Suchergebnisse

A search for supersymmetry with R-parity conservation in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb -1 collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search is performed in events with jets and significant missing transverse energy, characteristic of the decays of heavy, pair-produced squarks and gluinos. The primary background, from standard model multijet production, is reduced by several orders of magnitude to a negligible level by the application of a set of robust kinematic requirements. With this selection, the data are consistent with the standard model backgrounds, namely tt¯, W + jet and Z + jet production, which are estimated from data control samples. Limits are set on the parameters of the constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. These limits extend those set previously by experiments at the Tevatron and LEP colliders. © 2011 CMS Collaboration ; California Earthquake Authority Serbia Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Fuel Cell Technologies Program, FCT Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, JINR Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission: Pakistan Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Foundation for Promotion of Material Science and Technology of Japan Hispanics in Philanthropy California Department of Fish and Game National Research Foundation Canadian Mathematical Society U.S. Department of Energy Academy of Finland Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu NSC, Taipei Research Promotion Foundation: Cyprus National Science Foundation Science and Technology Facilities Council Human Growth Foundation Croatia Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo Secretaría de Educación Pública Western Carolina University Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS National Natural Science Foundation of China Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, MICINN Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Hungarian Scientific Research Fund Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India Department of Science and Technology, Government of Rajasthan Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, COLCIENCIAS Nemzeti Kutatási és Technológiai Hivatal, NKTH: Hungary CERN General Secretariat for Research and Technology, GSRT Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Santa Fe Institute Ministry of Education and Science Louisiana Academy of Sciences ; We thank L. Dixon and the members of the Blackhat Collaboration for discussions concerning vector-boson + jets production at the LHC. We wish to congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq , CAPES , FAPERJ , and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN ; CAS , MoST , and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland , ME , and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF , DFG , and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV , CONACYT , SEP , and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). --

AbstractThis study examined the change in the rate of graduates with high honors (>3.50) in teacher training programs and the factors affecting grade inflation and graduation GPAs over a 20-year period. In the study, the weighted grade point average of 173,232 student-teachers who had graduated from 32 teacher training institutions between 2003 and 2022 was analyzed using the random effects estimator, ANOVA, t test, and ANCOVA. The findings suggest that their grade point averages increased from 2.83 to 3.34 within this period. The highest-grade averages were found in 2012, when the number of teacher training institutions was expanded; as well as in 2021–2022, during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the gender of the students, their university admission scores, the teaching field, the establishment year of the program, and the ratio of students per faculty member were found to be important determinants of graduation GPAs. Based on our results, it can be argued that the rapid growth of teacher training programs in Türkiye has caused a decrease in quality, which has triggered an increase in grade averages. One of the most important findings supporting this idea is that programs with lower university admission scores have more students graduating with honors.

Turkey's neoliberal authoritarian regime poses increasing challenges against unionization processes. While the decline of workers' rights under this regime created a renewed impetus to unionize, barriers to unionization equally increased and diversified. Taking three recent unionization experiences as case studies, this paper explores the dynamics between class organization and authoritarian statecraft. It proposes that barriers against unionization are not consequences of authoritarian consolidation but part and parcel of its making in the Turkish context. However, they have the contradictory effect of weakening such consolidation at the everyday level by engendering a working-class politicization and desire toward democratization within unionization struggles. This paradoxical relation also reveals how unionization efforts inevitably incorporate political demands in addition to economic ones under the Turkish authoritarian circumstances and become a space of struggle against the authoritarian logic at large, whether that be the anti-democratic practices of the regime or the top-down bureaucratic attitudes of unions.

Purpose
This study aims to examine the interrelationship between financial stability and economic growth with a comprehensive analysis.


Design/methodology/approach
The panel Granger causality testing approach is carried out to the panels of the Fragile Five (F5) and the Group of Seven (G7) countries for the period 1998–2020. To capture the different aspects of financial stability the authors use eight different indicators.


Findings
The findings reveal some important implications: the relationship between financial stability and economic growth is sensitive to the financial stability indicators for both the F5 and G7 countries. The stability indicators related to the credit market contain much more causality relationship with economic growth than the indicators related to the stock market. Z-score and provisions to nonperforming loans (NPLs) are among the two variables with the highest causality relationship with economic growth. The least number of causality link is found for the Regulatory Capital Ratio and Stock Price Volatility in F5 countries and Credit Ratio, NPLs and Stock Price Volatility in G7 countries. Economic growth affects financial stability through credit market stability indicators and mostly for the F5 countries. No causal relationship is found for any of the financial stability indicators of Canada, the UK and the USA from economic growth to financial stability.


Originality/value
Since the linkages between financial stability and economic growth may vary due to country/group specific differences, apart from the previous studies, the authors select two different groups of countries in terms of financial stability and economic size.

This study seeks to explain why, to what extent, and in what ways ethnic party representatives remain active on the parliamentary floor when the political representation of minority groups takes place alongside ethnic conflict. To test hypotheses related to these questions, we utilize an original dataset of 14,000 parliamentary questions and speeches and background characteristics of 372 representatives in Turkey. The dataset spans many episodes of the Kurdish conflict over six legislative terms (1991–2015). Our empirical analyses show that the parliamentary behavior of ethnic party representatives is directly linked to the intensity of violence between the state and the insurgent group. We specifically demonstrate that ethnic party representatives, compared to other representatives in conflict-ridden provinces, are more active on the floor and focus more heavily on civil rights and identity issues. These findings contribute to our understanding of various linkages between identity and the substantive representation of minorities during violent conflict.

Why do representatives prioritize certain types of constituency service in parliamentary systems? This study argues that the choice for constituency-oriented activities is conditioned by both partisan factors and legislative role orientations. Two novel data sets combining behavioral and attitudinal measures of constituency-oriented behavior are used for empirical tests: an elite survey including detailed interviews with 204 members of the Turkish parliament and 4000 parliamentary questions tabled by these members. The results from a series of ordered logit, ordinary least squares (OLS), and negative binomial regression estimations confirm that members of parliament choose different types of constituency-oriented activities based on their visibility to the party leadership and their constituency. This choice is primarily driven by partisanship and members of parliament's perceptions about the influence of party leader in renomination. The analysis provides important insights about the role of partisan factors as drivers of parliamentary behavior.