Suchergebnisse

Development of telecommunications : a comparative study France-Bulgaria
This article offers some conclusions relating to the telephonic branch of a comparative study of France and Bulgaria, which had to do with methods of decision-making in industrial enterprises, and which compared three branches - clothing, mechanical construction, and telephony. The study of the telephonic branch was carried out during 1985-1986. Three aspects were particularly singled out for comparison : the development of electronic switchboards, i.e. the emergence of a very sizeable technological leap ; the market in telecommunications, and finally employment, both in its nature and its modes of administration. We have been able to bring out the fact that the dissimilarities between the two countries are not to be found where one would a priori have expected them (the role of the authorities) but have to do rather with the state of the industrial fabric, with the place in it of the market, the labour market especially.

L'article pose la question des outils, du degré et de la signification de l'intervention de l'État dans l'industrie. Les outils de l'intervention de l'État permettent de la cataloguer comme autoritaire, administrative ou contractuelle. Du point de vue du degré de l'intervention il existe tout une gamme d'interventions depuis le dirigisme jusqu'au libéralisme en passant par la planification et l'incitation qui fluctuent dans le temps mais aussi se cumulent sous un même régime.
Les intentions de l'intervention, modernisatrices, industrialisatrices, sociales ou politiques, recouvrent en fait des systèmes de légitimation qui visent à fonder l'action de l'État.