Suchergebnisse

The House of Representatives is one of the most dynamic of governmental institutions. Formally and informally, the House regularly revises its rules, procedures, practices, and structures to adapt and adjust to, among other things, membership and workload changes. Absent its capacities for reform, the House would soon find itself unable to meet the diverse challenges of the day. Generally, the House's reorganization imperative is driven by the constant influx of new lawmakers who bring fresh perspectives on how the House should work; typically, they want to make changes in the status quo.

Level of influence in the decision making of US House committees. Based on an analysis of 56 bills from the Committees on Agriculture, Education and Labor, and Energy and Commerce.

Green consumerism has increased in popularity in Europe over the past decade due to new political policies and social shifts. The purpose of this study was to expand the research in understanding the thinking and values of eco-consumers and how this can assist in marketing efforts. Previous studies have given little focus on Poland and the role of their values in purchasing energy efficient appliances. Research shows that certain values can indicate an increased likelihood in caring for the environment and this study aims to affirm this further amongst Polish millennials as well as any differences based on sex. The analysis used the results of the European Social Survey (ESS) Round 8 from 2016. This study focused on human values and their role on purchases of energy efficient appliances and whether climate change attitudes moderate that relationship. A thorough analysis showed that human values of Polish millennials do not have an influence on buying energy efficient appliances. Moreover, attitudes towards climate change do not moderate a relation between these two variables. This study has highlighted the complexity of the role of human values in energy efficient preferences and has demonstrated justification for further research in this area.

ABSTRACTThe paper describes a moving‐bed bioreactor which was used as the first stage of a two‐stage process to provide an effective and simple means of reducing the biochemical oxygen demand of a wastewater prior to further treatment in a conventional second‐stage activated‐sludge plant.At Corby, a scheme was required to (a) meet the requirements of a more stringent effluent consent and (b) provide capacity for further anticipated growth in industrial effluent loads. The original works comprised conventional primary sedimentation tanks, biological filters and humus tanks, followed by an activated‐sludge oxidation ditch and further settlement tanks. A pilot plant has been in operation at Corby for two years, and the results were used to design a moving‐bed bioreactor to replace the existing filters.At Pyewipe, a new coastal treatment plant was required and, following the change in status from a 'high natural dispersion area &, a 'normal' programme was initiated to achieve the required completion date. A value‐management workshop was held which identified the two‐stage moving‐bed bioreactor/activated‐sludge process, and a pilot plant was operated for eighteen months. A full‐scale plant is now under construction and incorporates a number of innovative features.

The U.S. Senate and the meaning of dysfunction / C. Lawrence Evans and Wendy J. Schiller -- Lending and reclaiming power : majority leadership in the House from the 1950s to Trump / John H. Aldrich and David W. Rohde -- Voters, candidates, parties, and issues in Congressional elections / Robert S. Erikson and Gerald C. Wright -- Partisanship, money, and competition : elections and the transformation of Congress since the 1970s / Gary C. Jacobson -- Women running, women winning : voter pPreferences in 2018 / Danielle M. Thomsen -- Black-Latino relations in Congress : examining institutional context and inter-minority group relations further / Rodney E. Hero and Robert R. Preuhs -- The dynamics of party government in Congress / Steven S. Smith and Gerald Gamm -- House parties, divided : intraparty organization in the contemporary Congress / Ruth Bloch Rubin -- The struggle to legislate in polarized times / Sarah Binder -- The war over judges in the Senate / Gregory Koger -- Enduring continuities in Congressional lawmaking / James M. Curry and Frances E. Lee -- Legislative styles and the dynamics of Congressional behavior / Tracy Sulkin -- The politics of the budget and appropriations process in a polarized Congress / Molly E. Reynolds -- Party, ideology, and legislative effectiveness in the U.S. Senate / Craig Volden and Alan E. Wiseman -- Congressional investigations in a polarized era or has polarization (and Trump?) broken the investigative check / Douglas L. Kriner and Eric Schickler -- How Congressional polarization is transforming the separation of powers / Nolan McCarty -- The 2020 Congressional elections in a time of Covid-19, economic turmoil, and Trump / Lawrence C. Dodd and Bruce I. Oppenheim.

ABSTRACTThrough comparison of the relationship between age and voter turnout in new and established electorates, this article tests life cycle versus experience‐related explanations of political participation. The relationship between age and turnout for the newly enfranchised should resemble that for the previously enfranchised if life cycle forces dominate: turnout increasing with age until peaking in the middle years, then declining with old age. If experience with the vote dominates, the relationship of age to turnout should differ: with new electorates there should be a much smaller difference between the turnout of the young and the middle‐aged, peak turnout should occur at an earlier age than for established electorates, drop‐off among the elderly should be especially steep, and such differences between the electorates should decline over time after enfranchisement. The evidence examined for new electorates ‐data spanning 18 national elections in eight countries ‐ shows that the same relationship between age and turnout characterizes new and established electorates. Lack of experience with the vote, or resistance to acquiring new attitudes and behaviour, does not seem to alter appreciably the relationship of age to turnout in new electorates. Implications of this finding for the development of democratic participation and socialization theories of adult change are considered.

Intergenerational inequalities in economic security, health and political participation are frequently associated with inequalities in access to social capital. Millennials (those born after 1982) are often regarded as the least civically active generation, suggesting that they have less access to social capital, compared to other generations. Numerous studies have linked the decline of religion with falling social capital, as younger generations are deprived of a valuable source of social interaction; others, however, have claimed the link between the two is spurious because Millennials have developed different ways of interacting with social institutions and each other. Despite various studies exploring links between forms of religious and social capital, the role of religious decline in contributing to the intergenerational inequalities of today remains unclear. This study examines how religious capital is related to social capital for Baby Boomers and Millennials in the UK. Our analysis shows that while lower levels of religious capital are contributing to lower levels of social capital among Millennials, religious activity is also a more effective source of social capital for Millennials than their elders. We discuss possible interpretations of our data, including exploring whether greater religious engagement among Millennials may protect against intergenerational inequality and conflict. ; Partially funded by the ESRC