Suchergebnisse

This article explores the recent fate of the Russian experiment in national-cultural, non-territorial autonomy (NCA) through the experience of the Tatars. The Tatars are the most numerous minority in Russia and have achieved, peacefully, a very high degree of autonomy, in contrast to the Chechens. I seek to answer two questions. First, why did the NCA form at first appear so attractive to the Tatar elite? Second, why has it almost lost all significance to them and to others in Russia? It should be noted that this experiment is still presented by Russia as the centrepiece of its 'nationalities policy'. following some reflections on the importance of theory, I set out the latest Russian government depiction of the NCA experiment, as well as its critique by leading scholar Aleksandr Ossipov and the Russian Constitutional Court. I follow with an account of the history and influence of the Tatars in Russia. Fourth, I turn to the relationship of the Tatars with the theory and practice of NCA since 1917. Fifth, I analyse the Tatar response to the federal law 'On National-Cultural Autonomy' of 1996 and its amendment in 2004. Finally, I reflect on Ossipov's epitaph for the Russian NCA experiment. (Ethnopolitics)

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- 1. Multicultural Citizenship: A More Viable Framework for Minority Rights? -- Introduction -- The Problem of Definition in International Law -- More Recent European and International Norm-Creation -- A Liberal Understanding of Minority Rights -- The Theory Behind the Intransigence -- Critics of Liberalism -- The Possible Contribution of Realist Social Theory -- Conclusion -- 2. The Construction and Contingency of the Minority Concept -- Introduction -- Human Categories and Group Identity -- Overview of the Extant Norms -- The Construction of Difference -- Individuals and Collectivities -- Definitions of Minorities -- The Construction of Human Categories -- Cultural Criteria for Minority Identification -- The Racial Paradigm as a Legal Construct -- The Racial Paradigm as a Socio-Scientific Construct -- The Dialectics of Group Identification -- Challenges of Exclusion: The Example of Sexual Minorities -- The Socio-Scientific Concept of Sexual Minorities -- The Legal Concept of Sexual Minorities -- Towards Reconstruction -- Conclusion -- 3. Of Minors and Minorities -- Introduction -- Shared Characteristics -- Raising Standards of Protection -- Children's Minority and Group Rights -- Implementation -- Conclusion -- 4. Ascertaining a Minority Linguistic Group: Ireland as a Case-Study -- Introduction -- The Application of Contemporary Minority Linguistic Theory to Speakers of the Irish Language -- Towards a Definition of 'Minority' -- Minority Rights: To Individuals or to Groups? -- Affirmative or Positive Action -- Summary of the Relevant International Mechanisms under which Ireland has Assumed Obligations -- The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) -- The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR).

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