Suchergebnisse

AbstractThe Philippine Islands 1493–1898 was a compilation of documents translated from the Spanish and edited by Emma H. Blair and James A. Robertson. The former was the brains behind the project. The editors received assistance from a reviewer, one James A. LeRoy, who introduced himself as an expert in Philippine matters. The personal correspondence amongst the three persons showed how The Philippine Islands 1493–1898 was constructed. Blair fully trusted LeRoy's knowledge and consulted him with doubts about translation. In turn, LeRoy advised Robertson to select documents for publication and warned him about unreliable Spanish, Filipino and English scholars. The correspondence helps to explain how The Philippine Islands 1493–1898 developed into a political tool in the service of the United States in order to explain the problems the Americans confronted in their new colony – a Spanish inheritance and the difficulties of training uneducated Filipinos for self-government.

Résumé En Colombie, les syndicalistes résistent à la répression exercée par plusieurs acteurs (et en particulier par les groupes paramilitaires), qui fait de ce pays l'endroit le plus dangereux au monde pour ces militants. Cet article adopte une approche du syndicalisme en tant que travail militant qui jette des lumières sur les tactiques collectives pour surmonter la peur liée au risque et qui nous permet de comprendre que les syndicalistes font plus que résister : en se battant contre la répression ils se constituent en véritables sujets politiques.

O artigo apresenta a história da masculinização radical e permanente de uma jovem de origem rural a partir de sua incorporação na Revolução Mexicana. A análise, de um lado, aborda o processo de transgeneração de Robles, cuja identidade social e subjetiva, e aspecto físico, se masculinizam mediante o hábil manejo dos recursos culturais disponíveis em uma longínqua região rural mexicana no início do século XX: a performance de gênero - postura, gesto e vestuário -, a fotografia de estúdio e a imprensa sensacionalista. De outro, foram estudadas distintas percepções sobre Amélio Robles, confrontando retóricas de gênero vigentes no México pós-revolucionário, permeadas por discursos homofóbicos e transfóbicos.

Presentación

To what extent American cities are evolving towards a model in which their government is (or is not) adapting its structure to their growing Mexican immigrant population? What are the main factors for such transformation to take place? What is the role of the Mexican government in the process? This paper addresses these questions from two different perspectives, one local, and one transnational.

This paper addresses the relationship between the Mexican government and the organized Mexican immigrant community in the United States from a historical perspective and within a framework of transnational politics. We argue that transnational relations between the Mexican government and Mexican immigrants in the United States are not new; however, these relations vary across time depending on political and economic circumstances that involve U.S.-Mexico relations. These historical links have provided the basis for the existence of current organizations of Mexican immigrants in the United States as well as the recent creation and development of the Mexican government's institutions to manage this relationship. In recent years, we identify a change in Mexico's traditional approach to migration issues in the bilateral agenda, as well as a shift in the relationship between the Mexican immigrant communities and the government. The process of institutionalization of this new relation began with the Program for Mexican Communities Abroad (PCME, in Spanish) in 1990, and was strongly consolidated in 2003 with the creation of the Institute of Mexicans Abroad (IME, in Spanish). We argue that the IME is the first Mexican governmental transnational institution in the history of relations between the Mexican government and the Mexican community in the United States. As such, we explore some of the challenges it faces in order to achieve its objectives and exert influence in American ethnic politics. In the first part of the paper we present a theoretical overview about the historical perspective of transnational politics. The second part offers a historical account of the development of the transnational relations between the Mexican government and the organized Mexican immigrant community in the last 156 years. In the third part, we analyze the challenges faced by the IME and its potential influence in American ethnic politics. Finally, we conclude with a section of remarks from both theoretical and empirical standpoints.

Entendernos

Más de un siglo de feminismo en México

Gabriela Mistral: la dura lección de que existen patrias

El articulo hace un informe sobre la Conferencia Hemisferica sobre la Libertad de Expresion que - con la participacion de Octavio Paz y Javier Perez de Cuellar, entre otros - tuvo lugar en la Ciudad de Mexico en marzo de 1994. Resume las discusiones y los principios postulados en una "Declaracion Hemisferica sobre Libertad de Expresion" que para Mexico suscribio el presidente Carlos Salinas de Gortari, comprometiendose asi a acatarla en su pais. (DÜI-Lbr)

Adelina Zendejas: arquitectura de su memoria