Suchergebnisse

International audience ; In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity enshrined the rights of autochthonous peoples to manage the natural resources of their living environment(s). In the Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of West Africa, autochthonous regulations regarding access to land and resources are increasingly seen as conservation methods. Despite global recognition, the concept raises a number of complex issue—ambiguities that the study of two MPAs, located in Mauritania and Senegal, bring to the fore. Perhaps notions and practices of "autochthony" are better understood as a product of contemporary global capitalism rather than a form of resistance to a modern mercantile world? ; En 1992, la Convention sur la diversité biologique a garanti les droits des populations autochtones sur la nature. Dans les Aires marines protégées (AMP) ouest-africaines, l'approche conservatoire tend à encourager des formes autochtones de régulation de l'accès aux territoires et aux ressources. Si l'autochtonie s'est imposée comme un référent global, elle n'en soulève pas moins un certain nombre d'ambiguïtés que révèlent ici les exemples de deux AMP en Mauritanie et au Sénégal. L'autochtonie serait-elle davantage un produit du capitalisme global contemporain qu'une résistance à la modernité marchande ?

International audience ; In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity enshrined the rights of autochthonous peoples to manage the natural resources of their living environment(s). In the Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of West Africa, autochthonous regulations regarding access to land and resources are increasingly seen as conservation methods. Despite global recognition, the concept raises a number of complex issue—ambiguities that the study of two MPAs, located in Mauritania and Senegal, bring to the fore. Perhaps notions and practices of "autochthony" are better understood as a product of contemporary global capitalism rather than a form of resistance to a modern mercantile world? ; En 1992, la Convention sur la diversité biologique a garanti les droits des populations autochtones sur la nature. Dans les Aires marines protégées (AMP) ouest-africaines, l'approche conservatoire tend à encourager des formes autochtones de régulation de l'accès aux territoires et aux ressources. Si l'autochtonie s'est imposée comme un référent global, elle n'en soulève pas moins un certain nombre d'ambiguïtés que révèlent ici les exemples de deux AMP en Mauritanie et au Sénégal. L'autochtonie serait-elle davantage un produit du capitalisme global contemporain qu'une résistance à la modernité marchande ?

International audience In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity enshrined the rights of autochthonous peoples to manage the natural resources of their living environment(s). In the Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of West Africa, autochthonous regulations regarding access to land and resources are increasingly seen as conservation methods. Despite global recognition, the concept raises a number of complex issue—ambiguities that the study of two MPAs, located in Mauritania and Senegal, bring to the fore. Perhaps notions and practices of "autochthony" are better understood as a product of contemporary global capitalism rather than a form of resistance to a modern mercantile world? ; En 1992, la Convention sur la diversité biologique a garanti les droits des populations autochtones sur la nature. Dans les Aires marines protégées (AMP) ouest-africaines, l'approche conservatoire tend à encourager des formes autochtones de régulation de l'accès aux territoires et aux ressources. Si l'autochtonie s'est imposée comme un référent global, elle n'en soulève pas moins un certain nombre d'ambiguïtés que révèlent ici les exemples de deux AMP en Mauritanie et au Sénégal. L'autochtonie serait-elle davantage un produit du capitalisme global contemporain qu'une résistance à la modernité marchande ?

International audience ; In 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity enshrined the rights of autochthonous peoples to manage the natural resources of their living environment(s). In the Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of West Africa, autochthonous regulations regarding access to land and resources are increasingly seen as conservation methods. Despite global recognition, the concept raises a number of complex issue—ambiguities that the study of two MPAs, located in Mauritania and Senegal, bring to the fore. Perhaps notions and practices of "autochthony" are better understood as a product of contemporary global capitalism rather than a form of resistance to a modern mercantile world? ; En 1992, la Convention sur la diversité biologique a garanti les droits des populations autochtones sur la nature. Dans les Aires marines protégées (AMP) ouest-africaines, l'approche conservatoire tend à encourager des formes autochtones de régulation de l'accès aux territoires et aux ressources. Si l'autochtonie s'est imposée comme un référent global, elle n'en soulève pas moins un certain nombre d'ambiguïtés que révèlent ici les exemples de deux AMP en Mauritanie et au Sénégal. L'autochtonie serait-elle davantage un produit du capitalisme global contemporain qu'une résistance à la modernité marchande ?

Le livre, "un ouvrage entre recherche et action", ambitionne de "nourrir le débat autour de pistes concrètes d'appui à la coopération transfrontalière et replacer les peuples d'Afrique au cœur des processus migratoires en cours". La suivante l'interrogation se trouve à la base: '"Et si l'intégration régionale n'est pas seulement l'affaire des décideurs politiques et des appareils administratifs, pas simplement une affaire de traités, de conventions et de réglementations?" Selon les auteurs, "'l'expérience révèle ... l'existence de puissantes dynamiques d'intégration 'par le bas' qui, de fait, connectent et articulent par delà les frontières, les territoires, les hommes et les activités". Ces dynamiques sont le fait de mouvements migratoires, productifs et commerciaux, "spontanément mises en œuvre par des réseaux de solidarité communautaire ou religieuse". Ils se manifestent "au sein d'espaces partagés entre plusieurs constructions nationales qui constituent de véritables zones naturelles d'intégration ou pays frontières". (GIGA-Sbd)

International audience ; On looking at the stakes involved in the marine protected areas (MPA), such as they are expressed on the international scene which places governance at the center of the debate, the gaps revealed by a bibliographic review justifies a research effort on an analysis framework of the governance for MPAS. The establishment of this framework is supported on one hand by the conceptual achievements of risk governance, and on the other by the application of these conceptual achievements to environmental governance, and endly by the declension of this governance in terms of political economy and political science. The West African MPAs have appeared to be a privileged application of this analysis framework, in reference to a certain exemplarité. The analysis of their modes of governance has revealed contradictions which refer to the environment of public policy. The analysis of this has highlighted the disproportionate role of international pressure groups, the too sectoral and technical aspect of the fisheries management measures, the incompletion of decentralization, and the fragmentation of the State and civil society. Faced with these deadlocks, the reinforcement of the connection between the levels of power and decision is essential, as well as the re-qualifying of the role of the State as mediator and arbitrator. The lessons learned from the analysis of the governance of the West African marine protected areas enable the proposition of some directives for the modes of governance, including the better targeting of objectives, the legal organization of the rights of access and the delegation of power, the specific financing of governance measures, and the precise cost and profit assessment. ; Au regard des enjeux des aires marines protégées (AMP) tels qu'exprimés dans les arènes internationales qui placent la gouvernance au centre des débats, les lacunes révélées par la littérature justifiaient un effort de recherche sur un cadre d'analyse adapté aux AMP. La construction de ce cadre s'est ...

International audience ; On looking at the stakes involved in the marine protected areas (MPA), such as they are expressed on the international scene which places governance at the center of the debate, the gaps revealed by a bibliographic review justifies a research effort on an analysis framework of the governance for MPAS. The establishment of this framework is supported on one hand by the conceptual achievements of risk governance, and on the other by the application of these conceptual achievements to environmental governance, and endly by the declension of this governance in terms of political economy and political science. The West African MPAs have appeared to be a privileged application of this analysis framework, in reference to a certain exemplarité. The analysis of their modes of governance has revealed contradictions which refer to the environment of public policy. The analysis of this has highlighted the disproportionate role of international pressure groups, the too sectoral and technical aspect of the fisheries management measures, the incompletion of decentralization, and the fragmentation of the State and civil society. Faced with these deadlocks, the reinforcement of the connection between the levels of power and decision is essential, as well as the re-qualifying of the role of the State as mediator and arbitrator. The lessons learned from the analysis of the governance of the West African marine protected areas enable the proposition of some directives for the modes of governance, including the better targeting of objectives, the legal organization of the rights of access and the delegation of power, the specific financing of governance measures, and the precise cost and profit assessment. ; Au regard des enjeux des aires marines protégées (AMP) tels qu'exprimés dans les arènes internationales qui placent la gouvernance au centre des débats, les lacunes révélées par la littérature justifiaient un effort de recherche sur un cadre d'analyse adapté aux AMP. La construction de ce cadre s'est ...