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Aron Gurwitsch (1900-73) was one of the most important figures in the phenomenological movement between the 1920s and the 1970s. Through his introduction of Gestalt theoretical concepts into phenomenology, he exerted a powerful influence on Maurice Merleau-Ponty and others. The contributions to this memorial volume, most written by friends and students of Gurwitsch, contain critical studies of the work of Aron Gurwitsch and attempts to extend his philosophical analyses to new problems and fields. Ranging from formal ontology through the philosophy of the social sciences to the interpretation of Kant, the essays assembled here are both a tribute to and a continuation of the philosophical legacy of Aron Gurwitsch. The contributions will be of interest to advanced undergraduates and graduate students, and to specialists in a wide range of areas

Derrida and Phenomenology is a collection of essays by various authors, entirely devoted to Jacques Derrida's writing on Edmund Husserl's phenomenology. It gives a wide range of reactions to those writings, both critical and supportive, and contains many in-depth studies. Audience: Communicates new evaluations of Derrida's critique of Husserl to those familiar with the issues: specialists in phenomenology, deconstruction, the philosophies of Derrida and Husserl. Also contains a bibliography of recent relevant literature

There is increasing pressure on governments and industries to make significant reductions in carbon emissions. In the UK, 11% of electricity is consumed by the food industry and in some sectors a substantial portion of site energy, up to 90%, is consumed by refrigeration systems. The aim of this work was to: identify the major primary chilling energy requirements in the UK; calculate or make a best estimate of their efficiency; and determine which chilling processes have the highest energy saving potential. In terms of the heat energy to be extracted during the primary chilling process, the six most important categories in rank order were milk (532 GWh/year), meat (114 GWh/year), potatoes (59 GWh/year), other vegetables (36 GWh/year), fish (6.5 GWh/ year) and fruit (5.9 GWh/year). There is little published data on the measured energy consumption of commercial primary chilling processes in the UK or that is directly applicable to the UK. From the data that is available, the energy efficiency (useful heat extracted from material/measured electrical energy used) varies from 0.138 to 5.337, with cooling of milk being far more efficient than that of the next two most important categories, meat and potatoes. Using the best of existing technologies it is estimated that 154 GWh could be saved per year in potato cooling, 128 GWh in milk and between 51 and 80 GWh in the cooling of carcass meat. Savings in other commodity areas are likely to be more than an order of magnitude less.

This paper reviews the published data on the performance and use of domestic refrigerators throughout the world in the last 30 years. While there is considerable legislation defining maximum temperatures during the production, distribution and retailing of chilled food, as soon as the consumer purchases the food, it is outside of any of these legislative requirements. Inadequate domestic refrigeration or cooling is frequently cited as a possible factor in food poisoning incidents. It is clear from the many published surveys that many refrigerators throughout the world are running at higher than recommended temperatures. Since even these recommended temperatures are higher than the 0 to 1 °C that is usually the recommended temperature range for storing fish and seafood, meat and many chilled products the current situation is even more detrimental to maintaining the high quality life of chilled foods. Despite numerous surveys around the world, how refrigerator temperatures and cleanliness impacts on consumer health remains to be fully assessed. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The authors examine the evolution of UK regional gross domestic product (GDP) per capita since the mid-1970s, with particular emphasis on the degree of divergence or convergence of real GDP per head. They investigate three types of convergence, known as sigma convergence, beta convergence, and conditional beta convergence. They find little evidence of a diminution in the differences in the levels of regional incomes over the sample period, although the standard deviation in regional incomes docs vary over time. There is also some limited evidence of mobility of regions, indicative of beta convergence.

This Nepal study identifies the major components of sustainable development and examines the extent to which existing and proposed development plans and policies support or are in conflict with the concept of sustainable development. (DSE/DÜI)