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The future of African agriculture is once again on the development agenda. But why is African agriculture (largely) stagnating and what can be done about it? This artice introduces themes from the 23 contributions to this IDS Bulletin. The article questions past solutions based on either generic "technical fixes", "market and institutional fixes" or "policy fixes" and suggests new directions for African agriculture. Alternatives to the liberalisation approaches of the past are explored, and the dilemmas of post-reform agrarian politics are identified. Numerous examples show how social, cultural and political relations shape agricultural production, patterns of investment, the uptake of technologies and the functioning of agricultural markets. Taking these dynamics seriously is a key requirement if grand-sounding policies are to have an impact on the ground in diverse settings in Africa. The need for a more grounded, context-specific assessment of constraints and future scenarios is highlighted in conclusion. (IDS Bull/DÜI)

Food safety is receiving heightened attention worldwide as the important links between food and health are increasingly recognized. Improving food safety is an essential element of improving food security, which exists when populations have access to sufficient and healthy food. At the same time, as food trade expands throughout the world, food safety has become a shared concern among both developed and developing countries. Governments in many countries have established new institutions, standards, and methods for regulating food safety and have increased investments in hazard control. This set of policy briefs describes how developing countries are addressing food safety issues in order to improve both food security and food trade, and discusses the risks, benefits, and costs when such policies are implemented. ; CONTENTS: -- Overview / Laurian J. Unnevehr; Food Safety as a Public Health Issue for Developing Countries / Fritz K. Käferstein; Mycotoxin Food Safety Risk in Developing Countries / Ramesh V. Bhat and Siruguri Vasanthi; Trends in Food Safety Standards and Regulation: Implications for Developing Countries / Julie A. Caswell; Food Safety Issues in International Trade / Spencer Henson; Balancing Risk Reduction and Benefits from Trade in Setting Standards / John Wilson and Tsunehiro Otsuki; Case Study: Guatemalan Raspberries and Cyclospora / Linda Calvin, Luis Flores, and William Foster; Case Study: Kenyan Fish Exports / Richard O. Abila; Case Study:The Shrimp Export Industry in Bangladesh / James C. Cato and S. Subasinge; Case Study: Reducing Pesticide Residues on Horticultural Crops / George W. Norton, Guillermo E. Sanchez, Dionne Clarke-Harris, and Halimatou Koné Traoré; Case Study: India Responds to International Food Safety Requirements / Shashi Sareen; Case Study: Supermarkets and Quality and Safety Standards for Produce in Latin America / Julio A. Berdegué, Fernando Balsevich, Luis Flores, Denise Mainville, and Thomas Reardon; Case Study: Beef industry in China / Colin G. Brown and Scott A.Waldron; Case Study:The Poultry Industry in Colombia / Miguel I. Gómez, Diego M. Sierra, and Daisy Rodriguez; Case Study: Reducing Mycotoxins in Brazilian Crops / Elisabete Salay; Food Safety and GM Crops: Implications for Developing-Country Research / Joel I. Cohen, Hector Quemada, and Robert Frederick; Food Safety Policy Issues for Developing Countries / Laurian J. Unnevehr, Lawrence Haddad, and Christopher Delgado." ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; 2020 ; DGO

Metadata only record ; This book examines the complexity of household decision-making and resource allocation, and the need for policies to consider the identity and bargaining power of individuals within a household in order to successfully address issues and impact people. Nineteen contributors from various disciplines analyze the factors that impact decisions at the household level, and argue that the alleviation of individual and household poverty cannot occur without policies that address both levels of decision-making. They suggest that even policies that do take intrahousehold behavior into account may fail, but there are serious consequences of neglecting those processes completely.