Suchergebnisse

Using several heretofore neglected but very significant sources of demo graphic information for late nineteenth-century Japan, the study investigates the statis tics for proportions marrying and age at first marriage in all the Japanese prefectures. It establishes the existence of two patterns of marriage-one of early marriage in eastern Japan and one of late marriage in western Japan. Several explanations for this division are considered

This study continues the discussion of demographic variables
of in¬terest to the policy-maker in Pakistan. In this part an attempt is
made to examine (i) the fertility experiences in relation to
infant-child mortality for mothers in the survey area; and (ii) the
differentials in the level of fertility and child mortality by income
level, by educational levels of mothers and of fathers and by some
relevant demographic variables.1 In pursuing the above two general
objectives it is endeavoured to look for the variations in fertility, as
indicated by children ever born to mothers. up to the time of the
interview; and mortality, as indicated by the ratio of child deaths to
the number of children ever born to a mother up to the time of
inter¬view, in relation to each other and also in relation to such
variables as age at marriage, family income, duration of marriage,
mothers education and fathers education. Two approaches, which are also
complimentary to each other, have been followed to study these
relationships.

This study attempts to throw light on some of the major
determinants of fertility and family size, based on the data on 700
ever-married females collec¬ted through a retrospective sample survey,
which was carried out in a suburb of Lahore city in 1973. The analysis
of the data in this study is presented in respect of such variables as
age at marriage of females, the number of pregnancies experienced by
mothers, parity progression ratios, age specific fertility and
cumulative fertility, infant mortality and child mortality. Each one of
these has an important impact on the formation of families and
consequently on the patterns of popula¬tion growth. A study of the
levels of each of these factors and the influence that they exercise on
each other is of importance because these variables consti¬tute
important links in the chain of demographic phenomena. Similarly, an
understanding of the extent to which these factors, individually or
jointly, are interrelated with some other social and economic variables,
has a considerable importance due to their ultimate impact on the growth
of population in the country. This study, though limited to a suburb of
Lahore city, has important policy implications because it attempts to
describe the patterns of fertility in the context of some important
demographic, social and economic determinants.

Before President Johnson's Executive Order 11241 in August 1965, married men received lower draft priority for military service. As the Vietnam War escalated in the summer of 1965, anecdotal evidence suggests draft-eligible men sought marriage to lower their likelihood of serving. This paper quantifies the effects of these Vietnam-era policies on marriage and finds that they significantly reduced the age at first marriage and altered the choice of spouse. However, younger marriages induced by the war were less likely to result in divorce 15 years later. Evidence also suggests that these younger marriages had little effect on long-term outcomes.

Although age at marriage is one of the strongest and most consistent predictors of marital dissolution, few studies have attempted to explain this established association. This analysis merges marital history data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth with 1980 census data describing the quantity of spousal alternatives available to husbands and wives in the local geographic area to test one such explanation. The main hypothesis, derived from the theory of marital search, suggests that persons who marry young will be more likely than those who marry later in life to dissolve their marriage when they encounter abundant alternatives to their current spouse. Discrete-time event history analyses offer no support for this hypothesis. Although the risk of marital dissolution is highest where either husbands or wives chance numerous spousal alternatives, the impact of age at marriage on divorce is significantly weaker in marriage markets containing abundant remarriage opportunities. Some of the effect of age at marriage on marital dissolution is attributable to the detrimental impact of early marriage on educational attainment. Future research directions for explaining the inverse association between age at marriage and the risk of marital dissolution are discussed.

Most explanations of fertility change in preindustrial England empha size changes in age at marriage. This paper shows that, even after correcting for possible exaggerations in estimated celibacy rates, it was celibacy and not age at marriage that accounted for most of fertility variation before 1750. New research and new models of marriage behavior are needed. It may be necessary to abandon homeostasis to arrive at an adequate explanation of English fertility history.

This paper aims to examine the process of mate selection in determining the age at marriage of 600 ever-married women drawn from rural (300) and urban (300) areas of Salem district, Tamil Nadu. Results based on the Multiple Classification Analysis show that both in rural and urban areas, time taken to initiate marriage process after menarche, caste background, age difference between bride and bridegroom and consultation of women for their marriage have played a greater role in determining their age at marriage in that order. Further, in urban areas, consanguinity has exhibited a highly significant effect on their age at marriage. While the role of payment of dowry has some effect on age at marriage of women both in rural and urban areas, the practice of horoscope matching has such an effect only in rural areas. Contrary to the expectation, first-born daughters enter into matrimony comparatively at higher ages than their later-bom counterparts only in rural areas. A weak support to residential propinquity theory of mate selection is also noticed.

This study focuses on the link between education and marriage timing among Israeli‐Palestinian women. Theoretical discussions on marriage timing center on the effect of the time women spend in educational institutions on their age at marriage, and on the change in the desirable traits of women in the marriage market. But most of these arguments overlook situations where significant changes in education take place alongside retention of traditional patriarchal values. Based on data from three population censuses – in 1983, 1995 and 2008—our results suggest that staying longer in schooling delays marriage, so women with less education are more likely to marry earlier than others. While young age is still considered an important characteristic in the Israeli‐Palestinian marriage market, and women who delay marriage face a greater risk of remaining single, education becomes more important over the years so that postponing marriage becomes especially problematic for low‐educated women. Our findings suggest that traditional norms and structural conditions together shape marriage timing.