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In times of perception politics, the credibility of electoral candidates is a crucial asset in political marketing. This raises the question to which political leaders citizens attribute credibility and how political credibility is gained and lost through media performance. We analyze and compare two contrasting cases during the Dutch parliamentary election campaign of 2010. Whereas in this campaign Mark Rutte—leader of the liberal party VVD—gained credibility, the credibility of Job Cohen—at the time, leader of the social-democratic PvdA—waned substantially. To understand this we extend the source credibility approach with a dramaturgical approach, and as such we shed light on what happens in the dynamic, interactive process between leaders and audiences in which credibility is constructed.

This article systematically reviews the literature on combining referendums and deliberative processes. With referendums being criticized for various reasons, including their deliberative deficit, and amid the deliberative turn in democracy, various hybrid combinations of referendums and deliberative processes have been practised or suggested. We bring together the hitherto scattered literature that focuses on assumed and observed strengthening effects of deliberation in light of ascribed referendum deficits. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses method, we reviewed and thematically analysed 55 publications. We show that, despite their different focal points, a clear overlap exists between perceived shortcomings of referendums and the added value of deliberation. Expectations of hybridization run high, with empirical evidence emerging that shows promising positive effects. Nevertheless, non-positive effects are both anticipated and observed, and these underscore the importance of ensuring appropriate connections between aggregative and deliberative processes and of systemic embedding.

City in Sight presents recent scholarship on the various issues facing today's Dutch metropolitan areas, including immigration and the growing diversity among the urban population, urban restructuring and neighborhood renewal, shifts in urban governance, and the promotion of active citizenship. With its wealth of information and up-to-date research, this text will appeal to scholars of urban politics and social history from all over the globe.

Huge social transformations and turbulent political events - 9/11 and the political murders of Pim Fortuyn and Theo van Gogh - have put urban issues high on the political agenda of the Netherlands. Against this background, the contributors to this volume bring the city in sight from various disciplinary perspectives and relate their research findings to both national and international debates on urban problems. In this way, City in Sight not only provides insight into the most urgent questions of contemporary cities in the Netherlands, but also how these relate to similar problems in other countries as well. - De bijdragen in deze bundel geven zicht op de stad en stedelijke verandering vanuit verschillende invalshoeken. De auteurs plaatsen hun bevindingen in de context van het Nederlandse en internationale debat over stedelijke problematiek. City in Sight laat zien wat de meest prangende kwesties zijn waar Nederlandse steden zich momenteel voor gesteld zien.

Huge social transformations and turbulent political events - 9/11 and the political murders of Pim Fortuyn and Theo van Gogh - have put urban issues high on the political agenda of the Netherlands. Against this background, the contributors to this volume bring the city in sight from various disciplinary perspectives and relate their research findings to both national and international debates on urban problems. In this way, City in Sight not only provides insight into the most urgent questions of contemporary cities in the Netherlands, but also how these relate to similar problems in other countries as well.
Table of contents:
Part I Urban Transformations and Local Settings
1 Post-Industrialization and Ethnocentrism in Contemporary Dutch Cities: The Effects of Job Opportunities and Residential Segregation / Jeroen van der Waal and Jack Burgers
2 Unraveling Neighborhood Effects: Evidence from Two European Welfare States / Sako Musterd and Fenne M. Pinkster
3 The Effects of State-Led Gentrification in the Netherlands / Peter van der Graaf and Lex Veldboer
4 Problematic Areas or Places of Fun? Ethnic Place Marketing in the Multicultural City of Rotterdam / Ilse van Liempt and Lex Veldboer

Part II Urban Citizenship and Civic Life
5 Local and Transnational Aspects of Citizenship Political Practices and Identifications of Middle-class Migrants in Rotterdam / Marianne van Bochove, Katja Rusinovic and Godfried Engbersen
6 A Little Less Conversation, a Little More Action: Real-life Expressions of Vital Citizenship in City Neighborhoods / Ted van de Wijdeven and Frank Hendriks
7 Organize Liberal, Think Conservative: Citizenship in Light Communities / Menno Hurenkamp
8 'Control over the Remote Control', or How to Handle the 'Normal' World? The Policy and Practice of Community Care for People with Psychiatric or Intellectual Disabilities / Loes Verplanke and Jan Willem Duyvendak
9 Changing Urban Networks and Gossip: Moroccan Migrant Women's Networks in the Dutch Welfare State / Marguerite van den Berg

Part III Urban Governance and Professional Politics
10 The Relationship Between Policy Governance and Front-line Governance / Pieter Tops and Casper Hartman
11 Between Ideals and Pragmatism: Practitioners Working with Immigrant Youth in Amsterdam and Berlin / Floris Vermeulen and Tim Plaggenborg
12 Explaining the Role of Civic Organizations in Neighborhood Co-production / Karien Dekker, Rene´ Torenvlied, Beate Völker and Herman Lelieveldt
13 The Amsterdam Office Space Tragedy: An Institutional Reflection on Balancing Office Space Development in the Amsterdam Metropolitan Region / Leonie Janssen-Jansen and Willem Salet
The Dutch Orange and the Big Apple: A Comparative Commentary / John Mollenkopf

This chapter discusses initiatives for involving citizens in local and regional democracies. We examine initiatives that take an aggregative and majoritarian approach to citizen involvement, promoting a range of direct and plebiscitary additions to representative democracy. And we look at initiatives of participatory and deliberative democracy which take an integrative, non-majoritarian approach to public decision-making and public involvement. Reviewing the development of these initiatives, 2008 does not appear to be a dramatic turning point. The general trend is one of steady expansion and a broadening of initiatives that supplement representative democracy. Comparing 2020 with 2008, however, we conclude that there is an ever-expanding number and variety of citizen-involvement initiatives, that these initiatives do not replace existing democracy, but do potentially change how it works and thus also trigger fundamental questions about democratic rule, and that new ways of involving citizens by using digital tools are becoming more common.

This chapter discusses initiatives for involving citizens in local and regional democracies. We examine initiatives that take an aggregative and majoritarian approach to citizen involvement, promoting a range of direct and plebiscitary additions to representative democracy. And we look at initiatives of participatory and deliberative democracy which take an integrative, non-majoritarian approach to public decision-making and public involvement. Reviewing the development of these initiatives, 2008 does not appear to be a dramatic turning point. The general trend is one of steady expansion and a broadening of initiatives that supplement representative democracy. Comparing 2020 with 2008, however, we conclude that there is an ever-expanding number and variety of citizen-involvement initiatives, that these initiatives do not replace existing democracy, but do potentially change how it works and thus also trigger fundamental questions about democratic rule, and that new ways of involving citizens by using digital tools are becoming more common.

This book demonstrates both successes and failures in attempts to get closer to the ideal of good urban governance in cities in North-America, Europe, and Asia. It presents a value menu and deliberately does not come up with "one best way" for improving urban governance. Good urban governance is presented as a balancing act, an interplay between government, business and civil society in which the core values need careful and timely attention. The authors address questions such as "What is deemed "good" in urban governance, and how is it being searched for?", and "What (re)configurations of interactions between government, private sector and civil society are evolving, and to what results?". Contents Reflections on Good Governance Designing Good Urban Governance Partnerships in European, Indian and Chinese Cities Multi-level Governance Citizen Participation Target Groups Lecturers and Students of Sociology, Urban Studies, Public Administration, Political Science, Development Studies Practitioners in Cities all over the World The Authors Leon van den Dool is Senior Researcher at Tilburg University and Senior Manager at PwC Advisory in the field of Local Government, the Netherlands. Frank Hendriks is Professor in Comparative Governance at Tilburg University, the Netherlands. Alberto Gianoli is Senior Expert in Urban Governance at the Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies (IHS) in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Linze Schaap is Associate Professor Public Administration at Tilburg University, the Netherlands