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This review of recent studies examines the conceptual and methodological tools that are used to understand sexual behavior and HIV. Whereas surveys have provided reliable indicators of behavior, their validity is uncertain, their correlation with biological indicators tenuous, and the explanations they offer limited. Microlevel research has called into question the rationalizing, medically informed, and risk‐averse frameworks used in the public health literature on HIV and behavior, but its impact has been limited. Thus, surveys and qualitative research have proceeded along two separate tracks, and this separation has hampered our understanding of sexual behavior. A small but growing number of studies, however, provide examples of less‐compartmentalized research that avoids oversimplification. They show that expanding the models that drive research in this area is possible, and that efforts to combine disciplinary perspectives result in deeper understandings of knowledge, risk perceptions, attitudes, and behavioral change.

AbstractThis chapter provides a brief overview of the state‐of‐the‐science regarding empirically tested HIV prevention programs that focus on sexual behavior change. Interventions developed for use with individuals, small groups, schools, communities, and entire populations are reviewed.

Youth with substantial sexual behavior problems (n = 166) were compared with youth from the same sample with few sexual behavior problems (n = 413) and with no sexual behavior problems (n = 943). It was hypothesized that youth with significant sexual behavior problems would be characterized by higher rates of sexual and physical abuse and higher rates of internalizing problems relative to youth without sexual behavior problems and that all youth would evidence a positive treatment response to multisystemic therapy. Relative to youth with no sexual behavior problems, youth with significant sexual behavior problems were more likely to have been sexually or physically abused and had higher rates of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. These youth were also more likely to include girls, were younger, and had more social problems than youth with no sexual behavior problems. Youth in all groups responded with clinically relevant and statistically significant reductions in problem behaviors at posttreatment.

This article compares responses of three groups of incarcerated adolescents who admitted to sexual offending in an anonymous survey project on measures of trauma, sexual offending, the relationship between trauma and perpetration, and adjudication status. The first group admitted to sexual offending before the age of 12 only (n = 48), the second after the age of 12 only (n = 130), and the third before and after the age of 12 (n = 65). More than 46% of the sexually aggressive adoles cents began their deviant behaviors before the age of 12. Level and complexity of perpetration acts were more severe for the continuous offenders than for the other groups. Victimization and perpetration were significantly correlated for all three groups. This study supports a social learning hypothesis for the development of sexual offending by adolescents. Implications for research and clinical practice are drawn.

Abstract Adolescence is a period of substantial developmental changes in an individual's physical, cognitive, emotional, and social behavior. Peer pressure, family problems, lack of education, use of mass media, delinquencies, and changes in neurobiology all affect an adolescent's development and may predispose to consequences such as drug addiction, unprotected sexual activities, unplanned pregnancies STDs, HIV, and other mental health issues. This paper is mainly focused on highlighting the emerging risky sexual behavior and substance use among adolescents. The review also reveals the role of educational institutes, government programs & policies, community, and health care workers as they play a crucial role in reducing the risk of these problems by providing adequate knowledge and services to the adolescents from the beginning itself.

Objective: To analyze the sexual behavior of elderly assisted on primary health care. Method: Transversal study, exploratory and quantitative. Results: The sample was comprised of 130 elderly people, these 60,8% were male, showing age between 60 and 92 years, with an average of 69 ± 7,04 years. With respect to the sexual profile, 63,1% elderly had active sex life, being more frequent among men with stable or married. With regard to sexual desire, 30% reported having no more desire for sexual practices, represented mostly by women and 12,3% maintained total desire, with most men. Among the sexually active seniors, 17% use some preventive method for sexually transmitted diseases. Conclusion: Highlights that there is a gradual decrease in the frequency of interest and sexual practices with age, reinforces the necessity of educational action of nurses in primary health care for the elderly.