extension would provide 32,900 passenger trips per weekday, or just over 9.5 million trips per year in 2040. The annual estimate is about 290 times the daily figure reflecting the fact that weekend ridership is a fraction of weekday utilization (in an average year there are 251 weekdays and 104 weekend days).
But most of the new BART passengers would be switching from buses and light rail vehicles already serving the area. The detailed travel forecast report, obtained from the FTA via a Freedom of Information Act request, shows that only 10,700 (about a third of) the BART riders will be new to transit. The report does not show how many of these new riders would walk or bike in the absence of the new BART service, but it is reasonable to assume that the vast majority would otherwise drive.
Generously assuming that all the new riders switch from cars, the projected annual reduction in passenger vehicle trips would be about 3.1 million. This compares to a total of 860 million automobile trips in San Jose reported by Google's Environmental Insights Explorer yielding a projected reduction of just 0.4%.
So, the $9.3 billion subway project would put only a small dent in San Jose's greenhouse gas emissions once it is fully built out. Further reducing the net climate benefits of this project is the fact that it will add greenhouse gas emissions during the construction phase given its need for steel and concrete. Further, many if not most of the automobile trips it will replace will be from electric vehicles. In Santa Clara County, which encompasses San Jose, Zero Emission Vehicles accounted for 37.5% of all new vehicle sales during the first quarter of 2023. California plans to prohibit gasoline‐​powered vehicle sales in 2035, the year after the San Jose subway extension is supposed to be completed.
So, an analysis of official data shows that the BART extension is an inefficient climate solution. But it gets worse when one considers the assumptions underlying some of the numbers. The federal travel results forecast mentioned above was based on transit utilization patterns from 2019, before COVID-19 deeply cut into transit ridership. Recently, BART ridership has been running at just 40% of 2019 levels. Second, the projection assumes "population and employment in the model area are expected to grow by about 29% and 26% respectively between 2019 and 2040". This seems unlikely since San Jose's population has been falling in recent years. The most recent US Census estimates show that the city's population declined from 1,013,221 is 2020 to 971,223 in 2022.
As I discussed in a previous post, public transit is usually not a great climate solution. The projections for the San Jose BART extension are consistent with this conclusion. The Biden Administration's FY 2024 budget includes $500 million for this project. Congress should take a hard look at the numbers before approving this expenditure.

This descriptive study was conducted to determine the coping strategies of farm laborers in San Jose, Occidental Mindoro towards farm mechanization. It was conducted at Barangay Central, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro, one of the top rice producing barangays in the province. The 123 of the 215 farm laborers listed in the different Kabesilya or farmers labor group were selected using simple random sampling. The farm laborers were engaged in planting and harvesting of rice for at least three years in Central, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro. The researcher used an interview schedule in gathering data. The study used descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency, and percentage. Pearson's Product Moment Correlation was also used. Result shows that the farm laborers were in their middle aged, literate and with medium household size. The farm laborers generally "agree" that farm mechanization had affected their employment, food security level, education of children, monthly income, and agricultural production operations. The farm laborers "moderately practiced" the different coping strategies to meet the undesired effect of farm mechanization. Further, the "highly practiced" coping strategies were minimizing food expenses and seasonal migration of some household members to find odd jobs. Moreover, years spent in formal education and household size has a significant relationship on the extent of which farm laborers experience the effect of farm mechanization. Years spent in formal education have significant relationship on the coping strategies employed by farm laborers on advent of farm mechanization in the area.

En el ejercicio educativo las instituciones están en la necesidad de realizar seguimiento y control a los procesos formativos que se desarrollan desde las diferentes asignaturas que componen el currículo. En el caso particular del inglés como lengua extranjera, se han identificado situaciones que alertan sobre los procesos de aprendizaje, los cuales señalan factores intrínsecos que se enmarcan es asumir habilidades comunicativas en los jóvenes que curan la asignatura en mención. Ante ello, esta investigación dio paso a asumir como propósito central determinar la incidencia de las prácticas vernáculas letradas y su incidencia en las prácticas pedagógicas complejas del docente de idiomas extranjeros en las instituciones educativas del sector público de norte de Santander Colombia. En consecuencia, los hechos que orientan los procesos de investigación que hacen énfasis en reconocer la importancia de la enseñanza del inglés, en torno a los beneficios que se generan por acceder a esta segunda lengua. Ante ello, se debe considerar que los docentes promuevan una educación amplia en la que se asuma la formación de una segunda lengua contextualizada en la educación básica secundaria. Para ello, se plantea una investigación desde el enfoque cuantitativo a fin de hacer una revisión detallada y especifica de los elementos que configuran la realidad sobre como los docentes desarrollan sus prácticas pedagógicas.

The study was conducted to determine the profile of the household heads; the level of household coping strategies in natural risk and disaster, and the relationship between profile and the household coping strategies.It used correlational method of research. Sixty-three household heads in barangay Pag-asa, San Jose, Occidental Mindoro served as the respondents of the study. Mean, frequency, and Pearson Moment Correlation were used in the study. Results revealed that majority of the respondents were middle aged, with formal education, medium size household, long length of residency with an average monthly income below the poverty threshold of the province. It was also found out that coastal household "moderately adopted" the different coping mechanisms in natural disasters and that household size and number of years spent in formal education has significant relationship with the coping mechanisms.

The article presents the history and current disputes surrounding the Galleon San Jose. As an on-going case since 1980s, the dispute involves various actors on national, as well as international level. The article discusses this issue focusing on four relevant elements: international and national law, politics and diplomacy. Legal obligations under international law which may be applicable to San Jose galleon are presented, with comments regarding its applicability to Colombia. Subsequently, Colombian relevant national legislature and judicial decisions are discussed, to establish how the Galleon with its treasures may be classified under Colombian civil law. In the last part two elements are presented, namely: politics and diplomacy. This part presents in particular an attitude and actions regarding the case after announced discovery of the shipwreck of the Galleon in 2015.

The article presents the history and current disputes surrounding the Galleon San Jose. As an on-going case since 1980s, the dispute involves various actors on national, as well as international level. The article discusses this issue focusing on four relevant elements: international and national law, politics and diplomacy. Legal obligations under international law which may be applicable to San Jose galleon are presented, with comments regarding its applicability to Colombia. Subsequently, Colombian relevant national legislature and judicial decisions are discussed, to establish how the Galleon with its treasures may be classified under Colombian civil law. In the last part two elements are presented, namely: politics and diplomacy. This part presents in particular an attitude and actions regarding the case after announced discovery of the shipwreck of the Galleon in 2015.